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单词 modulate
释义

modulateadj.

Forms: 1500s modolate, 1500s modulate.
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin modulātus.
Etymology: < classical Latin modulātus musically attuned, harmonious, use as adjective of past participle of modulārī (see modulate v.).
Obsolete.
Modulated; harmonious.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > [adjective]
samtalec1175
samentalea1300
accordingc1300
accordantc1350
covenablec1384
concordable1393
accorda1413
suant1418
consonant1489
convenablea1500
concordant1512
semblable1513
convenient1526
modulatec1530
harmonical1531
harmoniacal1536
agreeable1540
concurrent1542
suitable1568
concinne1569
harmonial1569
sympathical1570
tunable1573
coherenta1575
conspiring1576
well-consenting1579
well-consorted1583
congruous1599
high-tuned1603
symbolizing1611
unjarring1620
concording1627
congruenta1637
harmonious1638
friendlya1641
unclashing1642
complying1646
symphoniacal1650
consistent1651
consentaneous1652
consentivea1657
symbolical1667
concordiousa1670
sympathetic1673
congenerous1677
symbolizant1685
congenial1693
symphonious1743
harmonic1756
concentual1782
undiscordant1819
concordial1822
attuned1833
connate1836
sympathetical1848
concentuous1850
consenting1858
consilient1867
tuned in1958
the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > suitability or appropriateness > [adjective] > that is in due proportion or proportionate > adjusted in due proportion
proportionedc1395
modulatec1530
proportionated1612
modulateda1806
c1530 in Anglia (1908) 31 386 All plesure, pastyme, & modolate sonour, whyche by ther rowolyng make musicall armony.
1592 R. Dallington tr. F. Colonna Hypnerotomachia f. 24v So in a modulate and well composed building, to sustaine great weights, Naues are appointed.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2002; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

modulatev.

Brit. /ˈmɒdjᵿleɪt/, /ˈmɒdʒᵿleɪt/, U.S. /ˈmɑdʒəˌleɪt/
Forms: 1500s– modulate; also Scottish pre-1700 modulat (past participle).
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin modulāt-, modulārī.
Etymology: < classical Latin modulāt-, past participial stem (compare -ate suffix3) of modulārī to regulate (sounds) in accordance with the rules of melody, pitch, etc., to set to music, to make music, to measure < modulus modulus n. Compare Middle French, French moduler (1458 in sense ‘to render by various inflections of the voice’, 1703 in sense ‘to change one's tone’, 1902 in sense 5; rare before 18th cent.), Italian modulare (a1492 in sense ‘to sing’, a1590 in sense ‘to change tone’), Old Occitan modular (a1500; Occitan modular ), Portuguese modular (1572), Spanish modular (mid 15th cent.). Compare earlier modulator n. and slightly earlier modulate adj.
1.
a. transitive. To sing, intone (a song, etc.) correctly, according to certain rules of melody; to give (a note) its proper measure or duration. Also: to play (a note) correctly on an instrument. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > singing > sing [verb (transitive)]
singc825
leadOE
galea1000
record1483
chant1566
modulate?1567
carol?1578
strain1589
relish1592
lyrica1704
vocalize1782
lip1789
flute1842
?1567 M. Parker Whole Psalter xcii. 260 To thy good name: O God so hye: due laudes to modulate.
c1570 Art of Music (BL Add. 4911) f. 4v, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Modulat Quhow mekill the propir noit thair in the cantione is wontit to be modulat.
1623 H. Cockeram Eng. Dict. Modulate, to sing by measure.
1636 C. Butler Princ. Musik i. i. 1 Musik is the Art of modulating Notes in voice or instrument.
b. intransitive. To play on an instrument; to make melody. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > playing instruments > play instrument [verb (intransitive)]
playeOE
glewc900
sound1382
modulate1698
1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 174 Who hearing one sweetly modulating on an Ismean Pipe, swore he would rather hear the neighing of an Horse.
