morionn.¹

Brit.

/ˈmɒrɪən/, U.S.

/ˈmɔriən/

Forms: 1500s morien, 1500s morlion, 1500s morrian, 1500s morryan, 1500s moryan, 1500s moryen, 1500s moryn, 1500s muriane, 1500s murrien, 1500s murryon, 1500s–1600s morian, 1500s–1600s morren, 1500s–1600s moryon, 1500s–1600s murrain, 1500s–1600s murren, 1500s–1700s morrion, 1500s–1700s murrian, 1500s–1700s murrion, 1500s– morion, 1600s morioune, 1600s morrio (transmission error), 1600s morryoune, 1600s mourron, 1600s murion, 1600s murrin, 1600s murryane, 1700s moriam; Scottish pre-1700 mirrioun, pre-1700 moreon, pre-1700 morreon, pre-1700 morrion, pre-1700 morrioun, pre-1700 mureon, pre-1700 mureoun, pre-1700 murione, pre-1700 murran, pre-1700 murrean, pre-1700 murreon, pre-1700 murreoun, pre-1700 murreowne, pre-1700 murrion, pre-1700 murrioun, pre-1700 murron, pre-1700 1800s– morion.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Spanish. Etymons: French morion; Spanish morrión.

Etymology: < Middle French morion light helmet (1542) and its etymon Spanish morrión (1605; 1570 in form murrón ), probably < morra crown of the head (perhaps ultimately < the same Romance base as moraine n. and the first element of morfound v.). Compare Italian morione (1559), Portuguese morrião (1619), both probably < Spanish.With the 16th-cent. form morlion compare Dutch†morlioen , †morlion (see morillion n.). With sense 2 compare French morion punishment inflicted on soldiers (1605), so called in allusion to the hat suspended at the end of the shaft of the halberd which held the soldier while the punishment was inflicted. In French the word appears to have been in military rather than naval use, and to have denoted a number of blows with a pikestaff or the butt of a musket.

Armour. Now historical.

1. A kind of brimmed helmet resembling a hat, without a beaver or visor, worn chiefly by foot soldiers in the 16th and 17th centuries.Certain varieties are sometimes distinguished (esp. by modern historians) according to shape, as comb (also †cockscomb) morion, Spanish (also pear-shaped) morion, etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > helmet > [noun] > other types of helmet

kettle-hat1380

salletc1440

knapscall1498

armet1507

bonnet?a1513

morion1547

burgonet1570

heaume1572

Bourguignonne1578

castle1587

casquet1611

cabasset1622

casquetel1796

knapscapa1802

comb-cap1825

tilting-helmet1846

pickelhaube1853

Waterloo helmet1853

bell-shape1869

schapska1894

pudding basin1925

1547 Inventory Possessions Henry VIII in Archaeologia (1888) 51 272 Itm m^liiij^xx ix white Murrions.

1557 Act 4 & 5 Philip & Mary c. 2 §2 One Murrien or Sallet,..and one Steele Cappe or Sculle.

1563 in G. J. Piccope Lancs. & Cheshire Wills (1857) I. 141 A shirt of mayle w^th the hed peace or murren thereunto belonginge.

1590 Inventory Sir T. Ramsey in Archaeologia (1866) 40 331 Itm. xvij Spanish morrians at 2s. 6d. per pece. Itm. x come morrians at 16d.

1592 Countess of Pembroke tr. R. Garnier Antonius iv. sig. N3 The vseles morion shall On crooke hang by the wall.

c1600 Diurnal of Remarkable Occurrents (1833) 212 Ane greit number of hagbittis, corslattis and mirriounis, togedder with some vyne [etc.].

c1600 Hist. & Life James VI (1825) 84 In the ship was fundin..twa hundreth murrions [ed. 1804 murreownes].

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 480 The people of Thracia..do with Ivie..garnish the heads of their launces,..their mourrons also and targuets.

1622 F. Markham Five Decades Epist. of Warre i. ix. §3. 34 A Spanish Morian..bound downe with lined eare-plates vnderneath his chinne.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory (1905) iii. xix. 166/1 The Italians call such caps, a Morion, and we from them a Murrian.

1700 J. Dryden Chaucer's Palamon & Arcite iii, in Fables 65 Polish'd Steel that cast the View aside, And Crested Morions, with their Plumy Pride.

1808 W. Scott Marmion i. ix. 31 The soldiers of the guard, With musquet, pike, and morion.

1834 Gentleman's Mag. 96 158 The combatants' headpieces are different in form; one has a rim like a morion, and much resembles a modern hat.

