necklacen.
/ˈnɛklᵻs/, U.S. /ˈnɛkləs/ 1. † b. A lace or ribbon for the neck; a necktie. Obsolete.
a. An ornamental chain or string of jewels, precious metal, beads, etc., worn round the neck.
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the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > types of ornamentation > jewellery > neck ornaments > [noun] > necklace or collar
wreathOE
chain1397
collarc1400
sarpe1429
carket15..
baldric1530
carcanetc1530
necklace1530
carcan1539
caskanet1607
necklet1641
lunula1719
throatlet1844
chapletc1850
dog collar1855
necklace-collar1859
mala1872
choker1928
1530 Bible (Tyndale) Gen. xxxviii. f. lvi She..sayd also: loke whose are this seall necklace, and staffe.
1577 J. Grange Golden Aphroditis sig. B They play more legerdemaynes vnder this cleane kind of conueyance, or at the least as many, as do those who neuer woore the necklace of Iasper.
1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique i. xii. 62 You must put about your necke a necklace of Iaspar stone.
1631 in C. Marlowe Faustus (new ed.) sig. C3v Next, like a Necke lace, I hang about her Necke.
1673 J. Ray Observ. Journey Low-countries 5 This Chain is round in form of a Bracelet, Neck-lace, or Wheel-band.
1704 in Sc. Antiquary (1888) 1 129 Ane necklace of yellow lamor.
1726 J. Barker Lining of Patch-work Screen 148 He left with this young Niece her Mother's Rings, Watch, Necklace, and divers Suits of Apparel, with fine Linnen, rich Laces, and the like.
1782 H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Painting (ed. 3) V. 127 Instead of the garland she has a necklace in her hand.
1814 J. Austen Mansfield Park II. viii. 182 Being requested to chuse from among several gold chains and necklaces . View more context for this quotation
1844 J. F. Cooper Afloat & Ashore IV. xiv. 181 Around her ivory throat, and over her polished shoulders, hung my own necklace of pearls.
1877 A. B. Edwards Thousand Miles up Nile xiii. 350 The necklaces consist of onyx, carnelian, bone, silver, and coloured glass beads.
1938 R. K. Narayan Dark Room vi. 113 She removed..her necklace, gold bangles and rings.
1962 E. Bruton Dict. Clocks & Watches (1963) 20 Small modern ball-shaped watch..hung from a necklace or brooch.
1992 L. Gough Fall down Easy iii. 18 She hadn't bothered with the top buttons of the blouse, giving the customers a peek at a frothy underlayer of pink silk and the rope-design gold necklace Greg'd given her.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > neck-wear > [noun] > neck-tie or cravat > neck-tie
necklace1667
necktie1838
Peckham rye1925
1667–9 Clothing Acct. in MS Douglas-Home Poems f. 4 3 blak necke lesses at 15 s. peis.
1699 W. Dampier Voy. & Descr. i. iii. 43 They have Bandstrings or Necklaces fastened to their Hats; which coming under their chins are there tyed.
1740 S. Richardson Pamela I. 50 Then I bought of a Pedlar..two Yards of black Ribband for my Shift Sleeves, and to serve as a Necklace.
1812 R. Southey Omniana I. v. 8 It was formerly the custom in England for women to wear a necklace of fine silk, called Taudry lace.
1857 Househ. Words 21 Feb. 181/2 He had a necklace, shoulder-knots, and bracelets, all of blue ribbon.
2. In extended use.
a. A hangman's noose or halter. Also with distinguishing word, as hempen, etc. Cf. neckcloth n. 2. Now historical.
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society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > hanging > [noun] > gallows > parts of > noose or rope
ropeeOE
withec1275
cordc1330
snarea1425
tippet1447
girnc1480
halter1481
widdie1508
tether?a1513
hemp1532
Tyburn tippet1549
John Roper's window1552
neckweed1562
noose1567
horse-nightcap1593
tow1596
Tyburn tiffany1612
piccadill1615
snick-up1620
Tyburn piccadill1620
necklacea1625
squinsy1632
Welsh parsley1637
St. Johnston's riband1638
string1639
Bridport daggera1661
rope's end1663
cravat1680
swing1697
snecket1788
death cord1804
neckclothc1816
St. Johnston's tippet1816
death rope1824
mink1826
squeezer1836
yard-rope1850
necktie1866
Tyburn string1882
Stolypin's necktie1909
widdieneckc1920
a1625 J. Fletcher Bonduca ii. iii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Gggg3v/2 What are these fellows? whats the crime committed, that they wear necklaces?