2.
a. transitive. To vary the tone, pitch, or strength of (one's voice, a note, etc.); to vary or inflect in tone; to give tune or melody to, to adapt to a new tune. Also in figurative context. Also with †to, †unto.In quot. 1746: to set the pitch of, to tune.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > quality of voice > impart specific tone or quality [verb (transitive)]
modulatec1570
quiver1660
tone1811
inflect1828
tanga1849
the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > adaptation or adjustment > adapt or adjust [verb (transitive)] > make proportionate (to)
proportiona1398
qualify1548
modulatec1570
proportionate1570
measure1590
cantle1603
apportion1615
equal1618
commensurate1660
scantle1711
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > pitch > tuning or intonation > tune [verb (transitive)]
temperc1300
set?1473
tune1505
entune1523
modulatec1570
retune1606
to tune upa1718
attune1728
society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > singing > sing [verb (transitive)] > modulate voice
modulatec1570
tune1596
c1570 Art of Music (BL Add. 4911) f. 30v, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Modulat In the quhilk nocht alanely the figuris bot also the ordinaris of singis is to be obserwit eftir the quhilk the noittis now hiear now lawer aw to be modulat.
1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 911 The second vse [of the tongue] is to breake the ayer that is driuen out of the Lungs and to Modulate the voyce.
1701 N. Grew Cosmol. Sacra i. v. §21 The Nose, Lips, Teeth, Palate, Jaw, Tongue,..All serving to make, or to modulate the Sound.
1725 W. Broome in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey I. iv. Observ. 261 Is it credible that any person could modulate her voice so artfully as to resemble so many voices?
1746 H. Walpole Let. to H. Mann 28 Mar. Gluck..is to play on a set of drinking-glasses, which he modulates with water.
1762 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy V. iii. 24 He listened to the voice of nature, and modulated his own unto it.
1788 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall V. lii. 443 The songs of triumph were modulated to psalms and litanies.
1814 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Vision III. xx. 23 As sound Of cittern, at the fret-board, or of pipe, Is, at the wind-hole, modulate and tun'd.
1830 T. De Quincey Life R. Bentley in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Oct. 673/1 Bentley's English style was less meritorious... He took no pains with it... He would not stop to modulate a tuneless sentence.
1872 C. H. Spurgeon Treasury of David III. Ps. lxvi. 2 The noise is to be modulated with tune and time.
1889 Harper's Mag. Oct. 680 We are conscious of a murmuring humble voice: it is a beggar, who is modulating a prayer for alms.
1902 J. Conrad Heart of Darkness ii, in Youth 115 A complaining clamour, modulated in savage discords, filled our ears.
1932 G. Greene Stamboul Train ii. i. 87 The doubt made her less certain of herself and she spoke gently, more gently than she had intended, for it was difficult to modulate her husky voice.
1990 A. J. Tierney et al. Elements Nursing (BNC) 106 Some people have low, monotonous voices and others can modulate the voice for effective and varied expression.
b. intransitive. poetic. To become attuned with. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > vocal music > admit of being sung [verb (intransitive)] > be sung in harmony
modulate1816
1816 P. B. Shelley Alastor 4 I wait thy breath, Great Parent, that my strain May modulate with murmurs of the air,..And voice of living beings.
3.
a. intransitive. Music. To pass from one key or mode to or into another; to change key. Of a key: to change in this way. Also in figurative context.to modulate upon: to introduce (a note) as a transition to another key (obsolete).
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > pitch > system of sounds or intervals > systems of sounds or intervals [verb (intransitive)] > change key
modulate1721
1721 A. Malcolm Treat. Musick xiii. 441 To modulate into and make Cadences upon several other Keys.
1721 A. Malcolm Treat. Musick xiii. 446 It now remains to shew, how to modulate from one Key to another, so that the Transitions may be easy and natural.
1797 Encycl. Brit. XII. 192/1 To modulate properly in the same tone, it is necessary, 1. To run through all the sounds of it in an agreeable air [etc.].
1797 Encycl. Brit. XII. 193/1 Issuing from the major mode of ut, to modulate upon its mediant.
1856 Southern Literary Messenger Dec. 447/1 He [sc. Burns] wrote Amang the Rigs of Barley with quite as much gusto, and modulated into that key a great deal oftener than into any other.
