单词 | mure |
释义 | † muren.adj.2 Obsolete. A. n. A wall. Also in extended use. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or providing with specific parts > specific parts built or constructed > [noun] > wall wallc900 mureOE mural?1473 OE Crist III 1142 Scire burstan muras ond stanas. ?1473 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Recuyell Hist. Troye (1894) I. lf. 135 He..fortefied the Cyte of Troye with mures & towrs. c1475 Magnificencia Ecclesie in Publ. Mod. Lang. Assoc. Amer. (1909) 24 698 (MED) Sacrylege & simony..doþ þe toures meue; And where þe mures be meuyng, þe werk must myscheue. a1552 J. Leland Itinerary (1711) II. 41 Rogerus le Poure..cast a great Dike without it, and made a false Mure without the Dike. 1577 D. Settle True Rep. Voy. Frobisher sig. Bv At our first comming, the streightes seemed to be shutt vp with a long mure of yce. 1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 iv. iii. 119 Th'incessant care and labour of his mind, Hath wrought the Mure that should confine it in. View more context for this quotation 1651 Bp. J. Taylor Clerus Domini 3 There was never any people but had their Priests..and kept holy things within a mure. 1658 R. Brathwait Honest Ghost 29 Rampiers he reares, Fortes, Bulwarks, Palisadoes, Mures, Countermures. B. adj.2 As postmodifier: = mural adj.1 1. Only in crown-mure.See also mure-crowned adj. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military organization > insignia > [noun] > decorations or orders > crowns and wreaths naval crown?a1439 civil crowna1522 civic garland1542 obsidional crown1546 oval1614 civic crown1649 olive crown1679 crown-mure1682 rostral crown1686 stephane1847 1682 G. Wheler Journey into Greece iii. 264 A Figure, with a Crown-mure, with these Letters about it. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online June 2021). mureadj.1 Now English regional (chiefly East Anglian). 1. Grave, modest, demure. Now only in mure-hearted: see Compounds. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > modesty > [adjective] simplec1300 measurablec1330 methec1390 murec1390 smallc1405 soleinc1450 timorous1474 modest1561 unbragging1570 unboldened1591 unpresuming1607 bragless1609 unambitious1621 boastless1632 unpompous1656 verecundous1656 sober1659 tender-foreheaded1659 unpragmatical1673 unpretending1681 unpresumptuous1704 unimportant1727 unaspiringa1729 inambitious1729 unassuming1730 unostentatiousa1739 unboastful1744 pretensionless1748 unarrogating1748 uncontending1748 unopinionated1775 unboasting1802 underbearing1802 mousy1812 un-ultra1817 unarrogant1831 low-flying1835 unconceited1838 unpretentious1838 uninflated1861 unvain1863 unbumptious1865 the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > melancholy > seriousness or solemnity > [adjective] seinec1330 sober1362 unfeastlyc1386 murec1390 unlaughter-milda1400 sadc1400 solemnyc1420 solemned1423 serious1440 solemnc1449 solenc1460 solemnel?1473 moy1487 demure1523 grave1549 staid1557 sage1564 sullen1583 weighty1602 solid1632 censoriousa1637 (as) grave (also solemn, etc.) as a judge1650 untriumphant1659 setc1660 agelastic1666 austere1667 humourless1671 unlaughing1737 smileless1740 untriflinga1743 untittering1749 steady1759 dun1797 antithalian1818 dreich1819 laughterless1825 unsmiling1826 laughless1827 unfestive1844 sober-sided1847 gleeless1850 unfarcical1850 mome1855 deedy1895 button-down1959 buttoned-down1960 straight-faced1975 c1390 in C. Horstmann Minor Poems Vernon MS (1892) i. 28 (MED) Boxum me make wiþ-oute feyning..Meur wiþ-outen greuoushed, And Murie wiþ-outen wyldehed. c1450 Jacob's Well (1900) 254 (MED) Benignite, þat is, to suffere & to be mure & noȝt veniable, ne holde wratthe in herte. ?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) 7678 Moyre and sobyr in worde and dede. ?a1475 Ludus Coventriae (1922) 358 (MED) Heyl moder of mercy and mayde most mure. a1525 (c1448) R. Holland Bk. Howlat l. 83 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 97 Ye plesant pacok..manswet & mure [1568 Bannatyne demure]. 