neutrophiladj.n.

Brit.

/ˈnjuːtrəfɪl/, U.S.

/ˈn(j)utrəˌfɪl/

Forms: 1800s– neutrophil, 1800s– neutrophile.

Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German neutrophil.

Etymology: < German neutrophil (P. Ehrlich 1880, in Zeitschr. f. klin. Med. 1 558) < neutro- neutro- comb. form + -phil -phile comb. form.

A. adj.

1. Biology and Medicine. Of a cell or cellular component: that stains with neutral stains; not strongly acidophilic or basophilic; spec. designating the cytoplasmic granules of polymorphonuclear leucocytes, or the cells themselves.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > substance > staining quality of substance > [adjective]

basophil1890

neutrophil1890

neutrophilic1893

oxyphil1893

oxyphilous1893

basophilic1894

basophilous1894

metachromatic1894

polychromatophilic1897

polychromatophil1898

chromophil1899

chromophilic1899

chromophobic1899

orthochromatic1899

polychromatic1899

pycnomorphous1899

fuchsinophil1900

neutrophilous1900

carminophilous1901

chromatoid1901

oxyphilic1901

pyknotic1902

sudanophil1902

chromaffin1903

metachromic1908

chromophobe1909

phaeochrome1909

sudanophilic1909

trachychromatic1909

polychromasic1911

chromaffinic1913

osmiophilic1923

osmophile1923

Feulgen-negative1928

fuchsinophilic1931

heteropycnotic1934

osmophilic1936

isopycnotic1950

Feulgen-positive1954

1890 Cent. Dict. Neutrophile, in histol. and bacteriol., staining with dyes of neutral reaction.

1893 N.Y. Med. Jrnl. 57 3/2 The neutrophile granules of the polynuclear cells are not stained by this solution.

1918 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 208 280 They appear to lie in a neutrophile area or zone, which..gradually merges into the basophile fibrillar system.

1929 Q. Rev. Biol. 4 348/1 There are three types of cells [sic] in the pars anterior of the hypophysis—namely, eosinophile, basophile, and neutrophile.

1949 H. W. C. Vines Green's Man. Pathol. (ed. 17) xxii. 567 The myelocytes... They are of three types, containing respectively neutrophil, or acidophil, or basophil granules in their cytoplasm.

1973 Daily Tel. 2 Oct. 19/2 Neutrophil cells in a healthy person are usually six per cent. of the total number of white blood cells.

1998 Internat. Jrnl. Oncol. 12 535 Immunofluorescence staining localized immunoreactive PMN [= polymorphonuclear] elastase mainly to neutrophile granulocytes.

2. Biology and Medicine. Of, relating to, or involving polymorphonuclear leucocytes (neutrophils).

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > substance > cell > types of cells > [adjective] > phagocytic cells > leucocyte or lymphocyte

cytoid1853

lymphocytic1896

macrophagic1904

lymphoblastic1905

littoral1930

neutrophil1930

1930 H. Downey in E. T. Bell Text-bk. Pathol. xxviii. 599 In pernicious anemia we see an example of neutrophile hypoleukocytosis.

1952 Biometrics 8 55 The neutrophil and lymphocyte counts..are in some ways better indices of radiation effect than the total white cell count.

1980 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 77 595/2 We have previously shown that the Mo cells elaborate..a mediator (neutrophil-inhibitory factor) that inhibits the migration of mature neutrophils in vitro.

1993 S. J. Ettinger Pocket Compan. Textbk. Vet. Internal Med. cxiv. 742 Although..the Birman cat neutrophil anomaly is of little consequence, it must be differentiated from toxic granulation and mucopolysaccharidosis type VI.

2000 Jrnl. Biochem. & Molecular Toxicol. 14 Kupffer cell activation and neutrophil infiltration are important events in the toxic process.

B. n.

1. Biology and Medicine. A polymorphonuclear leucocyte.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > substance > cell > types of cells > [noun] > cells with reference to staining

neutrophil1897

basophil1898

chromophil1899

thorn1899

acidophil1900

chromophobe1909

phaeochromocyte1929

1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. IV. 578 These leucocytes are often called ‘neutrophiles’.

1933 Q. Rev. Biol. 8 64/2 The slightly smaller daughter cells of original hemoblasts develop into neutrophils.

1954 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 3 July 6 A solitary chromatin nodule..becomes separated off from the main nuclear lobes in a proportion of the neutrophils.

1973 Daily Tel. 2 Oct. 19/2 An increase of neutrophils to 12 per cent. in a two-year-old is a thoroughly satisfactory reaction to an ear infection.

1988 Sci. Amer. July 34/2 The neutrophil is essential in the host's defense against bacteria and some fungi.

1993 N.Y. Times 9 Nov. c14/2 Once released into a wounded area, the factor..stimulates immune cells like macrophages and neutrophils.

2. Botany and Microbiology. In form neutrophile. An organism, esp. a microorganism, that grows best in a medium with neutral pH. Cf. earlier neutrophilous adj. 2, and also neutrophilic adj. 2.

ΚΠ

1932 G. D. Fuller & H. S. Conard tr. J. Braun-Blanquet Plant Sociol. xiii. 314 In the initial phase of the snow-slide association of the Arabidetum coeruleae acidophiles are lacking and basophiles predominate over neutrophiles.

1978 Microbios 20 99 Less detailed tests on a range of soil streptomycetes showed that the differences between acidophiles and neutrophiles were consistent.

1996 Yale Jrnl. Biol. & Med. 69 301 H[elicobacter] pylori is an acid-tolerant neutrophile due to urease activity, but urease activity also limits its survival to an acidic environment.