1639 J. Fletcher et al. Bloody Brother iii. ii. sig. G1 You peaching rogue, that provided us these necklaces.
1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield II. i. 3 I have been once an usher at a boarding school myself; and may I die by an anodyne necklace, but I had rather be an under turnkey in Newgate.
1827 S. B. H. Judah Buccaneers I. ii. 218 The lousy dog..maketh no lie of the old saw—for he that is born to wear a hempen necklace, never drank death from salt water.
1849 H. Melville White Jacket 281 Here am I, liable at any time to be run up at the yard-arm, with a necklace, made by no jeweller, round my neck!
1949 V. J. Monteleone Criminal Slang Necklace... The hangman's noose.
1956 Shakespeare Q. 7 14 In Shakespeare's day the word ‘necklace’ was current slang for ‘noose’ or ‘halter’.
1991 G. Abbot Lords of Scaffold (BNC) 139 Around the felon's neck went the noose, the ‘Tyburn collar’ or ‘Tyburn tippet’, the ‘anodyne necklace’ (anodyne meaning relief from pain).
b. Chiefly South African. Frequently as the necklace. A tyre doused or filled with petrol, placed round a victim's neck and shoulders and set alight; this as a method of lynching or unofficial execution. Also attributive, as necklace murder, etc.
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society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > [adjective] > relating to lynching by necklace
necklace1985
necklaced1993
the world > life > death > killing > killing by specific method > [adjective] > burning
necklace1985
society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > [noun] > burning > tyre soaked in petrol
necklace1985
the world > life > death > killing > killing by specific method > [noun] > burning > means of
necklace1985
1985 Washington Post 12 Aug. a9/2 A group of young blacks caught him and pulled him to the ground. As he lay there they smashed rocks into his skull and body. Then came the ‘necklace’ burning.
1985 Grocott's Mail (Grahamstown, S. Afr.) 1 Oct. 3 Notes put under doors threatening occupants with ‘the necklace’ should they buy from white shops.
1987 Daily Tel. 28 May 10/4 Setting fire to tyre ‘necklaces’ is a method of execution used by blacks to execute informers.
1987 Cape Times 10 July 2 Necklace murders and the killing of community councillors.
1991 Observer 24 Mar. 13/1 (headline) ‘Necklace’ killings as Saddam's men reimpose terror.
1994 R. Malan in Style May 37 My rage over Steve Biko's murder obliterated by the horror of the necklace.
2001 Independent 3 Mar. 15/4 Then the mob in the shanty town near Johannesburg, rushed to fetch a tyre and petrol for his ‘necklace’.
3.
a. Something suggestive or reminiscent of a necklace; a group of things arranged like a necklace.
ΚΠ
1676 I. Walton Compl. Angler (ed. 5) ix, in I. Walton et al. Universal Angler I. 169 A person of honour..assur'd me he had seen a necklace, or collar of Tadpoles, hang..about a Pikes neck, and to kill him.
1808 M. G. Lewis Tales of Terror (ed. 2) xi. 77 A dark crimson necklace of blood-drops congeal'd, Reflected each bone that jagg'd out of his breast.
1820 W. Irving Sketch Bk. vi. 72 Not a turkey, but he beheld daintily trussed up, with its gizzard under its wing, and, peradventure, a necklace of savoury sausages.
1876 Philos. Trans. 1875 (Royal Soc.) 165 234 It will be noticed that the spherical bodies undergo transverse division, thus forming dumb-bells and necklaces.
1908 L. M. Montgomery Anne of Green Gables xxx. 343 For Anne the days slipped by like golden beads on the necklace of the year.
1935 W. Faulkner Pylon 39 At last the parachute bloomed... The boundary..lights were on too now; he floated down..toward the bright necklace of field lights.
