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单词 naturist
释义

naturistn.adj.

Brit. /ˈneɪtʃ(ə)rɪst/, U.S. /ˈneɪtʃərəst/
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: nature n., -ist suffix.
Etymology: < nature n. + -ist suffix. Compare French naturiste (1821 in sense A. 2; 1842 in sense A. 1a; 1896 as adjective).
A. n.
1.
a. A person who studies natural (as opposed to supernatural or spiritual) phenomena, esp. one who believes that only natural laws and forces operate in the world. Cf. naturalist n. 2. rare.In quot. 1987: (perhaps) a person who believes in or worships deity in nature or in natural creatures and phenomena.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > naturalism > [noun] > adherent of
naturiena1393
naturalist1587
physiologer1598
naturian1602
physiologist1653
naturist1686
1686 R. Boyle Free Enq. Notion Nature 34 Those that admit and applaud the Vulgar Notion of Nature: whom..I shall hereafter many times call Naturists.
1870 J. P. Thompson Man in Genesis & Geology 80 The most rigid Naturist may believe in an intelligent First Cause of the Universe.
1987 Man 22 453 Naturists..make another mistake, said Durkheim. They suppose nature to be intrinsically marvellous.
b. A student of natural history, a naturalist. Cf. naturalist n. 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > study > person who studies > [noun] > natural history
naturalist1600
natural historian1640
physiologist1653
naturala1682
field naturalist1789
physiophilist1804
natural scientist1872
naturist1925
wildlifer1963
1925 A. de Carle Sowerby (title) Naturist's notebook in China.
1932 Amer. Lit. 3 493 A ‘Naturist’ differs from a ‘Naturalist’..in that his interest in the physical universe is at once aesthetic and scientific rather than simply scientific.
1989 Jrnl. Ecol. 77 895 When the enemy [of nature] is clearly portrayed, the naturist..emerges as his victim.
2. Medicine. A doctor or physician who is guided by observation of an individual patient's symptoms and progress in the treatment of a disease. Cf. naturism n. 2. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > healer > physician > [noun] > of specific schools or theoretical standpoints > concerning disease
localista1633
non-contagionist1824
infectionist1830
contagionist1831
solidist1842
naturist1848
neuropath1876
organicist1879
unicist1890
1848 R. Dunglison Med. Lexicon (ed. 7) 573/1 Naturist, a physician who scrupulously investigates, interprets, and follows the indications presented by nature in the treatment of disease.
3. A creative artist, esp. a writer, who aims at a close representation of nature. Cf. naturalist n. 6. Now chiefly historical.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > literary world > [noun] > literary movements or theories > adherent of
modernist1703
symbolist1812
romanticist1821
classicist1827
romantic1827
symbolizer1854
archaist1867
realist1868
verist1884
naturalist1888
naturist1892
Teutonist1894
veritist1894
literary theorist1896
neoclassicist1899
social realist1909
futurist1911
postmodernist1914
vorticist1914
postmodern1917
Scythian1923
surrealist1925
populist1930
ultraist1931
socialist-realist1935
lettrist1946
New Negro1953
formalist1955
pre-modernist1962
Scyth1972
dirty realist1987
po-mo1996
1892 Harper's Mag. Apr. 803/1 Words that must have gone hard sometimes with the ‘naturist’ he happened to be praising.
1900 Nation (N.Y.) 19 July 52/3 Hence, realists, naturalists, and ‘naturists’, and decadents,..and a host of other ephemeridae.
1991 Jrnl. Amer. Hist. 78 720/2 Mary Austin..an American poet, folklorist, and naturist who was well known in the early twentieth century.
4. A person who practises or advocates a natural way of life, esp. as characterized by the practice of communal nudity. Cf. nudist n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > nakedness or state of being unclothed > [noun] > nudism or naturism > one who
Adamite1833
Nuditarian1836
nudist1925
naturist1926
1926 Q. Rev. Biol. 1 605/2 A ‘naturist’ is one who is against good food, good drink, good tobacco, and most of the other achievements of pleasant living.
1929 M. Parmelee Nudity in Mod. Life i. 15 We have all heard of so-called ‘naturists’, who insist that man..should discard everything artificial such as..clothing, books, cooked food, etc.
1953 Amer. Lit. 25 120 The bizarre George Wharton James, Browning enthusiast, philosopher of sex, naturist, archeologist, experimenter in the culture of dates and spineless cactus, [etc.]
1992 B. Elton Stark 144 Moorcock was undressing like a born again naturist.
5. A person who advocates the theory of the dominance of biological factors in human development. Contrasted with nurturist n. Cf. nature n. 7e.
ΚΠ
1978 Jrnl. Econ. Lit. 16 1447/2 It was ‘nurture versus nature’... The ‘naturists’ believed that certain kinds of human beings were essentially inferior and that the only way that society could be improved would be through eugenic selection.
1994 C. Paglia Vamps & Tramps 38 The naturists among them are ultimately twin to the nurturists, or social constructionists.
B. adj.
1. Chiefly literary. Esp. of a literary work: concerned with the natural world, esp. regarded positively or romantically in contrast to human society, culture, etc.
ΚΠ
1894 Harper's Mag. Dec. 155/1 He could have run round the whole circle, been romantic, classic, realist, naturist, and romantic again.
1977 19th-cent. Fiction 32 352 Alcorn..traces the development of..the naturist writers..[who] share an idea of a world where ‘biology replaces theology as the source both of psychic health and of moral authority’.
1990 Jrnl. Amer. Hist. 77 1063/2 Even Austin's naturist works subvert male-defined values and power relationships.
2. Of, relating to, or characteristic of a person who worships nature or the practice of nature-worship.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > kinds of worship > [adjective] > of nature
pagan1891
naturist1922
1922 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 27 538 The four people studied..formed a religious group called ‘ethical’ as opposed to the naturist tendency of other Indo-Europeans.
1972 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 77 805 The comparative study of Indo-European mythology fell into in the early years of this century with the passing of the naturist schools of Max Müller and Adelbert Kuhn.
1992 Photography 45 The Gaunches' religion was purely naturist; they adored the sun, stars and the elements in general.
3. Of, relating to, or characteristic of the way life advocated by naturists ( A. 4), frequently with reference to the practice of communal nudity.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > nakedness or state of being unclothed > [adjective] > naturist or nudist
Adamitical1666
nudist1926
naturist1930
1930 Observer 27 Apr. 12/5 Advocates of the health cure of complete nudity..spent a holiday in a naturist colony on an island in the Seine.
1950 G. Brenan Face of Spain v. 113 He is a vegetarian and a firm adherent of the Naturist clinic in Malaga, with its theories of opposites and harmonies in foods.
1963 Daily Tel. 20 Mar. 22/5 The description ‘a nudist camp’, according to the naturist terminology, is defunct... Instead club members are asked to use the expression ‘sun club’ or ‘naturist club’.
1971 M. McCarthy Birds of Amer. 184 A naturist diet of fruit and raw vegetables.
1989 Holiday Which? Mar. 89/3 You can walk or sail to a local naturist beach from many resorts.
4. Advocating the theory of the dominance of biological factors in human development. Contrasted with nurturist adj. Cf. nature n. 7e.
ΚΠ
1988 Science 19 Feb. 923/3 The new Soviet naturist views (for example, genetic determination) tend to undermine the official Marxist views of the overriding importance of society in the social, psychological and moral formation of human beings.
1998 Current Anthropol. 39 126/2 One [genre] is narratives which tend to be naturist, foreground genetic, physiological, and biodemographic variables... The other is narratives which tend to be nurturist.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.adj.1686
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