2000 Extremophiles 4 305 Most of the bacteria that were obtained in pure culture were familiar acidophiles and neutrophiles.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	neutrophil
释义	neutrophiladj.n. Brit. /ˈnjuːtrəfɪl/, U.S. /ˈn(j)utrəˌfɪl/ Forms: 1800s– neutrophil, 1800s– neutrophile. Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German neutrophil. Etymology: < German neutrophil (P. Ehrlich 1880, in Zeitschr. f. klin. Med. 1 558) < neutro- neutro- comb. form + -phil -phile comb. form. A. adj. 1. Biology and Medicine. Of a cell or cellular component: that stains with neutral stains; not strongly acidophilic or basophilic; spec. designating the cytoplasmic granules of polymorphonuclear leucocytes, or the cells themselves. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > substance > staining quality of substance > [adjective] basophil1890 neutrophil1890 neutrophilic1893 oxyphil1893 oxyphilous1893 basophilic1894 basophilous1894 metachromatic1894 polychromatophilic1897 polychromatophil1898 chromophil1899 chromophilic1899 chromophobic1899 orthochromatic1899 polychromatic1899 pycnomorphous1899 fuchsinophil1900 neutrophilous1900 carminophilous1901 chromatoid1901 oxyphilic1901 pyknotic1902 sudanophil1902 chromaffin1903 metachromic1908 chromophobe1909 phaeochrome1909 sudanophilic1909 trachychromatic1909 polychromasic1911 chromaffinic1913 osmiophilic1923 osmophile1923 Feulgen-negative1928 fuchsinophilic1931 heteropycnotic1934 osmophilic1936 isopycnotic1950 Feulgen-positive1954 1890 Cent. Dict. Neutrophile, in histol. and bacteriol., staining with dyes of neutral reaction. 1893 N.Y. Med. Jrnl. 57 3/2 The neutrophile granules of the polynuclear cells are not stained by this solution. 1918 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 208 280 They appear to lie in a neutrophile area or zone, which..gradually merges into the basophile fibrillar system. 1929 Q. Rev. Biol. 4 348/1 There are three types of cells [sic] in the pars anterior of the hypophysis—namely, eosinophile, basophile, and neutrophile. 1949 H. W. C. Vines Green's Man. Pathol. (ed. 17) xxii. 567 The myelocytes... They are of three types, containing respectively neutrophil, or acidophil, or basophil granules in their cytoplasm. 1973 Daily Tel. 2 Oct. 19/2 Neutrophil cells in a healthy person are usually six per cent. of the total number of white blood cells. 1998 Internat. Jrnl. Oncol. 12 535 Immunofluorescence staining localized immunoreactive PMN [= polymorphonuclear] elastase mainly to neutrophile granulocytes. 2. Biology and Medicine. Of, relating to, or involving polymorphonuclear leucocytes (neutrophils). ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > substance > cell > types of cells > [adjective] > phagocytic cells > leucocyte or lymphocyte cytoid1853 lymphocytic1896 macrophagic1904 lymphoblastic1905 littoral1930 neutrophil1930 1930 H. Downey in E. T. Bell Text-bk. Pathol. xxviii. 599 In pernicious anemia we see an example of neutrophile hypoleukocytosis. 1952 Biometrics 8 55 The neutrophil and lymphocyte counts..are in some ways better indices of radiation effect than the total white cell count. 1980 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 77 595/2 We have previously shown that the Mo cells elaborate..a mediator (neutrophil-inhibitory factor) that inhibits the migration of mature neutrophils in vitro. 1993 S. J. Ettinger Pocket Compan. Textbk. Vet. Internal Med. cxiv. 742 Although..the Birman cat neutrophil anomaly is of little consequence, it must be differentiated from toxic granulation and mucopolysaccharidosis type VI. 2000 Jrnl. Biochem. & Molecular Toxicol. 14 Kupffer cell activation and neutrophil infiltration are important events in the toxic process. B. n. 1. Biology and Medicine. A polymorphonuclear leucocyte. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > substance > cell > types of cells > [noun] > cells with reference to staining neutrophil1897 basophil1898 chromophil1899 thorn1899 acidophil1900 chromophobe1909 phaeochromocyte1929 1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. IV. 578 These leucocytes are often called ‘neutrophiles’. 1933 Q. Rev. Biol. 8 64/2 The slightly smaller daughter cells of original hemoblasts develop into neutrophils. 1954 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 3 July 6 A solitary chromatin nodule..becomes separated off from the main nuclear lobes in a proportion of the neutrophils. 1973 Daily Tel. 2 Oct. 19/2 An increase of neutrophils to 12 per cent. in a two-year-old is a thoroughly satisfactory reaction to an ear infection. 1988 Sci. Amer. July 34/2 The neutrophil is essential in the host's defense against bacteria and some fungi. 1993 N.Y. Times 9 Nov. c14/2 Once released into a wounded area, the factor..stimulates immune cells like macrophages and neutrophils. 2. Botany and Microbiology. In form neutrophile. An organism, esp. a microorganism, that grows best in a medium with neutral pH. Cf. earlier neutrophilous adj. 2, and also neutrophilic adj. 2. ΚΠ 1932 G. D. Fuller & H. S. Conard tr. J. Braun-Blanquet Plant Sociol. xiii. 314 In the initial phase of the snow-slide association of the Arabidetum coeruleae acidophiles are lacking and basophiles predominate over neutrophiles. 1978 Microbios 20 99 Less detailed tests on a range of soil streptomycetes showed that the differences between acidophiles and neutrophiles were consistent. 1996 Yale Jrnl. Biol. & Med. 69 301 H[elicobacter] pylori is an acid-tolerant neutrophile due to urease activity, but urease activity also limits its survival to an acidic environment. 2000 Extremophiles 4 305 Most of the bacteria that were obtained in pure culture were familiar acidophiles and neutrophiles. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1890
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