1889 ‘M. Twain’ Connecticut Yankee ii. 38 Along the walls stood men-at-arms, in breastplate and morion, with halberds for their only weapon.

1907 Q. Rev. Jan. 83 It belongs to the school of poetry in which helmets are called morions.

1984 G. Jennings Journeyer 370 For a crown, he wore a simple gold morion helmet.

†2. A kind of punishment used at sea. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > punishment > other types of punishment > [noun] > military or naval punishments > used at sea

morion1626

1626 J. Smith Accidence Young Sea-men 4 The Marshall is..to see Iustice executed according to directions, as..setting in the bilbowes, and to pay the Cobty or the Morryoune.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

morionn.²

Brit.

/ˈmɒrɪən/, U.S.

/ˈmɔriən/

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French morion.

Etymology: < French morion (1562 in Middle French) < post-classical Latin morion, a misreading in some manuscripts and early editions of Pliny for classical Latin mormorion, of uncertain etymology (perhaps < Greek, although no suitable etymon is attested).

Mineralogy.

Smoky quartz of a dark brown or blackish colour.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > rock crystal > [noun] > smoky quartz

morion1748

smoky quartz1837

smoke quartz1872

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > tectosilicate > [noun] > quartz > crystalline quartzes > others

amethysta1300

citrine1571

morion1748

rose quartz1793

smoky quartz1837

citron1838

tea-stone1848

smoke quartz1872

Cupid's dart1910

1748 J. Hill Gen. Nat. Hist. I. ii. 470 Pramnion Morio sive Morion dictum. The Morion or Pramnion of the antients.

1794 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) I. 241 Mountain or Rock Crystal. When..pale or dark brown, or bronze falling into black, then called morion.

1866 W. T. Brande & G. W. Cox Dict. Sci., Lit. & Art (new ed.) II. 577/2 Morion, a lapidaries' name for black Rock Crystal.

1977 High Temperatures–High Pressures 9 704 Inhomogeneities in the form of gas–liquid inclusions, twinning and crystal defects are found in morion crystals at atmospheric pressure.

