nicotinicadj.

Brit.

/ˌnɪkəˈtɪnɪk/,

/ˌnɪkəˈtiːnɪk/, U.S.

/ˌnɪkəˈtɪnɪk/,

/ˌnɪkəˈtinɪk/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: nicotine n., -ic suffix.

Etymology: < nicotine n. + -ic suffix. Compare French nicotinique (1878, replacing earlier nicotique : see nicotic adj.).In nicotinic acid (see Compounds) after German Nicotinsäure (H. Weidel 1873, in Ann. der Chem. u. Pharm. 165 330).

†1. Relating to the use of tobacco; = nicotian adj. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > tobacco > [adjective]

tobaccical1604

nicotian1609

tobacconalian1835

tobacconian1835

tobaccoy1840

tobaccose1845

nicotinica1847

tobaccofied1846

nicotinian1864

tobaccoic1878

tobaccoed1893

a1847 W. Lambe Water & Vegetable Diet (1850) vii. 108 I seized my large-bowled and elegant Chinese pipe—my favorite mode of indulging in the nicotinic pleasures.

2. Physiology. Having or designating a physiological action or effect similar to that of nicotine, esp. on certain receptors in the nervous system; (of a receptor) capable of responding to nicotine (cf. nicotinic acetylcholine receptor n. at Compounds).

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > poisons > [adjective]

muscarinic1941

nicotinic1941

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > alkaloids > [adjective] > of or relating to nicotine

nicotic1857

nicotinic1941

1941 L. S. Goodman & A. Z. Gilman Pharmacol. Basis Therapeutics xix. 339 The nicotinic and muscarinic actions of acetylcholine can be strikingly demonstrated on the intestinal tract of..the tench.

1961 A. Goth Med. Pharmacol. iii. 44 The nicotinic receptors may be divided into the ganglionic receptors, which are hexamethonium sensitive, and the skeletal muscle receptors, which are sensitive to d-tubocurarine.

1970 Nature 5 Dec. 917/1 The pharmacological actions of acetylcholine..outside the central nervous system could be divided into two categories, nicotinic and muscarinic.

1989 Jrnl. Psychopharmacol. 3 iv. 51P Subjects were tested daily with mecamylamine (a nicotinic antagonist).

Compounds

nicotinic acetylcholine receptor n. Physiology a type of protein ion-channel in post-synaptic membranes which opens when acetylcholine binds to it, this binding being blocked by nicotine (acetylcholine receptors were originally differentiated on the basis of their response to nicotine and muscarine).

ΚΠ

1972 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 69 3180/1 The pharmacologic properties of the receptor of cultured embryonic chick muscle resembled those of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor of adult vertebrate muscle.

1995 Amer. Scientist Mar. 131/1 For almost 50 years, the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor on muscle cells has been the object of scrutiny.

nicotinic acid n. Chemistry and Biochemistry a crystalline heterocyclic acid formed by the oxidation of nicotine, which is a vitamin of the B complex, occurs in foods such as yeasts, fish, and meat, and can be synthesized in the body from tryptophan; (C₅H₄N)COOH, 3-pyridinecarboxylic acid; also called niacin, Vitamin B₃.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > organic acids > [noun] > carboxylic acids > miscellaneous others

urobenzoic acid1836

adipic acid1838

azelaic acid1838

isethionic acid1838

rutinic acid1845

rutic acid1848

glyoxylic acid1856

malonic acid1859

piperic acid1863

butalanine1865

methacrylic acid1865

barbituric acid1866

pichuric acid1866

carboxylic acid1868

gluconic acid1871

xylic acid1872

xylidic acid1872

aconic acid1873

formobenzoic1873

nicotinic acid1873

hydracrylic acid1877

undecylenic acid1879

isonicotinic acid1883

isatoic acid1885

linolenic acid1887

hendecenoic acid1889

heptenoic acid1889

mannonic acid1890

phenolcarboxylic acid1893

naphthenic acid1894

aldonic acid1904

naphthaleneacetic acid1917

heptanoic acid1928

hexuronic acid1928

pantothenic acid1933

neuraminic acid1942

pantoic acid1945

penicillanic acid1953

mevalonic acid1957

retinoic acid1960

isobutyric acid-

1873 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 26 509 Acetyl chloride has no action on nicotinic acid.

1942 Industr. & Engin. Chem. (Analyt. ed.) 14 663/1 The dietary position of cereals and cereal products in relation to their pellegra [sic]-preventive attributes has recently been given considerable prominence by the inclusion of nicotinic acid or niacin in the list of required components of enriched flour.

1993 New Republic 16 Aug. 40/3 If I had made it twenty minutes sooner, they would have been able to inject nicotinic acid and save the eye.

nicotinic amide n. Chemistry and Biochemistry (now rare) = nicotinamide n.

