natural historyn.

Brit.

/ˌnatʃ(ə)rəl ˈhɪst(ə)ri/,

/ˌnatʃ(ə)rl̩ ˈhɪst(ə)ri/, U.S.

/ˌnætʃər(ə)l ˈhɪst(ə)ri/,

/ˌnætʃr(ə)l ˈhɪst(ə)ri/

Forms: 1500s natural historie, 1500s naturall history, 1500s–1600s naturall historie, 1600s– natural history; Scottish pre-1700 naturale history.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; modelled on a Latin lexical item. Etymons: natural adj., history n.

Etymology: < natural adj. + history n., after classical Latin nātūrālis historia (especially as the title of a work by the elder Pliny), itself after ancient Greek ϕυσικὴ ἱστορία (Aristotle). Compare Middle French, French histoire naturelle a work on the natural world (mid 16th cent.), the branch of knowledge that deals with all natural objects (1765).

1. A work dealing with the properties of natural objects, plants, or animals; a systematic account based on observation rather than experiment. Now chiefly in the titles of books dealing with the wildlife of a particular region or the biology of particular organisms.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > study > [noun] > natural history > work of

Physiologeta1300

history1534

natural history1534

life cycle1855

life history1856

nature notes1890

1534 J. Fewterer tr. U. Pinder Myrrour Christes Passion f. iiii^v And if yet thou continue in thy stubbernes and harde herte, for perauenture thy herte is tourned in to the hardnes of a Dyamant, whiche can neuer be broken but with the hote blode of a gote, as Plinius sayth in his naturall historie.

1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest (title) A Greene Forest, or a natural Historie, wherein may bee seene the most sufferaigne Vertues in all the whole kinde of Stones and Mettals; of Brute Beastes, Fowles, Fishes [etc.].

a1600 (?c1535) tr. H. Boece Hist. Scotl. (Mar Lodge) (1946) v. iii. f.169 Plinius the secund, quhilk wrate the naturale historyis.

1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies iii. i. 117 Every naturall Historie is of it selfe pleasing, and very profitable.

1626 F. Bacon New Atlantis (1658) 16 That Natural History, which he wrote of all plants.

1693 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 17 667 [Mr. Bannister] was most likely to have given us a very good Natural History of that place.

1831 J. Rennie Montagu's Ornithol. Dict. (ed. 2) p. xxxi Nobody..could ever dream of designating any of these [works]..a Natural History.

1855 A. Bain Senses & Intellect ii. i. 83 To give a Natural History of the feelings, is one of the professed objects of the science of mind.

1900 L. F. Baum Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1979) xxi. 203 There were tigers and elephants and bears and wolves and foxes and all the others in the natural history.

1959 H. J. Fleure (title) A natural history of man in Britain: conceived as a study of changing relations between men and environments.

1970 18th-cent. Stud. 4 169 One of the most delightful illustrated natural histories published in the eighteenth century.

1995 C. Swan (title) Africa: a natural history.

a. The facts relating to the natural objects, plants, or animals of a place; the natural phenomena of a region as observed or described systematically.Frequently in the titles of works, and so tending to pass into sense 1.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > record > [noun] > a record > life or case history

lifeeOE

natural history1555

biography1806

antecedents1828

pedigree1852

case history1868

case study1914

1555 R. Eden tr. G. F. de Oviedo y Valdés Summarie Gen. Hist. W. Indies in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 174 Plinie, who..hathe wrytten in xxxvii. bookes al that perteyneth to the naturall historie.

1593 G. Harvey Pierces Supererogation 163 Let him read the naturall histories of the Asse, and the Sheepe, in Aristotle, Pliny, or Gesner.

1677 R. Plot (title) The natural history of Oxford-shire, being an essay toward the natural history of England.

1768 Philos. Trans. 1767 (Royal Soc.) 57 111 The natural history of these..insects is sufficiently known.

1797 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 645/1 A short sketch of what may be called the natural history of the physical sciences.

1805 T. Weaver tr. A. G. Werner Treat. Fossils 1 Mineralogy or the natural history of fossils.

1930 J. Grinell et al. (title) Vertebrate natural history of a section of northern California through the Lassen Peak region.

1951 L. S. West (title) The housefly: its natural history, medical importance and control.

1989 Yankee May 26 The huge Rhododendron maximums..are vestiges of a milder period in the region's natural history.

1991 C. A. Ronan (title) The natural history of the universe.

b. In extended use: the details of any subject, esp. as regarded chronologically.

ΚΠ

1757 D. Hume Four Diss. (title of essay) The natural history of religion.

1868 H. T. Tuckerman Collector 127 The natural history of the doctor has not yet been written, but the classes are easily nomenclated.

1897 M. Kingsley Trav. W. Afr. 621 I..got a good deal of material for a work on the Natural History of Governors which I do not intend to publish.