1823 E. Moor Suffolk Words 228 Mewer, modest—unassuming—demure. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > thought > continued thinking, reflection, contemplation > thinking about, consideration, deliberation > [adjective] > weighed mentally, considered > with due deliberation ripec1230 mure deliberation1442 mature1454 studieda1616 1442 T. Bekington Let. in G. Williams Mem. Reign Henry VI (1872) II. 215 Your said counseille..purposen by commune and mure deliberacion t'acertaine your said Mageste of such inconvenients. c1500 Melusine (1895) xxiv. 160 He purueyed of remede by good & meure deliberacion of his counseill. 3. Of grain: ripe. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > crop or crops > [adjective] > ripe ripeOE murea1500 sheaf-ripe1879 a1500 (?a1425) tr. Secreta Secret. (Lamb.) 85 (MED) Take..of greynes Meures [L. maturis]..two vnces. Compounds mure-hearted adj. tender-hearted; meek-spirited. ΚΠ 1790 F. Grose Provinc. Gloss. (ed. 2) (at cited word) Muir, or Mure-hearted, tender-hearted. Suff. a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) II. 226 Mure-hearted, soft-hearted; meek-spirited, easily moved to pity or to tears. 1900 Cornhill Mag. June 816 I recollect when I was drawn for the Militia in 1820, and sent to Yarmouth, how mure-hearted the other man was. 1995 J. M. Sims-Kimbrey Wodds & Doggerybaw: Lincs. Dial. Dict. 198/2 Mure-hearted, too kind and generous and soft-hearted for one's own good. ΚΠ a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) II. 226 Mure-mouthed, using soft words. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online June 2022). murev.ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > defensive walls > wall [verb (transitive)] bewall1250 wall1297 mure?a1425 immure1605 the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > enclosing or enclosure > enclose [verb (transitive)] > enclose with a wall wall1297 mure?a1425 upwallc1440 enwall1523 dikec1575 immure1605 circle-mure1606 circummurea1616 immurala1680 ?a1425 (c1400) Mandeville's Trav. (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 185 (MED) He had let muren all the mountayne aboute with a strong wall. ?1504 S. Hawes Example of Vertu sig. ff.iii But sapyence with her wordes me mured With walles of comfort makynge me mery. a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. cxl*. f. lxxiiii Howsis Castellis and Townes strongely muryd. 1653 T. Urquhart tr. F. Rabelais 1st Bk. Wks. lii. 230 All other Abbies are strongly walled and mured about. 1780 tr. U. von Troil Lett. on Iceland 189 This bath, which is large enough to contain 50 persons at one time, is mured in with a wall of basalt. 2. a. transitive. To shut up (a person) within walls; to imprison; to confine as in a prison or fortress; = immure v. 2. Frequently with up. Also figurative.Some examples refer to the walling up in cells of people condemned to death by starvation, and of anchorites (who were fed through a hole in the wall). ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restraint depriving of liberty > confinement > confine [verb (transitive)] beloukOE loukOE sparc1175 pena1200 bepen?c1225 pind?c1225 prison?c1225 spearc1300 stopc1315 restraina1325 aclosec1350 forbara1375 reclosea1382 ward1390 enclose1393 locka1400 reclusea1400 pinc1400 sparc1430 hamperc1440 umbecastc1440 murea1450 penda1450 mew?c1450 to shut inc1460 encharter1484 to shut up1490 bara1500 hedge1549 hema1552 impound1562 strain1566 chamber1568 to lock up1568 coop1570 incarcerate1575 cage1577 mew1581 kennel1582 coop1583 encagea1586 pound1589 imprisonc1595 encloister1596 button1598 immure1598 seclude1598 uplock1600 stow1602 confine1603 jail1604 hearse1608 bail1609 hasp1620 cub1621 secure1621 incarcera1653 fasten1658 to keep up1673 nun1753 mope1765 quarantine1804 peg1824 penfold1851 encoop1867 oubliette1884 jigger1887 corral1890 maroon1904 to bang up1950 to lock down1971 a1450 (c1435) J. Lydgate Life SS. Edmund & Fremund (Harl.) 644 in C. Horstmann Altengl. Legenden (1881) 2nd Ser. 425 (MED) Withynne an Arche a-twixe two pillerys, They mured him up, where he lay many yerys. ?c1450 tr. Bk. Knight of La Tour Landry (1906) 73 (MED) After he toke & fond the knyȝt with his wyf, he kylde hym, and dyde his wyf to be mewred and putte in pryson perpetuel. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 642/1 It is a payne to be mured up in a stone wall lyke an anker. 1611 Bible (King James) Josh. x. (heading) The fiue Kings are mured in a caue. View more context for this quotation 1671 H. Oldenburg tr. F. Bernier Hist. Late Revol. Empire Great Mogol I. 258 The women were mured up, where they died of hunger and misery. 1800 Spirit of Public Jrnls. 3 104 Some youth, once mur'd in squalid city jails. 1847 F. Marryat Children of New Forest II. xii. 264 [They] are not a little tired of being mured up in the cottage. 1888 A. Rives Quick or Dead (1889) vii. 82 They could never voluntarily have mured themselves in labyrinths of brick and stone during these late autumn days. 1908 J. Payne Carol & Cadence 90 My little garden glows in the grip of the grim Old walls, Like a white thought mured in a dream of misery dim. 2008 K. Swift Morville Hours 133 Keeping the bees mured up in their hives. b. transitive (reflexive). To shut oneself up. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > lack of social communication or relations > retirement or seclusion > seclude [verb (reflexive)] > confine spara1240 mew1581 immure1586 mure1608 to shut ina1684 1608 Bp. J. Hall Epist. I. i. v An English-man, so madly devout, that he had wilfully mur'd up himselfe as an Anachoret. 1893 W. Black Handsome Humes I. i. 16 She said it was a pity he mured himself up in his college at Oxford. a. transitive. To block or wall up (a door, gate, etc.). Usually with up. Also in extended use. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > close or shut [verb (transitive)] > close an aperture or orifice > gates or doors mure1487 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) iv. 164 Thai or day, throu mekill pane, Had mwryt vp the ȝet agane. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. cccxcviii. 689 Let vs enclose ourselfe in this towne, and mure vp all our gates. 1581 R. Mulcaster Positions xv. 68 Such fleshy partes..do..as it were mure vp, and stop the passage. 1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene vi. xii. sig. Kk3v He tooke a muzzell strong Of surest yron..; Therewith he mured vp his mouth along. View more context for this quotation a1657 G. Daniel Poems (1878) II. 159 The Arteries, And organizéd flesh may faculties Perhaps obstruct; or sometimes mure the way. 1673 Bp. S. Parker Reproof Rehearsal Transprosed 519 Mure up your school doors. a1678 A. Marvell Last Instr. to Painter in Coll. Poems on Affairs of State (1689) iii. 11 The Court all meditates To fly to Windsor, and mure up the Gates. 1807 J. Barlow Columbiad vii. 274 There lodge their tons of powder and retire, Mure the dread passage, wave the fatal fire. b. transitive. With up. To wall up the doors of (a building, etc.); to block the means of access to. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > close or shut [verb (transitive)] > shut up (a place) steeka1250 shut1340 to shut in1390 spear1445 seclude1451 to shut up1530 mure1550 block1630 lock1773 to lock up1824 seal1931 to sew up1962 to lock down1980 1550 R. Bowes in J. C. Hodgson Hist. Northumberland: Pt. III (1828) II. 200 The said utter courde were best, as me think, to be mowred upp. 1672 A. Marvell Rehearsal Transpros'd i. 124 Why not adjourn the Term, mure up Westminster-hall [etc.]. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.2OEadj.1c1390v.?a1425 |
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