ΚΠ

1937 Biochem. Jrnl. 31 966 (title) The activities of nicotinic amide, aneurin (vitamin B₁), and related compounds.

1952 G. H. Bourne Cytol. & Cell Physiol. (ed. 2) viii. 339 The enzymes of this group contain nicotinic amide..as well as adenine.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	nicotinic
释义	nicotinicadj. Brit. /ˌnɪkəˈtɪnɪk/, /ˌnɪkəˈtiːnɪk/, U.S. /ˌnɪkəˈtɪnɪk/, /ˌnɪkəˈtinɪk/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: nicotine n., -ic suffix. Etymology: < nicotine n. + -ic suffix. Compare French nicotinique (1878, replacing earlier nicotique : see nicotic adj.).In nicotinic acid (see Compounds) after German Nicotinsäure (H. Weidel 1873, in Ann. der Chem. u. Pharm. 165 330). †1. Relating to the use of tobacco; = nicotian adj. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > tobacco > [adjective] tobaccical1604 nicotian1609 tobacconalian1835 tobacconian1835 tobaccoy1840 tobaccose1845 nicotinica1847 tobaccofied1846 nicotinian1864 tobaccoic1878 tobaccoed1893 a1847 W. Lambe Water & Vegetable Diet (1850) vii. 108 I seized my large-bowled and elegant Chinese pipe—my favorite mode of indulging in the nicotinic pleasures. 2. Physiology. Having or designating a physiological action or effect similar to that of nicotine, esp. on certain receptors in the nervous system; (of a receptor) capable of responding to nicotine (cf. nicotinic acetylcholine receptor n. at Compounds). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > poisons > [adjective] muscarinic1941 nicotinic1941 the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > alkaloids > [adjective] > of or relating to nicotine nicotic1857 nicotinic1941 1941 L. S. Goodman & A. Z. Gilman Pharmacol. Basis Therapeutics xix. 339 The nicotinic and muscarinic actions of acetylcholine can be strikingly demonstrated on the intestinal tract of..the tench. 1961 A. Goth Med. Pharmacol. iii. 44 The nicotinic receptors may be divided into the ganglionic receptors, which are hexamethonium sensitive, and the skeletal muscle receptors, which are sensitive to d-tubocurarine. 1970 Nature 5 Dec. 917/1 The pharmacological actions of acetylcholine..outside the central nervous system could be divided into two categories, nicotinic and muscarinic. 1989 Jrnl. Psychopharmacol. 3 iv. 51P Subjects were tested daily with mecamylamine (a nicotinic antagonist). Compounds nicotinic acetylcholine receptor n. Physiology a type of protein ion-channel in post-synaptic membranes which opens when acetylcholine binds to it, this binding being blocked by nicotine (acetylcholine receptors were originally differentiated on the basis of their response to nicotine and muscarine). ΚΠ 1972 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 69 3180/1 The pharmacologic properties of the receptor of cultured embryonic chick muscle resembled those of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor of adult vertebrate muscle. 1995 Amer. Scientist Mar. 131/1 For almost 50 years, the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor on muscle cells has been the object of scrutiny. nicotinic acid n. Chemistry and Biochemistry a crystalline heterocyclic acid formed by the oxidation of nicotine, which is a vitamin of the B complex, occurs in foods such as yeasts, fish, and meat, and can be synthesized in the body from tryptophan; (C₅H₄N)COOH, 3-pyridinecarboxylic acid; also called niacin, Vitamin B₃. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > organic acids > [noun] > carboxylic acids > miscellaneous others urobenzoic acid1836 adipic acid1838 azelaic acid1838 isethionic acid1838 rutinic acid1845 rutic acid1848 glyoxylic acid1856 malonic acid1859 piperic acid1863 butalanine1865 methacrylic acid1865 barbituric acid1866 pichuric acid1866 carboxylic acid1868 gluconic acid1871 xylic acid1872 xylidic acid1872 aconic acid1873 formobenzoic1873 nicotinic acid1873 hydracrylic acid1877 undecylenic acid1879 isonicotinic acid1883 isatoic acid1885 linolenic acid1887 hendecenoic acid1889 heptenoic acid1889 mannonic acid1890 phenolcarboxylic acid1893 naphthenic acid1894 aldonic acid1904 naphthaleneacetic acid1917 heptanoic acid1928 hexuronic acid1928 pantothenic acid1933 neuraminic acid1942 pantoic acid1945 penicillanic acid1953 mevalonic acid1957 retinoic acid1960 isobutyric acid- 1873 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 26 509 Acetyl chloride has no action on nicotinic acid. 1942 Industr. & Engin. Chem. (Analyt. ed.) 14 663/1 The dietary position of cereals and cereal products in relation to their pellegra [sic]-preventive attributes has recently been given considerable prominence by the inclusion of nicotinic acid or niacin in the list of required components of enriched flour. 1993 New Republic 16 Aug. 40/3 If I had made it twenty minutes sooner, they would have been able to inject nicotinic acid and save the eye. nicotinic amide n. Chemistry and Biochemistry (now rare) = nicotinamide n. ΚΠ 1937 Biochem. Jrnl. 31 966 (title) The activities of nicotinic amide, aneurin (vitamin B₁), and related compounds. 1952 G. H. Bourne Cytol. & Cell Physiol. (ed. 2) viii. 339 The enzymes of this group contain nicotinic amide..as well as adenine. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.a1847
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