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单词 morganism
释义

Morganismn.

Brit. /ˈmɔːɡənɪz(ə)m/, /ˈmɔːɡn̩ɪz(ə)m/, U.S. /ˈmɔrɡəˌnɪz(ə)m/
Origin: From a proper name, combined with an English element; probably modelled on a Russian lexical item. Etymons: proper name Morgan , -ism suffix.
Etymology: < the name of Thomas Hunt Morgan (see morgan n.4) + -ism suffix, probably after Russian morganizm.The concept was apparently first referred to in Russian as morgano-mendelevskaja teorija Morgan–Mendelian theory (A. S. Serebrovskij 1926, in Pod znamenem marksizma 3 113).
Biology. Now historical.
Mendelian genetics as propounded by T. H. Morgan, incorporating a theory of the gene that is now generally accepted; spec. classical genetics as practised in the Soviet Union and other communist countries in the mid 20th cent., esp. as the object of polemical opposition by proponents of Lysenkoism.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > theories > [noun] > of genetics or evolution
theory of preformation1756
Darwinizing1807
development hypothesis1845
generationism1847
theory of evolution1858
Darwinism1860
Darwinianism1861
monogenesis1864
monogenism1865
monogeny1865
pangenesis1868
evolutionism1869
phylogeny1869
polygenism1871
derivation1874
phylogenesis1875
transformism1878
biogenetic law1879
gastraea theory1879
fortuitism1881
organicism1883
hereditism1884
kinetogenesis1884
Lamarckianism1884
Lamarckism1884
neo-Lamarckianism1884
monogenesy1885
neo-Lamarckism1887
preformationism1890
neo-Darwinism1891
blastogenesis1893
Haeckel-ismus1894
Weismannism1894
preformism1895
Haeckelism1899
mutation theory1902
directivity1903
Mendelianism1903
Mendelism1903
hereditarianism1906
mutationism1912
selectionism1912
hologenesis1931
parsimony1931
Morganism1934
Lysenkoism1948
neutralism1972
punctuated equilibrium1972
saltationism1975
punctuationism1977
punctuationalism1978
adaptationism1980
geneticism1984
adaptationalism1985
1934 H. J. Muller in Pamjati V. I. Lenina (Akad. Nauk SSSR) 572 The great bulk of the facts of real significance, subsequent to 1911, and practically all after 1913, were found by the younger workers quite independently of any guidance from him, in experiments which they had planned... Their results and interpretations were, however, later accepted by Morgan and presented chiefly by him to the scientific and lay public, so that these developments have sometimes been referred to, especially in circles farthest removed from contact with the original work, as ‘Morganism’.
1950 A. Huxley Themes & Variations 167 The canonization of Lysenko and the anathema pronounced on ‘reactionary Morganism’.
1963 Ethics 73 224/1 In 1930, a conference at the Communist Academy rejected both Lamarckism and Morganism as ‘bourgeois’ theories, leaving the way open for a new biology..[which] was to appear in the mid-thirties in the form of Lysenko's Michurinism.
1984 Jrnl. Asian Stud. 43 536 In China after 1950 Western classical genetics (Morganism) was banned in favor of Soviet-derived Michurin genetics, controlled by Lysenko.
1992 Q. Rev. Biol. 67 490/2 Classical genetics was proclaimed to be reactionary Mendelism and Morganism, and ceased to be taught in the schools.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1934
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