1972 Listener 18 May 662/2 Sometimes the programme has been a radio porridge, sometimes a shapely..necklace of sound, but never anything really remarkable.
1992 Economist 28 Mar. 12/1 Soon the radio signals bearing your call are dancing direct from your telephone to a necklace of satellites 500 miles or so above the earth.
b. A pattern resembling a necklace on the neck or throat of an animal, esp. a bird.
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the world > animals > animal body > markings or colourings > [noun] > band or stripe > round neck
collar1664
necklace1854
neck-collar1869
1668 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 3 637 Another Fish, that is beautified with such a variety of curious and lively Colours, that one would say, such Fishes were girt with Necklaces of Pearls, Corals, Emerauds, &c.]
1854 Poultry Chron. 1 412/2 Hens..buff or lemon or nankin... Head, small and intelligent... Colour, uniform, but if a small dark necklace is perceptible it is not fatal.
1962 Evolution 16 13/2 The redleg is superficially similar to the rock partridge but its black necklace extends down onto its upper breast.
1987 World Mag. Oct. 34/3 Many birds have predominantly pale breasts, others are heavily streaked with dark markings and some have a dark necklace or chestband.
4. Nautical.† b. A ring of wads placed round a gun. Obsolete. rare.
a. A chain or strop round a mast.
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society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > spar > [noun] > mast > fittings on mast for affixing rigging
funnel1694
throat bolt1805
futtock-staff1841
necklace1860
truss-hoop1867
tumbler1867
futtock-hoop1874
bale-band1891
truss-band1909
1860 H. Stuart Novice's or Young Seaman's Catech. (rev. ed.) 55 Necklaces are rove round the heel of the mainmast.
1882 G. S. Nares Seamanship (ed. 6) 33 The necklace..goes round the mast-head immediately on top of the trestletrees and crosstrees.
1955 C. W. T. Layton Dict. Nautical Words & Terms (1982) (at cited word) Necklace, open link chain secured around wooden mast of a sailing ship to take lower eyes of futtock rigging.
ΚΠ
1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. 495 Necklace, a ring of wads placed round a gun, as sometimes practised, for readiness and stowage.
Compounds
C1.
a.
necklace-collar n.
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the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > types of ornamentation > jewellery > neck ornaments > [noun] > necklace or collar
wreathOE
chain1397
collarc1400
sarpe1429
carket15..
baldric1530
carcanetc1530
necklace1530
carcan1539
caskanet1607
necklet1641
lunula1719
throatlet1844
chapletc1850
dog collar1855
necklace-collar1859
mala1872
choker1928
1859 J. H. Ingraham Pillar of Fire i. xi. 189 The chief standard bearer..is distinguished by a gold necklace-collar.
1999 Evening News (Edinb.) 4 May 17 Pieces from Tiffany's Signature collection, like an 18 carat gold necklace collar.
necklace maker n.
ΚΠ
1769 Public Advertiser 14 Mar. 2/2 A Parcel of Beads, Bugles, &c., the Property of Mrs. Smith, Necklace-Maker.
1914 W. S. Blunt Poet. Wks. II. 146 I told her my condition, As one a stringer of gems, a necklace-maker for damsels.
1985 Chicago Tribune (Nexis) 10 Nov. (Tempo) 6 He strung adjectives the way a necklace maker strings beads and created verbal gems.
b.
necklace-shaped adj.
ΚΠ
1835 J. Lindley Introd. Bot. (1839) 450 Necklace-shaped.., cylindrical or terete, and contracted at regular intervals.
1995 P. J. Hayward & J. S. Ryland Handbk. Marine Fauna N. W. Europe x. 530/2 Naticidae... Spawn a characteristic collar or necklace-shaped ribbon, stiffened with sand; commonly known as necklace shells.
C2. † necklace moss n. Obsolete rare a lichen of the genus Usnea; (probably) Usnea articulata, having a long pendent thallus that is constricted at intervals.† necklace wood n. Obsolete rare the barbasco Jacquinia barbasco, having yellow-red seeds used as beads.
