nephriten.adj.

Brit.

/ˈnɛfrʌɪt/, U.S.

/ˈnɛˌfraɪt/

Forms: 1700s nephrit, 1800s– nephrite.

Origin: A borrowing from Greek, combined with an English element; modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: Greek νεϕρός , -ite suffix¹.

Etymology: < ancient Greek νεϕρός kidney (see nephro- comb. form), in allusion to its supposed efficacy in kidney disease (see jade n.²) + -ite suffix¹, after German Nephrit (A. G. Werner Cronstedt's Versuch einer Mineralogie (1780)). Compare French néphrite (1798). Compare nephritic stone n. at nephritic n. and adj.¹ Compounds.

Mineralogy.

A. n.

The commoner of the two forms of jade, a monoclinic silicate of calcium, magnesium, and ferrous iron which is a variety of actinolite and usually occurs as compact green fibrous aggregates with an oily lustre. Cf. jadeite n.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > jade > [noun]

nephritic stone1653

greenstone1658

jade1728

pounamua1771

jade-stone1775

nephrite1794

jadeite1868

ox-stone1877

kawa-kawa1880

mutton fat1912

spinach jade1958

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > amphibole (double chain) > [noun] > nephrite

nephritic stone1653

greenstone1658

jade1728

jade-stone1775

nephrite1794

kawa-kawa1880

spinach jade1958

1794 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) I. 171 Jade. Nephrit of Werner.

1816 P. Cleaveland Elem. Treat. Mineral. & Geol. 272 Nephrite does not receive a brilliant polish.

1865 J. Lubbock Prehist. Times v. 132 Flint was sometimes used, and nephrite, or jade, in a few cases.

1879 F. Rutley Study of Rocks x. 131 Nephrite or jade is in part a tough compact fine-grained tremolite.

1909 Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. 65 378 The uralitized pyroxenes..have not been transformed into true nephrite.

1937 Burlington Mag. June 300/2 A fine example of the bold relief of the K'ang-hsi period is a bowl of spinach-green nephrite.

1996 N. Te Awekotuku in D. C. Starzecka Maori Art & Culture ii. 45 Nephrite was thus the medium for decorative, talismanic and functional devices.

B. adj.

Made from nephrite.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > amphibole (double chain) > [adjective] > nephrite

nephritic1803

nephrite1851

1851 Official Descriptive & Illustr. Catal. Great Exhib. V. 1424/2 Nephrite or jade-stone cup.

1893 Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. 22 398 (heading) Nephrite hatchet from British New Guinea.

1949 P. Buck Coming of Maori ii. vi. 188 The ceremonial adze termed toki pou tangate was formed of a nephrite adze lashed to a carved haft.

1978 Christie's Internat. (Geneva) Sale Catal.: Fine Objects of Vertu 25 Apr. 78 A German rectangular paste-set gold-mounted nephrite presentation snuff-box.

1991 Antiquity 65 927/2 During the Middle phase, labrets, ground slate, nephrite adze blades, pecked and ground stone, socketed points, red-ochre pigment balls and shaman mirrors all appeared.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	nephrite
释义	nephriten.adj. Brit. /ˈnɛfrʌɪt/, U.S. /ˈnɛˌfraɪt/ Forms: 1700s nephrit, 1800s– nephrite. Origin: A borrowing from Greek, combined with an English element; modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: Greek νεϕρός , -ite suffix¹. Etymology: < ancient Greek νεϕρός kidney (see nephro- comb. form), in allusion to its supposed efficacy in kidney disease (see jade n.²) + -ite suffix¹, after German Nephrit (A. G. Werner Cronstedt's Versuch einer Mineralogie (1780)). Compare French néphrite (1798). Compare nephritic stone n. at nephritic n. and adj.¹ Compounds. Mineralogy. A. n. The commoner of the two forms of jade, a monoclinic silicate of calcium, magnesium, and ferrous iron which is a variety of actinolite and usually occurs as compact green fibrous aggregates with an oily lustre. Cf. jadeite n. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > jade > [noun] nephritic stone1653 greenstone1658 jade1728 pounamua1771 jade-stone1775 nephrite1794 jadeite1868 ox-stone1877 kawa-kawa1880 mutton fat1912 spinach jade1958 the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > amphibole (double chain) > [noun] > nephrite nephritic stone1653 greenstone1658 jade1728 jade-stone1775 nephrite1794 kawa-kawa1880 spinach jade1958 1794 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) I. 171 Jade. Nephrit of Werner. 1816 P. Cleaveland Elem. Treat. Mineral. & Geol. 272 Nephrite does not receive a brilliant polish. 1865 J. Lubbock Prehist. Times v. 132 Flint was sometimes used, and nephrite, or jade, in a few cases. 1879 F. Rutley Study of Rocks x. 131 Nephrite or jade is in part a tough compact fine-grained tremolite. 1909 Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. 65 378 The uralitized pyroxenes..have not been transformed into true nephrite. 1937 Burlington Mag. June 300/2 A fine example of the bold relief of the K'ang-hsi period is a bowl of spinach-green nephrite. 1996 N. Te Awekotuku in D. C. Starzecka Maori Art & Culture ii. 45 Nephrite was thus the medium for decorative, talismanic and functional devices. B. adj. Made from nephrite. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > amphibole (double chain) > [adjective] > nephrite nephritic1803 nephrite1851 1851 Official Descriptive & Illustr. Catal. Great Exhib. V. 1424/2 Nephrite or jade-stone cup. 1893 Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. 22 398 (heading) Nephrite hatchet from British New Guinea. 1949 P. Buck Coming of Maori ii. vi. 188 The ceremonial adze termed toki pou tangate was formed of a nephrite adze lashed to a carved haft. 1978 Christie's Internat. (Geneva) Sale Catal.: Fine Objects of Vertu 25 Apr. 78 A German rectangular paste-set gold-mounted nephrite presentation snuff-box. 1991 Antiquity 65 927/2 During the Middle phase, labrets, ground slate, nephrite adze blades, pecked and ground stone, socketed points, red-ochre pigment balls and shaman mirrors all appeared. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1794
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