1990 C. Pellant Rocks, Minerals & Fossils 61 The very dark or black quartz is called Morion.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	morion
释义	morionn.¹ Brit. /ˈmɒrɪən/, U.S. /ˈmɔriən/ Forms: 1500s morien, 1500s morlion, 1500s morrian, 1500s morryan, 1500s moryan, 1500s moryen, 1500s moryn, 1500s muriane, 1500s murrien, 1500s murryon, 1500s–1600s morian, 1500s–1600s morren, 1500s–1600s moryon, 1500s–1600s murrain, 1500s–1600s murren, 1500s–1700s morrion, 1500s–1700s murrian, 1500s–1700s murrion, 1500s– morion, 1600s morioune, 1600s morrio (transmission error), 1600s morryoune, 1600s mourron, 1600s murion, 1600s murrin, 1600s murryane, 1700s moriam; Scottish pre-1700 mirrioun, pre-1700 moreon, pre-1700 morreon, pre-1700 morrion, pre-1700 morrioun, pre-1700 mureon, pre-1700 mureoun, pre-1700 murione, pre-1700 murran, pre-1700 murrean, pre-1700 murreon, pre-1700 murreoun, pre-1700 murreowne, pre-1700 murrion, pre-1700 murrioun, pre-1700 murron, pre-1700 1800s– morion. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Spanish. Etymons: French morion; Spanish morrión. Etymology: < Middle French morion light helmet (1542) and its etymon Spanish morrión (1605; 1570 in form murrón ), probably < morra crown of the head (perhaps ultimately < the same Romance base as moraine n. and the first element of morfound v.). Compare Italian morione (1559), Portuguese morrião (1619), both probably < Spanish.With the 16th-cent. form morlion compare Dutch†morlioen , †morlion (see morillion n.). With sense 2 compare French morion punishment inflicted on soldiers (1605), so called in allusion to the hat suspended at the end of the shaft of the halberd which held the soldier while the punishment was inflicted. In French the word appears to have been in military rather than naval use, and to have denoted a number of blows with a pikestaff or the butt of a musket. Armour. Now historical. 1. A kind of brimmed helmet resembling a hat, without a beaver or visor, worn chiefly by foot soldiers in the 16th and 17th centuries.Certain varieties are sometimes distinguished (esp. by modern historians) according to shape, as comb (also †cockscomb) morion, Spanish (also pear-shaped) morion, etc. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > helmet > [noun] > other types of helmet kettle-hat1380 salletc1440 knapscall1498 armet1507 bonnet?a1513 morion1547 burgonet1570 heaume1572 Bourguignonne1578 castle1587 casquet1611 cabasset1622 casquetel1796 knapscapa1802 comb-cap1825 tilting-helmet1846 pickelhaube1853 Waterloo helmet1853 bell-shape1869 schapska1894 pudding basin1925 1547 Inventory Possessions Henry VIII in Archaeologia (1888) 51 272 Itm m^liiij^xx ix white Murrions. 1557 Act 4 & 5 Philip & Mary c. 2 §2 One Murrien or Sallet,..and one Steele Cappe or Sculle. 1563 in G. J. Piccope Lancs. & Cheshire Wills (1857) I. 141 A shirt of mayle w^th the hed peace or murren thereunto belonginge. 1590 Inventory Sir T. Ramsey in Archaeologia (1866) 40 331 Itm. xvij Spanish morrians at 2s. 6d. per pece. Itm. x come morrians at 16d. 1592 Countess of Pembroke tr. R. Garnier Antonius iv. sig. N3 The vseles morion shall On crooke hang by the wall. c1600 Diurnal of Remarkable Occurrents (1833) 212 Ane greit number of hagbittis, corslattis and mirriounis, togedder with some vyne [etc.]. c1600 Hist. & Life James VI (1825) 84 In the ship was fundin..twa hundreth murrions [ed. 1804 murreownes]. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 480 The people of Thracia..do with Ivie..garnish the heads of their launces,..their mourrons also and targuets. 1622 F. Markham Five Decades Epist. of Warre i. ix. §3. 34 A Spanish Morian..bound downe with lined eare-plates vnderneath his chinne. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory (1905) iii. xix. 166/1 The Italians call such caps, a Morion, and we from them a Murrian. 1700 J. Dryden Chaucer's Palamon & Arcite iii, in Fables 65 Polish'd Steel that cast the View aside, And Crested Morions, with their Plumy Pride. 1808 W. Scott Marmion i. ix. 31 The soldiers of the guard, With musquet, pike, and morion. 1834 Gentleman's Mag. 96 158 The combatants' headpieces are different in form; one has a rim like a morion, and much resembles a modern hat. 1889 ‘M. Twain’ Connecticut Yankee ii. 38 Along the walls stood men-at-arms, in breastplate and morion, with halberds for their only weapon. 1907 Q. Rev. Jan. 83 It belongs to the school of poetry in which helmets are called morions. 1984 G. Jennings Journeyer 370 For a crown, he wore a simple gold morion helmet. †2. A kind of punishment used at sea. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > other types of punishment > [noun] > military or naval punishments > used at sea morion1626 1626 J. Smith Accidence Young Sea-men 4 The Marshall is..to see Iustice executed according to directions, as..setting in the bilbowes, and to pay the Cobty or the Morryoune. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). morionn.² Brit. /ˈmɒrɪən/, U.S. /ˈmɔriən/ Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French morion. Etymology: < French morion (1562 in Middle French) < post-classical Latin morion, a misreading in some manuscripts and early editions of Pliny for classical Latin mormorion, of uncertain etymology (perhaps < Greek, although no suitable etymon is attested). Mineralogy. Smoky quartz of a dark brown or blackish colour. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > rock crystal > [noun] > smoky quartz morion1748 smoky quartz1837 smoke quartz1872 the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > tectosilicate > [noun] > quartz > crystalline quartzes > others amethysta1300 citrine1571 morion1748 rose quartz1793 smoky quartz1837 citron1838 tea-stone1848 smoke quartz1872 Cupid's dart1910 1748 J. Hill Gen. Nat. Hist. I. ii. 470 Pramnion Morio sive Morion dictum. The Morion or Pramnion of the antients. 1794 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) I. 241 Mountain or Rock Crystal. When..pale or dark brown, or bronze falling into black, then called morion. 1866 W. T. Brande & G. W. Cox Dict. Sci., Lit. & Art (new ed.) II. 577/2 Morion, a lapidaries' name for black Rock Crystal. 1977 High Temperatures–High Pressures 9 704 Inhomogeneities in the form of gas–liquid inclusions, twinning and crystal defects are found in morion crystals at atmospheric pressure. 1990 C. Pellant Rocks, Minerals & Fossils 61 The very dark or black quartz is called Morion. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1547n.²1748
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morionn.1

morionn.2

morionn.¹

morionn.²