1968 Brit. Jrnl. Psychiatry 114 525/1 Before we can evaluate any therapeutic method we must first know the ‘natural history’ of the illness, in other words the course and outcome without treatment.

1988 Update 15 Oct. 676/2 By repeated examinations, the natural history of a suspect hip can thus be sonographically documented.

a. Originally: †the branch of knowledge that dealt with all natural objects, animal, vegetable, and mineral (obsolete). Now: the study of animals and other living organisms, esp. as presented in a popular rather than in a strictly scientific manner. In later use frequently attributive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > study > [noun] > natural history

natural science?a1425

natural story?a1475

physiology1564

natural history1662

naturalizing1832

nature study1873

1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors 47 Many other stories were told us..relating more to natural History [Fr. l'histoire naturelle] than Travels.

1682 N. Grew Anat. Plants Pref. sig. A Without shewing any purpose of managing this Part of Natural History.

1766 J. Fordyce Serm. Young Women II. vii. 22 Of Natural Philosophy I consider Natural History as a part.

1785 Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts & Sci. 1 5 The society are to encourage the knowledge of the natural history of the country, and to determine the uses, to which its various natural productions may be applied.

1816 M. Keating Trav. (1817) I. 109 Another incident in natural history..is..Toads eat larks!

1851 Lit. Gaz. 12 July 483/1 The Natural History Section of the British Association.

1854 C. Kingsley in N. Brit. Rev. Nov. 4 It is a question whether Natural History would have ever attained its present honours, had not Geology arisen.

1877 Nature 21 June 137/1 The organisation of natural history museums.

1893 A. Newton et al. Dict. Birds: Pt. 1 p. vii Persons indifferent to the pleasures of Natural History, except when highly-coloured pictures are presented to them by popular writers.

1941 Symposium Hydrobiol. 3 Hydrobiology is an offshoot from the old maternal rootstock of natural history.

1966 V. Nabokov Speak, Memory (U.S. rev. ed.) x. 196 From his earliest boyhood, he was absolutely fearless, but was squeamish and wary of ‘natural history’, could not make himself touch wriggly things.

