Ngokon.

Brit.

/(ə)ˈŋəʊkəʊ/, U.S.

/(ə)ˈŋoʊkoʊ/

Forms: also with lower-case initial.

Origin: A borrowing from Javanese. Etymon: Javanese Ngoko.

Etymology: < Javanese Ngoko (also as ngoko ), probably < ko you, familiar 2nd person pronoun. Compare tutoyer v.

In Indonesia: a Javanese speech style used among intimates or when speaking to people of lower social status. Cf. Kromo n.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Austric > [noun] > Austronesian > Sundic > Javanese > varieties of

Kawi1817

Kromo1817

Ngoko1893

1893 W. B. Worsfold Visit to Java xiii. 228 Two forms of modern Javanese are employed in everyday speech. First, the language of ceremony, called Krama; and secondly, the common speech, or Ngoko (meaning literally the thou-ing speech).

1925 P. Radin tr. J. Vendryes Language iv. ii. 257 Among the natives of Java, a superior speaks to his inferior in Ngoko, but the inferior answers in Kromo.

1948 D. Diringer Alphabet vii. 424 Ngoko, the language of the commoner.

1963 R. T. McVey Indonesia x. 443 Semar..speaks to the god in Ngoko (low Javanese) and is answered in high Javanese.

1974 E. Clark Horne Javanese-Eng. Dict. xxxii Between Ngoko and Krama is a middle style, Madya..with about 35 items of its own and characterized otherwise by the use of Krama words (where available) and Ngoko affixes.

1992 Internat. Encycl. Linguistics II. 255/1 Ngoko is the basic and most sincere language: it is used for talking to oneself, for getting angry, and for speaking to one's intimates or to people below one in the social scale.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	ngoko
释义	Ngokon. Brit. /(ə)ˈŋəʊkəʊ/, U.S. /(ə)ˈŋoʊkoʊ/ Forms: also with lower-case initial. Origin: A borrowing from Javanese. Etymon: Javanese Ngoko. Etymology: < Javanese Ngoko (also as ngoko ), probably < ko you, familiar 2nd person pronoun. Compare tutoyer v. In Indonesia: a Javanese speech style used among intimates or when speaking to people of lower social status. Cf. Kromo n. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Austric > [noun] > Austronesian > Sundic > Javanese > varieties of Kawi1817 Kromo1817 Ngoko1893 1893 W. B. Worsfold Visit to Java xiii. 228 Two forms of modern Javanese are employed in everyday speech. First, the language of ceremony, called Krama; and secondly, the common speech, or Ngoko (meaning literally the thou-ing speech). 1925 P. Radin tr. J. Vendryes Language iv. ii. 257 Among the natives of Java, a superior speaks to his inferior in Ngoko, but the inferior answers in Kromo. 1948 D. Diringer Alphabet vii. 424 Ngoko, the language of the commoner. 1963 R. T. McVey Indonesia x. 443 Semar..speaks to the god in Ngoko (low Javanese) and is answered in high Javanese. 1974 E. Clark Horne Javanese-Eng. Dict. xxxii Between Ngoko and Krama is a middle style, Madya..with about 35 items of its own and characterized otherwise by the use of Krama words (where available) and Ngoko affixes. 1992 Internat. Encycl. Linguistics II. 255/1 Ngoko is the basic and most sincere language: it is used for talking to oneself, for getting angry, and for speaking to one's intimates or to people below one in the social scale. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1893
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