Nethinimn.

Brit.

/ˈnɛθᵻnɪm/, U.S.

/ˌnɛdiˈnim/

Inflections: Plural Nethinims, unchanged.

Origin: A borrowing from Hebrew. Etymon: Hebrew nĕṯīnīm.

Etymology: < Hebrew nĕṯīnīm (plural), lit. ‘those who are given’ < nāṯan to give.Compare post-classical Latin Nathinnei, plural (Vulgate), giving rise to Nathynneis (plural) in the Wycliffite Bible (L.V., a1425).

Jewish History.

Chiefly in Biblical and derived uses: a non-Israelite servant or slave performing menial duties in the ancient Jewish temple. Cf. Gibeonite n. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > service > servant > types of servant > [noun] > other types of servant

minstrel?c1225

mill-knavec1380

subdeacona1382

rehetoura1425

daily waiter1519

apparitor1533

Nethinim1535

fealc1650

washpot1678

Sunday outer1837

comprador1840

liveryman1841

running dog1969

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Ezra ii. 70 So the prestes and the Levites, and certayne of ye people, and the syngers, and the porters, and ye Nethinims dwelt in their cities, and all Israel in their cities.

1611 Bible (King James) Ezra ii. 58 All the Nethinims, and the children of Solomon's seruants, were three hundred ninetie and two.

1611 Bible (King James) Ezra viii. 20 Also of the Nethinims, whom Dauid, and the Princes had appointed for the seruice of the Leuites, two hundred and twentie Nethinims: all of them were expressed by name.

1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine iii. iv. 325 Whereas other Israelites were subject to heavy taxes, after their captivity, the Nethinims were exempted from all tribute..by the..Kings of Persia.

1661 T. Blount Glossographia (ed. 2) Nethinims, were hewers of wood and drawers of water for the House of God, Ezra. 2.43.

1825 J. A. Hillhouse Hadad iv. iv. 140 Thieves, beggars, bravoes, base Nethinims, harlots, tattered prodigals, Flock from their holes to shout for Absalom!

1877 Encycl. Brit. VI. 291/2 Joshua consecrated the Gibeonites, as Solomon and David did the Nethinims, to the service of the Temple.

1917 Encycl. Relig. & Ethics IX. 333/2 From all this it would appear that before the Exile the Nethinim had ceased to be foreigners and had become a part of the Jewish people, so firmly attached to the Temples that the Exile could not break that attachment.

1988 J. D. Douglas et al. New Bible Dict. (ed. 2) 827/2 It is hardly likely that the Nethinim would have remained uncircumcised.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	nethinim
释义	Nethinimn. Brit. /ˈnɛθᵻnɪm/, U.S. /ˌnɛdiˈnim/ Inflections: Plural Nethinims, unchanged. Origin: A borrowing from Hebrew. Etymon: Hebrew nĕṯīnīm. Etymology: < Hebrew nĕṯīnīm (plural), lit. ‘those who are given’ < nāṯan to give.Compare post-classical Latin Nathinnei, plural (Vulgate), giving rise to Nathynneis (plural) in the Wycliffite Bible (L.V., a1425). Jewish History. Chiefly in Biblical and derived uses: a non-Israelite servant or slave performing menial duties in the ancient Jewish temple. Cf. Gibeonite n. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > service > servant > types of servant > [noun] > other types of servant minstrel?c1225 mill-knavec1380 subdeacona1382 rehetoura1425 daily waiter1519 apparitor1533 Nethinim1535 fealc1650 washpot1678 Sunday outer1837 comprador1840 liveryman1841 running dog1969 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Ezra ii. 70 So the prestes and the Levites, and certayne of ye people, and the syngers, and the porters, and ye Nethinims dwelt in their cities, and all Israel in their cities. 1611 Bible (King James) Ezra ii. 58 All the Nethinims, and the children of Solomon's seruants, were three hundred ninetie and two. View more context for this quotation 1611 Bible (King James) Ezra viii. 20 Also of the Nethinims, whom Dauid, and the Princes had appointed for the seruice of the Leuites, two hundred and twentie Nethinims: all of them were expressed by name. View more context for this quotation 1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine iii. iv. 325 Whereas other Israelites were subject to heavy taxes, after their captivity, the Nethinims were exempted from all tribute..by the..Kings of Persia. 1661 T. Blount Glossographia (ed. 2) Nethinims, were hewers of wood and drawers of water for the House of God, Ezra. 2.43. 1825 J. A. Hillhouse Hadad iv. iv. 140 Thieves, beggars, bravoes, base Nethinims, harlots, tattered prodigals, Flock from their holes to shout for Absalom! 1877 Encycl. Brit. VI. 291/2 Joshua consecrated the Gibeonites, as Solomon and David did the Nethinims, to the service of the Temple. 1917 Encycl. Relig. & Ethics IX. 333/2 From all this it would appear that before the Exile the Nethinim had ceased to be foreigners and had become a part of the Jewish people, so firmly attached to the Temples that the Exile could not break that attachment. 1988 J. D. Douglas et al. New Bible Dict. (ed. 2) 827/2 It is hardly likely that the Nethinim would have remained uncircumcised. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1535
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