† munishv.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French muniss-, munir.

Etymology: < French muniss-, stem of munir (c1330 in Middle French) < classical Latin mūnīre to fortify (see munite v.): see -ish suffix². Compare Italian munire (1420), Spanish munir (1289–1592; subsequently 1925 as loan < French), Catalan munir (c1450), Portuguese munir.

Obsolete. rare.

transitive. To fortify, provide with means of defence.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > fortify [verb (transitive)]

fastenOE

enfirm1297

ofstrengthc1325

strengthc1325

warnc1330

ward1340

warnestorec1374

abattlec1380

embattlec1380

fortify1436

bulwark1450

strengthen1450

bastille1480

enstrength1483

rempare1525

munite1533

fence1535

force1535

ranforce1547

rampire1550

fort1559

ramforce1570

fortificate1575

refortify1579

ensconce1590

munify1596

sconce1598

renforce1602

harness1611

munish1633

tackle1645

schanze1901

1633 J. Done tr. ‘Aristeas’ Aunc. Hist. Septuagint 69 It is Scituated neare to the Temple in a most faire seate, munished [L. munita] with many Towers made of Stones of extreame greatnesse.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

单词	munish
释义	† munishv. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French muniss-, munir. Etymology: < French muniss-, stem of munir (c1330 in Middle French) < classical Latin mūnīre to fortify (see munite v.): see -ish suffix². Compare Italian munire (1420), Spanish munir (1289–1592; subsequently 1925 as loan < French), Catalan munir (c1450), Portuguese munir. Obsolete. rare. transitive. To fortify, provide with means of defence. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > fortify [verb (transitive)] fastenOE enfirm1297 ofstrengthc1325 strengthc1325 warnc1330 ward1340 warnestorec1374 abattlec1380 embattlec1380 fortify1436 bulwark1450 strengthen1450 bastille1480 enstrength1483 rempare1525 munite1533 fence1535 force1535 ranforce1547 rampire1550 fort1559 ramforce1570 fortificate1575 refortify1579 ensconce1590 munify1596 sconce1598 renforce1602 harness1611 munish1633 tackle1645 schanze1901 1633 J. Done tr. ‘Aristeas’ Aunc. Hist. Septuagint 69 It is Scituated neare to the Temple in a most faire seate, munished [L. munita] with many Towers made of Stones of extreame greatnesse. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online June 2021). < v.1633
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