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单词 myristic
释义

myristicadj.

Brit. /mʌɪˈrɪstɪk/, /mᵻˈrɪstɪk/, U.S. /maɪˈrɪstɪk/, /mᵻˈrɪstɪk/
Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Italian. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Italian myristico; Latin myristicus.
Etymology: Originally < Italian myristico (1499 in the passage translated in quot. 1592 at sense 1) < post-classical Latin myristicus fragrant (a1250 in a British source; 14th cent. in a British source in nux myristica nutmeg; adopted by Linnaeus in form myristica as the genus name of the nutmeg tree) < Byzantine Greek μυριστικός fragrant (6th cent. a.d. in κάρυον μυριστικόν , lit. ‘fragrant nut’) < ancient Greek μυρίζειν to anoint, in Hellenistic Greek also (in passive) to be fragrant with ( < μύρον unguent, perfume (see myronic adj.) + -ίζειν -ize suffix) + -ιστικός -istic suffix. In sense 2 reborrowed < post-classical Latin myristicus. Compare Middle French myristicque fragrant, for use as an unguent (c1590 in an isolated borrowing), French myristique (1868 in Littré in sense 2).
1. Of, relating to, or derived from nutmegs. Obsolete. rare.
ΚΠ
1592 R. Dallington tr. F. Colonna Hypnerotomachia f. 44 They did annoynt themselves..with a Myristic liquor, or water of Nutmegges.
2. Chemistry. myristic acid n. a straight-chain fatty acid found in oil of nutmeg and other vegetable and animal fats; tetradecanoic acid, CH3(CH2)12COOH.
ΚΠ
1848 W. T. Brande Man. Chem. (ed. 6) 1263 When purified..it [sc. Myristine] may be rendered nearly colorless and inodorous, and is then a compound of glycerine with myristic acid.
1868 H. B. Jones & H. Watts Fownes's Man. Elem. Chem. (ed. 10) 730 Myristic Acid..occurs as a glyceride in Nutmeg-butter and Otoba fat.
1915 F. S. Hyde Solvents, Oils, Gums, Waxes 124 Wool grease..contains, besides fatty acids from soap employed in scouring,..esters of palmitic and myristic acids.
1967 I. L. Finar Org. Chem. (ed. 5) I. ix. 211 Lauric (dodecanoic)..and myristic (tetradecanoic) acid..occur as their glyceryl esters in certain vegetables.
1991 Lancet 19 Oct. 986/1 Hegsted thought that myristic acid was the most atherogenic, with about four times the cholesterol-raising potential of palmitic acid.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.1592
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