1889 E. Prout Harmony (ed. 3) x. 104 A minor key most often modulates to one of the related major keys.
1890 A. B. Bach Art Ballad 128 Loewe here modulates..from G minor into E flat minor.
1947 Penguin Music Mag. Dec. 29 After the climax Mendelssohn duly modulates to his ‘recapitulation-section’.
1991 Classic CD Dec. 22/1 The music modulates to the completely remote key of F sharp minor for the start of the development.
b. transitive. Music. To pass to (a particular note) in the course of performing a melody. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > melody or succession of sounds > melody [verb (transitive)] > melodic progression
invert1737
modulate1797
1797 Encycl. Brit. XII. 512/1 After having sung the tone ut, we naturally modulate the third mi, and the fifth sol, instead of the double octave of mi, and the octave of sol.
c. intransitive. gen. To change from one form or condition into another; to undergo shifting or transition in style, mood, or subject.
ΚΠ
1878 T. Hardy Return of Native ii. v, in Belgravia Apr. 252 ‘Upon my song 'tis another ten minutes for us,’ said the Valiant Soldier, looking through the keyhole as the tune modulated into another without stopping.
1885 S. Cox Expos. xi. 131 In the middle of verse 5, the invocation of a divine advent modulates into a sorrowful and pathetic confession of sin.
1960 Partisan Rev. Fall 609 In literary criticism..artless enthusiasm..has modulated into..more restrained yea-saying.
1984 P. Rose Parallel Lives (1985) 15 Love can modulate into affection without driving two people apart.
1996 Observer 29 Dec. 27/2 At its finest..Coleridge's borrowings modulate into something ‘rich and strange’ very much his own.
4.
a. transitive. gen. To set or regulate in a certain measure and proportion; to adjust, temper, vary conformably to; to soften, temper, tone down.Often coloured by suggestion of one of the more technical senses according to context.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > reduce in quantity, amount, or degree [verb (transitive)] > tone down
temperc1000
modifyc1385
softenc1410
tame?a1500
qualify1536
temperatea1540
extenuate1561
supple1609
dilute1665
palliate1665
weaken1683
subdue1723
lower1780
modulate1783
to shade away1817
to water down1832
to water down1836
sober1838
veil1843
to tone down1847
to break down1859
soothe1860
tone1884
to key down1891
soft-pedal1912
1783 E. Burke Speech Fox's E. India Bill in Wks. (1815) IV. 43 I shall certainly endeavour to modulate myself to this temper.
1797 A. Radcliffe Italian I. ii. 77 She determined to modulate that nature to her own views.
1832 Ld. Tennyson Eleänore in Poems (new ed.) 28 Motions flow To one another, even as tho' They were modulated so To an unheard melody.
1858 H. Bushnell Serm. for New Life (1869) xii. 168 He learns how to modulate and operate his will.
1890 G. Gissing Emancipated I. ii. 40 Cecily could not sing, but her voice declared her of those who think in song, whose minds are modulated to the poetry, not to the prose, of life.
1904 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Mar. 345/2 His glance..travelled from the walls lined with well-bound books to the lamps modulated to the proper light.
1991 L. Miller Lett. from Lost Generation p. xxix MacLeish's letters..are..artfully modulated with an undertone of restraint which gives them emotional resonance.
b. transitive. To exert a modifying or controlling influence on; to regulate. (Chiefly in technical contexts.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > lack of violence, severity, or intensity > make less violent or severe [verb (transitive)]
temperc1000
keelc1175
slakea1300
abate?c1335
settle1338
swagea1340
modifyc1385
rebatea1398
bate1398
moder1414
releasea1425
remiss?a1425
moderate1435
alethe?1440
delaya1450
appal1470
addulce1477
mollify1496
mean?a1513
relent1535
qualify1536
temperatea1540
aplake1578
slack1589
relaxate1598
milden1603
mitigate1611
relax1612
alleniate1615
allay1628
alloy1634
castigate1653
smoothen1655
tendera1656
mitify1656
meeken1662
remitigate1671
obviscate1684
slacken1685
chastise1704
dulcify1744
absorb1791
demulceate1817
chasten1856
modulate1974
mediate1987
1847 R. W. Emerson Poems 147 The rhyme of the poet Modulates the king's affairs, Balance-loving nature Made all things in pairs.
