Mitanniadj.n.

Brit.

/mᵻˈtani/, U.S.

/məˈtæni/

Inflections: Plural unchanged.

Forms: 1800s– Mitanni, 1900s– Mitani, 1900s– Mittani.

Origin: From a proper name. Etymons: proper name Mitanni, Mitani, Mittani.

Etymology: < Mitanni (also in forms Mitani and Mittani), name of an ancient Middle Eastern kingdom, of uncertain origin. Compare slightly earlier Mitannian adj. and n.While it is known that the Mitanni kingdom was largely Hurrian, other languages were used there, and the name is more likely of Semitic or Indo-European origin. The word is first attested as the name of a foreign country or people in an Egyptian biographical inscription of c1500 b.c.; it was first made known in Europe through German scholarship of the late 19th cent., and occurs slightly earlier in English as the name of the kingdom. Compare:1888 Contemp. Rev. Aug. 300 The largest number [of a recently discovered collection of letters] relate to Queen Tii..who..was the daughter of Dusratta, King of Mitanni..called Naharina by the Egyptians.1890 A. H. Sayce in Zeitschr. f. Assyrologie 5 260 The letter of Dusratta king of Mitanni..is sufficiently long to give us a little insight into the language in which it is written.

Ancient History.

A. adj.

Of or relating to the people, language, or kingdom of Mitanni, a largely Hurrian kingdom centred on the Habur and Upper Euphrates which flourished in the 15th and 14th cent. b.c.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > isolates or no known affiliations > [adjective] > Hurrian

Vannic1882

Mitannian1897

Mitanni1898

Hurrian1928

1898 Science 19 Aug. 218 The Amarna tablets speak of the Mitanni princess as ‘blue-eyed’.

1911 Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 182/2 From cuneiform sources we know the names of six other Mitanni rulers.

1973 A. Malamat in D. J. Wiseman Peoples Old Test. Times vi. 149 The Aramaeans were..strongly influenced..in Mesopotamia by the remnants of the Mitanni culture.

1989 J. P. Mallory In Search of Indo-Europeans ii. 38 By the thirteenth century the Mitanni kingdom collapses.

B. n.

1. A member of the predominant people of Mitanni.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > ancient peoples of the Middle East and Asia Minor > [noun]

AmalekOE

Amalekitea1382

Massagetaea1398

Jebusite1535

Massagetes1561

Hyksos1602

Philistia1857

Hatti1874

Mitanni1909

1909 Jrnl. Royal Anthropol. Inst. 39 413 Winckler..clearly states his belief that the Mitani were in the mass ethnically kin to the Hatti.

1948 G. R. Driver Semitic Writing iii. 131 The proto-Elamites in the East and the Hittites and the Mitanni in the north devised their own systems of pictographic and cuneiform writing.

1989 J. P. Mallory In Search of Indo-Europeans ii. 37 The language of the Mittani was Hurrian, which we have already met in eastern Anatolia and north Syria.

2. The language of the Mitanni; = Hurrian n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > isolates or no known affiliations > [noun] > Hurrian > Mitanni

Mitannian1900

Mitanni1933

1933 L. Bloomfield Lang. iv. 65 Extinct languages of an older time..Mitanni, east of Mesopotamia, from around 1400 b.c.

1952 Trans. Philol. Soc. 117 Chance..has also apparently left us without a ŭ-stem among the Indoeuropean borrowings into certain languages of the ancient Near East—Mitanni, Kassite, Lycian and the like.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	mitanni
释义	Mitanniadj.n. Brit. /mᵻˈtani/, U.S. /məˈtæni/ Inflections: Plural unchanged. Forms: 1800s– Mitanni, 1900s– Mitani, 1900s– Mittani. Origin: From a proper name. Etymons: proper name Mitanni, Mitani, Mittani. Etymology: < Mitanni (also in forms Mitani and Mittani), name of an ancient Middle Eastern kingdom, of uncertain origin. Compare slightly earlier Mitannian adj. and n.While it is known that the Mitanni kingdom was largely Hurrian, other languages were used there, and the name is more likely of Semitic or Indo-European origin. The word is first attested as the name of a foreign country or people in an Egyptian biographical inscription of c1500 b.c.; it was first made known in Europe through German scholarship of the late 19th cent., and occurs slightly earlier in English as the name of the kingdom. Compare:1888 Contemp. Rev. Aug. 300 The largest number [of a recently discovered collection of letters] relate to Queen Tii..who..was the daughter of Dusratta, King of Mitanni..called Naharina by the Egyptians.1890 A. H. Sayce in Zeitschr. f. Assyrologie 5 260 The letter of Dusratta king of Mitanni..is sufficiently long to give us a little insight into the language in which it is written. Ancient History. A. adj. Of or relating to the people, language, or kingdom of Mitanni, a largely Hurrian kingdom centred on the Habur and Upper Euphrates which flourished in the 15th and 14th cent. b.c. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > isolates or no known affiliations > [adjective] > Hurrian Vannic1882 Mitannian1897 Mitanni1898 Hurrian1928 1898 Science 19 Aug. 218 The Amarna tablets speak of the Mitanni princess as ‘blue-eyed’. 1911 Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 182/2 From cuneiform sources we know the names of six other Mitanni rulers. 1973 A. Malamat in D. J. Wiseman Peoples Old Test. Times vi. 149 The Aramaeans were..strongly influenced..in Mesopotamia by the remnants of the Mitanni culture. 1989 J. P. Mallory In Search of Indo-Europeans ii. 38 By the thirteenth century the Mitanni kingdom collapses. B. n. 1. A member of the predominant people of Mitanni. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > ancient peoples of the Middle East and Asia Minor > [noun] AmalekOE Amalekitea1382 Massagetaea1398 Jebusite1535 Massagetes1561 Hyksos1602 Philistia1857 Hatti1874 Mitanni1909 1909 Jrnl. Royal Anthropol. Inst. 39 413 Winckler..clearly states his belief that the Mitani were in the mass ethnically kin to the Hatti. 1948 G. R. Driver Semitic Writing iii. 131 The proto-Elamites in the East and the Hittites and the Mitanni in the north devised their own systems of pictographic and cuneiform writing. 1989 J. P. Mallory In Search of Indo-Europeans ii. 37 The language of the Mittani was Hurrian, which we have already met in eastern Anatolia and north Syria. 2. The language of the Mitanni; = Hurrian n. 2. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > isolates or no known affiliations > [noun] > Hurrian > Mitanni Mitannian1900 Mitanni1933 1933 L. Bloomfield Lang. iv. 65 Extinct languages of an older time..Mitanni, east of Mesopotamia, from around 1400 b.c. 1952 Trans. Philol. Soc. 117 Chance..has also apparently left us without a ŭ-stem among the Indoeuropean borrowings into certain languages of the ancient Near East—Mitanni, Kassite, Lycian and the like. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1898
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