1995 J. Miller Voxpop iii. 59 A high-speed technician shooting an underwater scene for a BBC natural history programme.

†b. Things that form the subject matter of natural history. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1752 Philos. Trans. 1749–50 (Royal Soc.) 46 6 An Account of Glasses..for preserving Pieces of Anatomy or Natural History in spirituous Liquors.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	natural history
释义	natural historyn. Brit. /ˌnatʃ(ə)rəl ˈhɪst(ə)ri/, /ˌnatʃ(ə)rl̩ ˈhɪst(ə)ri/, U.S. /ˌnætʃər(ə)l ˈhɪst(ə)ri/, /ˌnætʃr(ə)l ˈhɪst(ə)ri/ Forms: 1500s natural historie, 1500s naturall history, 1500s–1600s naturall historie, 1600s– natural history; Scottish pre-1700 naturale history. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; modelled on a Latin lexical item. Etymons: natural adj., history n. Etymology: < natural adj. + history n., after classical Latin nātūrālis historia (especially as the title of a work by the elder Pliny), itself after ancient Greek ϕυσικὴ ἱστορία (Aristotle). Compare Middle French, French histoire naturelle a work on the natural world (mid 16th cent.), the branch of knowledge that deals with all natural objects (1765). 1. A work dealing with the properties of natural objects, plants, or animals; a systematic account based on observation rather than experiment. Now chiefly in the titles of books dealing with the wildlife of a particular region or the biology of particular organisms. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > study > [noun] > natural history > work of Physiologeta1300 history1534 natural history1534 life cycle1855 life history1856 nature notes1890 1534 J. Fewterer tr. U. Pinder Myrrour Christes Passion f. iiii^v And if yet thou continue in thy stubbernes and harde herte, for perauenture thy herte is tourned in to the hardnes of a Dyamant, whiche can neuer be broken but with the hote blode of a gote, as Plinius sayth in his naturall historie. 1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest (title) A Greene Forest, or a natural Historie, wherein may bee seene the most sufferaigne Vertues in all the whole kinde of Stones and Mettals; of Brute Beastes, Fowles, Fishes [etc.]. a1600 (?c1535) tr. H. Boece Hist. Scotl. (Mar Lodge) (1946) v. iii. f.169 Plinius the secund, quhilk wrate the naturale historyis. 1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies iii. i. 117 Every naturall Historie is of it selfe pleasing, and very profitable. 1626 F. Bacon New Atlantis (1658) 16 That Natural History, which he wrote of all plants. 1693 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 17 667 [Mr. Bannister] was most likely to have given us a very good Natural History of that place. 1831 J. Rennie Montagu's Ornithol. Dict. (ed. 2) p. xxxi Nobody..could ever dream of designating any of these [works]..a Natural History. 1855 A. Bain Senses & Intellect ii. i. 83 To give a Natural History of the feelings, is one of the professed objects of the science of mind. 1900 L. F. Baum Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1979) xxi. 203 There were tigers and elephants and bears and wolves and foxes and all the others in the natural history. 1959 H. J. Fleure (title) A natural history of man in Britain: conceived as a study of changing relations between men and environments. 1970 18th-cent. Stud. 4 169 One of the most delightful illustrated natural histories published in the eighteenth century. 1995 C. Swan (title) Africa: a natural history. 2. a. The facts relating to the natural objects, plants, or animals of a place; the natural phenomena of a region as observed or described systematically.Frequently in the titles of works, and so tending to pass into sense 1. ΘΚΠ society > communication > record > [noun] > a record > life or case history lifeeOE natural history1555 biography1806 antecedents1828 pedigree1852 case history1868 case study1914 1555 R. Eden tr. G. F. de Oviedo y Valdés Summarie Gen. Hist. W. Indies in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 174 Plinie, who..hathe wrytten in xxxvii. bookes al that perteyneth to the naturall historie. 1593 G. Harvey Pierces Supererogation 163 Let him read the naturall histories of the Asse, and the Sheepe, in Aristotle, Pliny, or Gesner. 1677 R. Plot (title) The natural history of Oxford-shire, being an essay toward the natural history of England. 1768 Philos. Trans. 1767 (Royal Soc.) 57 111 The natural history of these..insects is sufficiently known. 1797 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 645/1 A short sketch of what may be called the natural history of the physical sciences. 1805 T. Weaver tr. A. G. Werner Treat. Fossils 1 Mineralogy or the natural history of fossils. 1930 J. Grinell et al. (title) Vertebrate natural history of a section of northern California through the Lassen Peak region. 1951 L. S. West (title) The housefly: its natural history, medical importance and control. 1989 Yankee May 26 The huge Rhododendron maximums..are vestiges of a milder period in the region's natural history. 1991 C. A. Ronan (title) The natural history of the universe. b. In extended use: the details of any subject, esp. as regarded chronologically. ΚΠ 1757 D. Hume Four Diss. (title of essay) The natural history of religion. 1868 H. T. Tuckerman Collector 127 The natural history of the doctor has not yet been written, but the classes are easily nomenclated. 1897 M. Kingsley Trav. W. Afr. 621 I..got a good deal of material for a work on the Natural History of Governors which I do not intend to publish. 1968 Brit. Jrnl. Psychiatry 114 525/1 Before we can evaluate any therapeutic method we must first know the ‘natural history’ of the illness, in other words the course and outcome without treatment. 1988 Update 15 Oct. 676/2 By repeated examinations, the natural history of a suspect hip can thus be sonographically documented. 3. a. Originally: †the branch of knowledge that dealt with all natural objects, animal, vegetable, and mineral (obsolete). Now: the study of animals and other living organisms, esp. as presented in a popular rather than in a strictly scientific manner. In later use frequently attributive. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > study > [noun] > natural history natural science?a1425 natural story?a1475 physiology1564 natural history1662 naturalizing1832 nature study1873 1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors 47 Many other stories were told us..relating more to natural History [Fr. l'histoire naturelle] than Travels. 1682 N. Grew Anat. Plants Pref. sig. A Without shewing any purpose of managing this Part of Natural History. 1766 J. Fordyce Serm. Young Women II. vii. 22 Of Natural Philosophy I consider Natural History as a part. 1785 Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts & Sci. 1 5 The society are to encourage the knowledge of the natural history of the country, and to determine the uses, to which its various natural productions may be applied. 1816 M. Keating Trav. (1817) I. 109 Another incident in natural history..is..Toads eat larks! 1851 Lit. Gaz. 12 July 483/1 The Natural History Section of the British Association. 1854 C. Kingsley in N. Brit. Rev. Nov. 4 It is a question whether Natural History would have ever attained its present honours, had not Geology arisen. 1877 Nature 21 June 137/1 The organisation of natural history museums. 1893 A. Newton et al. Dict. Birds: Pt. 1 p. vii Persons indifferent to the pleasures of Natural History, except when highly-coloured pictures are presented to them by popular writers. 1941 Symposium Hydrobiol. 3 Hydrobiology is an offshoot from the old maternal rootstock of natural history. 1966 V. Nabokov Speak, Memory (U.S. rev. ed.) x. 196 From his earliest boyhood, he was absolutely fearless, but was squeamish and wary of ‘natural history’, could not make himself touch wriggly things. 1995 J. Miller Voxpop iii. 59 A high-speed technician shooting an underwater scene for a BBC natural history programme. †b. Things that form the subject matter of natural history. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1752 Philos. Trans. 1749–50 (Royal Soc.) 46 6 An Account of Glasses..for preserving Pieces of Anatomy or Natural History in spirituous Liquors. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1534
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