单词 | naturist |
释义 | naturistn.adj. A. n. 1. a. A person who studies natural (as opposed to supernatural or spiritual) phenomena, esp. one who believes that only natural laws and forces operate in the world. Cf. naturalist n. 2. rare.In quot. 1987: (perhaps) a person who believes in or worships deity in nature or in natural creatures and phenomena. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > naturalism > [noun] > adherent of naturiena1393 naturalist1587 physiologer1598 naturian1602 physiologist1653 naturist1686 1686 R. Boyle Free Enq. Notion Nature 34 Those that admit and applaud the Vulgar Notion of Nature: whom..I shall hereafter many times call Naturists. 1870 J. P. Thompson Man in Genesis & Geology 80 The most rigid Naturist may believe in an intelligent First Cause of the Universe. 1987 Man 22 453 Naturists..make another mistake, said Durkheim. They suppose nature to be intrinsically marvellous. b. A student of natural history, a naturalist. Cf. naturalist n. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > study > person who studies > [noun] > natural history naturalist1600 natural historian1640 physiologist1653 naturala1682 field naturalist1789 physiophilist1804 natural scientist1872 naturist1925 wildlifer1963 1925 A. de Carle Sowerby (title) Naturist's notebook in China. 1932 Amer. Lit. 3 493 A ‘Naturist’ differs from a ‘Naturalist’..in that his interest in the physical universe is at once aesthetic and scientific rather than simply scientific. 1989 Jrnl. Ecol. 77 895 When the enemy [of nature] is clearly portrayed, the naturist..emerges as his victim. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > healer > physician > [noun] > of specific schools or theoretical standpoints > concerning disease localista1633 non-contagionist1824 infectionist1830 contagionist1831 solidist1842 naturist1848 neuropath1876 organicist1879 unicist1890 1848 R. Dunglison Med. Lexicon (ed. 7) 573/1 Naturist, a physician who scrupulously investigates, interprets, and follows the indications presented by nature in the treatment of disease. 3. A creative artist, esp. a writer, who aims at a close representation of nature. Cf. naturalist n. 6. Now chiefly historical. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > literary world > [noun] > literary movements or theories > adherent of modernist1703 symbolist1812 romanticist1821 classicist1827 romantic1827 symbolizer1854 archaist1867 realist1868 verist1884 naturalist1888 naturist1892 Teutonist1894 veritist1894 literary theorist1896 neoclassicist1899 social realist1909 futurist1911 postmodernist1914 vorticist1914 postmodern1917 Scythian1923 surrealist1925 populist1930 ultraist1931 socialist-realist1935 lettrist1946 New Negro1953 formalist1955 pre-modernist1962 Scyth1972 dirty realist1987 po-mo1996 1892 Harper's Mag. Apr. 803/1 Words that must have gone hard sometimes with the ‘naturist’ he happened to be praising. 1900 Nation (N.Y.) 19 July 52/3 Hence, realists, naturalists, and ‘naturists’, and decadents,..and a host of other ephemeridae. 1991 Jrnl. Amer. Hist. 78 720/2 Mary Austin..an American poet, folklorist, and naturist who was well known in the early twentieth century. 4. A person who practises or advocates a natural way of life, esp. as characterized by the practice of communal nudity. Cf. nudist n. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > nakedness or state of being unclothed > [noun] > nudism or naturism > one who Adamite1833 Nuditarian1836 nudist1925 naturist1926 1926 Q. Rev. Biol. 1 605/2 A ‘naturist’ is one who is against good food, good drink, good tobacco, and most of the other achievements of pleasant living. 1929 M. Parmelee Nudity in Mod. Life i. 15 We have all heard of so-called ‘naturists’, who insist that man..should discard everything artificial such as..clothing, books, cooked food, etc. 1953 Amer. Lit. 25 120 The bizarre George Wharton James, Browning enthusiast, philosopher of sex, naturist, archeologist, experimenter in the culture of dates and spineless cactus, [etc.] 1992 B. Elton Stark 144 Moorcock was undressing like a born again naturist. 5. A person who advocates the theory of the dominance of biological factors in human development. Contrasted with nurturist n. Cf. nature n. 7e. ΚΠ 1978 Jrnl. Econ. Lit. 16 1447/2 It was ‘nurture versus nature’... The ‘naturists’ believed that certain kinds of human beings were essentially inferior and that the only way that society could be improved would be through eugenic selection. 1994 C. Paglia Vamps & Tramps 38 The naturists among them are ultimately twin to the nurturists, or social constructionists. B. adj. 1. Chiefly literary. Esp. of a literary work: concerned with the natural world, esp. regarded positively or romantically in contrast to human society, culture, etc. ΚΠ 1894 Harper's Mag. Dec. 155/1 He could have run round the whole circle, been romantic, classic, realist, naturist, and romantic again. 1977 19th-cent. Fiction 32 352 Alcorn..traces the development of..the naturist writers..[who] share an idea of a world where ‘biology replaces theology as the source both of psychic health and of moral authority’. 1990 Jrnl. Amer. Hist. 77 1063/2 Even Austin's naturist works subvert male-defined values and power relationships. 2. Of, relating to, or characteristic of a person who worships nature or the practice of nature-worship. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > kinds of worship > [adjective] > of nature pagan1891 naturist1922 1922 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 27 538 The four people studied..formed a religious group called ‘ethical’ as opposed to the naturist tendency of other Indo-Europeans. 1972 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 77 805 The comparative study of Indo-European mythology fell into in the early years of this century with the passing of the naturist schools of Max Müller and Adelbert Kuhn. 1992 Photography 45 The Gaunches' religion was purely naturist; they adored the sun, stars and the elements in general. 3. Of, relating to, or characteristic of the way life advocated by naturists ( A. 4), frequently with reference to the practice of communal nudity. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > nakedness or state of being unclothed > [adjective] > naturist or nudist Adamitical1666 nudist1926 naturist1930 1930 Observer 27 Apr. 12/5 Advocates of the health cure of complete nudity..spent a holiday in a naturist colony on an island in the Seine. 1950 G. Brenan Face of Spain v. 113 He is a vegetarian and a firm adherent of the Naturist clinic in Malaga, with its theories of opposites and harmonies in foods. 1963 Daily Tel. 20 Mar. 22/5 The description ‘a nudist camp’, according to the naturist terminology, is defunct... Instead club members are asked to use the expression ‘sun club’ or ‘naturist club’. 1971 M. McCarthy Birds of Amer. 184 A naturist diet of fruit and raw vegetables. 1989 Holiday Which? Mar. 89/3 You can walk or sail to a local naturist beach from many resorts. 4. Advocating the theory of the dominance of biological factors in human development. Contrasted with nurturist adj. Cf. nature n. 7e. ΚΠ 1988 Science 19 Feb. 923/3 The new Soviet naturist views (for example, genetic determination) tend to undermine the official Marxist views of the overriding importance of society in the social, psychological and moral formation of human beings. 1998 Current Anthropol. 39 126/2 One [genre] is narratives which tend to be naturist, foreground genetic, physiological, and biodemographic variables... The other is narratives which tend to be nurturist. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1686 |
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