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the world > plants > particular plants > lichen > [noun] > other lichens
cup-moss1597
ground liverwort1597
Usnea1597
perelle1712
oak moss1728
necklace moss1759
rag1759
thrush-lichen1759
Iceland lichen1777
Iceland moss1785
map lichen1796
scripture-wort1835
letter lichen1846
dog lichen1853
fairy cups1855
velvet moss1858
manna lichen1864
tree-hair1866
famine-bread1887
old man's beard1888
sea ivory1966
1759 Philos. Trans. 1758 (Royal Soc.) 50 664 The long beaded usnea, or necklace moss, enters into the like œconomical uses in Virginia.
necklace poplar n. U.S. a cottonwood, Populus deltoides, bearing long interrupted female catkins and fruits which resemble strings of beads.
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the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > poplars and allies > [noun]
popple1229
popple-tree1229
abele?a1300
poplar1371
black poplar1542
white poplar1542
poppling1570
cotton tree1633
tacamahac1739
Lombardy poplar1766
poplar pine1770
Po poplar1776
grey poplar1782
cottonwood1787
pine poplar1789
liard1809
white-backa1825
necklace poplar1845
silver poplar1847
weather-tree1847
hackmatack1873
bitter-weed1878
balsam-poplar1884
Russian poplar1884
Lombardy1917
1845 A. Wood Class-bk. Bot. ii. 352 P. monilifera... Necklace Poplar.
1891 Garden & Forest 4 278/2 Next to the beach is a fringe of Necklace Poplars.
1934 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 21 329 Trees... Populus deltoides Marsh—Cottonwood or Necklace Poplar.
necklace shell n. a naticid snail (see quot. 1901).
ΚΠ
1901 E. Step Shell Life 215 The Necklace-Shells (Natica) are so-called because of the peculiar manner in which their eggs are arranged in strap-shaped bands which coil into the form of quoits.
1971 S. P. Dance Seashells 116 Most necklace shells prey upon bivalves.
1995 P. J. Hayward & J. S. Ryland Handbk. Marine Fauna N. W. Europe x. 530/2 Naticidae... Spawn a characteristic collar or necklace-shaped ribbon, stiffened with sand; commonly known as necklace shells.
necklace-snake n. rare †(a) the Eurasian grass snake, Natrix natrix (obsolete); (b) Russell's viper, Vipera russellii (rare).Sense (b) is apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.
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the world > animals > reptiles > order Squamata (lizards and snakes) > suborder Ophidia (snakes) > types of snake > [noun] > family Colubridae > member of genus Natrix
blacksnake1694
necklace-snake1753
garter-snake1775
1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. App. at Snake Necklace-Snake, the English name of the natrix torquata of zoologists.
1912 N.E.D. at Tic-polonga A venomous snake of India and Sri Lanka: the chain viper or necklace-snake, Daboia Russellii.
necklace tree n. any of various tropical American trees of the genus Ormosia (family Fabaceae ( Leguminosae)), having bright red seeds used as beads; esp. O. monosperma.
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the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular timber trees or shrubs > non-British timber trees > [noun] > of South America or West Indies
sweetwood1607
mastic1657
acajou1666
bastard locust tree1670
bastard locust tree1670
alligator wood1696
muskwood1696
lancewood1697
rodwood1716
cog-wood1725
soapwood1733
down tree?1740
pigeon plum1743
break-axe tree1756
horse-wood1756
loblolly whitewood1756
Spanish elm1756
trumpet-tree1756
ahuehuete1778
ocote1787
locust tree1795
Madeira wood1796
peroba1813
roble1814
louro1816
cecropia1824
purple heart1825
wallaba1825
trumpet-wood1836
gumbo-limbo1837
poui1838
quebracho1839
snake-wood1843
yacca1843
horseflesh wood1851
necklace tree1858
Honduras rosewood1860
turanira1862
softwood1864
wattle-wood1864
balsa tree1866
primavera1871
rauli1874
lemon-wood1879
wheel-tree1882
Spanish stopper1883
gurgeon-stopper1884
pinkwood-tree1884
stopper1884
sloth-tree1885
imbaubaa1893
Spanish cedar1907
amarant1909
Parana pine1916
imbuya1919
mastic-bully1920
banak1921
timbo1924
becuiba1934
1858 Jrnl. Soc. Arts 6 655/2 The large seeds of the necklace tree of the West Indies..are now beginning to be used for..shirt-studs.