1937 Amer. Home Apr. 152/1 (advt.) Hoffman Controlled Heat accurately modulates the heat supply to every variation in the weather.
1974 Sci. Amer. Nov. 39/1 The steam flow is modulated by a control valve actuated by a speed governor on the rotor.
1993 Sci. & Public Affairs. Winter 33/1 Our own efforts, like those of other major plant breeders, have focused on modulating the ripening process.
5. Chiefly Physics and Engineering.
a. transitive. To vary the amplitude, frequency, or other characteristic of (an electromagnetic wave or other oscillating signal, or a beam of particles) in accordance with the variations of a second signal, typically one of lower frequency. Also: to vary (the amplitude, etc., of a wave) in this way.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > telecommunication > [verb (transitive)] > modulate
modulate1908
phase-modulate1941
pulse1957
frequency-modulate1962
undermodulate1962
1908 Trans. Amer. Inst. Electr. Engineers 27 575 For wireless telephony three things are necessary:..2. Means for modulating this stream of waves in accordance with sound waves.
1941 Electronic Engin. 14 485/1 The direct transmission and reception of speech or music over long distances..is impractical and propagation of audio frequencies is usually accomplished by using them to modulate an R.F. wave acting as carrier.
1959 Chambers's Encycl. II. 591/2 In broadcasting on long, medium and short waves it is normally the amplitude which is modulated.
1965 Science 8 Oct. 153/3 The simplest way to modulate a beam of light..is to turn the generator of light on and off.
1972 Sci. Amer. Sept. 132/2 The received signal is decoded into its components and used to modulate three independent electron beams.
1984 M. Dittrick & D. Dittrick No Uncertain Terms 75 The synchrocyclotron..solves this problem by modulating the frequency of the accelerating voltage, decreasing it to keep in step with the particle as it grows increasingly ponderous.
1990 Music Technol. Apr. 80/2 If the polarising signal is then modulated by an analogue signal in the audio range it will actually work as a loudspeaker.
b. transitive. To apply a signal to (a device) that modulates its output signal.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electronics > electronic phenomena > processes > [verb (transitive)] > modulate (a device)
modulate1920
1920 P. E. Edelman Exper. Wireless Stations (rev. ed.) xv. 238 Starting with a telephone transmitter, this may be used to grid modulate one vacuum tube which in turn is cascaded to several others.
1953 W. A. Edson Vacuum-tube Oscillators xvi. 391 Magnetrons are ordinarily modulated by applying a large negative pulse to the cathode.
1989 Music Technol. Oct. 32/1 It has a force sensor so when you press hard on the key you can modulate the oscillators and route the modulation through the filters.
c. transitive. To impress (a signal) on to a carrier wave by modulation.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electronics > electronic phenomena > processes > [verb (transitive)] > modulate (a signal)
modulate1930
1930 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 16 503 By the use of amplifiers, the light signal could be modulated directly on the carrier wave.
1962 A. Nisbett Technique Sound Studio 267 A system for distributing audio information by modulating it on to a high frequency carrier..which is then amplified..and broadcast.
1970 J. Earl How to choose Tuners & Amplifiers v. 118 This [signal] cannot be added direct to the L + R information fed to the transmitter. First it has to be modulated on to a subcarrier of 38kHz.
1985 Music 2 Feb. 33/1 This is recorded first... The video information is then modulated on top.
6. intransitive. Biology. Of a cell: to undergo modulation into a different form (see modulation n. 8).
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > biological processes > cellular processes > [verb (intransitive)] > modulation
modulate1956
1956 C. H. Waddington Princ. Embryol. xvi. 361 When differentiated vertebrate cells are grown in tissue culture.., they ‘modulate’ into less-specialised forms which may appear to be dedifferentiated.
1964 N. T. Spratt Introd. Cell Differentiation vi. 68 Although cells of cultured tissues may undergo temporary dedifferentiation (that is, may modulate), permanent loss of basic properties which distinguish the cells as to type seems to be rare.
1994 Tissue & Cell 26 747/1 Fibroblasts during the proliferative stage of the disease appear to modulate into specialized cells termed ‘myofibroblasts’.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.c1530v.?1567
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