1967 Bahamas Handbk. & Businessmen's Ann. (ed. 7) 489 Jumbee Bean or Necklace Tree.
1980 Ann. Missouri Bot. Garden 67 738 The bright red seeds are used in necklaces, hence the common name ‘necklace tree’.
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the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > plants yielding poison > [noun] > trees or shrubs yielding poison > barbasco
barbasco1860
necklace wood1883
1883 C. A. Moloney W. Afr. Fisheries 34 The poison residing in the stems of the Barbasco or Necklace wood (Jacquinia armillaris, Linn.).
Derivatives
ˈnecklace-like adj.
ΚΠ
1840 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 130 604 There is an equally gradual transition from unchanged blood-discs to cells entering into the formation of certain necklace-like fibres in the figure.
1889 Garden & Forest 2 50/2 The germinal tubes..penetrate to the woody bundle..and..produce a cushion-like mass of filaments under the epidermis, from which grow chains of necklace-like filaments.
1998 New Yorker 9 Nov. 66/2 Hair dyed, combed; nails polished; necklacelike scar ear to ear.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
necklacev.
/ˈnɛklᵻs/, U.S. /ˈnɛkləs/ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > fact or action of being connected or connecting > connect [verb (transitive)] > link together
link?a1412
enlink1560
in link1581
interchain1600
concatenate1622
interlink1622
enchain1642
necklace1702
leash1854
to link up1897
1702 J. Petiver in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 23 1251 The Roots..are fibrous, to which lower adhere others as it were Necklaced and Strung.
1893 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 3rd Ser. 4 709 The sheaves shewed a slight tendency to necklace—i.e. to hang together by the heads.
2.
a. transitive. To encircle or surround with, or as with, a necklace.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > surrounding > surround or lie around [verb (transitive)] > surround with > with or as with a necklace
necklace1764
1764 J. Grainger Sugar-cane iv. 125 Quick papaw, whose top is necklac'd round With numerous rows of party-colour'd fruit.
1798 S. T. Coleridge Let. 26 Oct. (1956) I. 433 The church..necklaced near the top with a round of large gilt balls.
1864 J. A. Grant Walk across Afr. 104 The previous days had been, night and day, celebrated by incessant drumming on the part of a dark set of wandering beggars or gypsy lads, richly necklaced with beads.
1893 National Observer 24 June 144/2 He necklaced a certain Dutch captain with sausages.
1973 Times 8 June 17/1 The most elegant decanter or the plainest bottle becomes more interesting if necklaced with an expensive decanter label that looks worth even more than it costs.
1992 J. Steffler Afterlife George Cartwright ii. 32 The twilit harbour necklaced in lights rose up like a beautiful woman opening her arms.
1997 T. Morrison Paradise 34 Lines of cars necklaced the street.
b. transitive. Chiefly South African. To lynch or kill by means of the necklace (necklace n. 2b).
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the world > life > death > killing > killing by specific method > kill [verb (transitive)] > by burning
to make roast meat of (also for)1565
necklace1986
society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > execute [verb (transitive)] > burn > by means of the necklace
necklace1986
1986 Cape Times 12 Feb. If I'm seen with this party, I'll be necklaced in the township tonight.
1986 Guardian 16 Apr. 6/6 Their first statement on the discovery of 32 charred bodies suggested that the victims had been ‘necklaced’.
1991 Observer 24 Mar. 13/1 Civilians suspected of helping Shia rebels are being ‘necklaced’ in Nasiriyah.
1994 Esquire Aug. 79/2 In the past years, hundreds have been shot, hacked, burned, and necklaced to death on these streets in tribal and political fighting.
2001 Washington Post (Nexis) 7 Aug. (Style section) c1 In the days before Aristide took power, informers against him were ‘necklaced’ with a gasoline-soaked tire and burned alive.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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