minimalistn.adj.

Brit.

/ˈmɪnᵻml̩ɪst/, U.S.

/ˈmɪnəmələst/

Inflections: Plural minimalists, (in sense A. 1) (rare) minimalisti.

Forms: also with capital initial.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: minimal adj., -ist suffix.

Etymology: < minimal adj. + -ist suffix. In sense A. 1 after Russian minimalist (ultimately < classical Latin minimum minimum n.; compare note below); in sense B. 1 after Russian minimalistskij. Compare French minimaliste (1918 in sense A. 1(b); compare note below).Quot. 1917 at sense A. 1 mistranslates Russian men′ševik Menshevik n.; compare the first attestation of French minimaliste (1918), also in this sense. The early confusion of Russian minimalist and men′shevik is reflected in dictionaries of the time, e.g.:1919 C. A. Smith New Words Self-defined 28 Synonyms for Bolsheviki and Mensheviki are Maximalists and Minimalists. This helps to explain the definition of sense A. 1 given in O.E.D. Suppl. (1976): ‘= Menshevik n.’. With this confusion of sense compare the notes s.vv. Menshevik n. and adj. and maximalist n. and adj.

A. n.

1. Politics. Usually in form Minimalist. (a) A member of the more moderate section of the Russian Social Revolutionary Party which opposed the extremist tactics of the Maximalists during the 1905 Revolution (now historical); (b) a Menshevik (rare); (c) (more widely) a person who advocates small or moderate reforms or policies; one who believes in minimal change or intervention.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > politics > Russian politics > [noun] > Menshevism > Menshevik

Menshevik1906

minimalist1906

Menshevist1919

soft1930

society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > specific political theories or doctrines > [noun] > other political theories or doctrines > adherents of

quietist1783

restrictionist1812

progressist1844

abstentionist1857

progressive1884

productivist1892

white supremacist1896

restrictivist1899

minimalist1906

renovationist1920

Eurasian1922

communalist1927

Europasian1928

cultural Marxist1998

1906 Times 18 Oct. 3 The Bolsheviki, now a minority, are almost indistinguishable from the Minimalisti of the Social Revolutionary party.

1907 I. Zangwill Ghetto Comedies 468 ‘Ah, you're a Maximalist,’ said the beadle. ‘No, I am only a Minimalist. I merely want the minimum—that we save our own lives.’

1917 19th Cent. July 141 The Mensheviki or Minimalists (Moderate Socialists)... The Bolsheviki (Extreme Socialists).

1918 E. P. Stebbing From Czar to Bolshevik iii. 25 The Social Democrats consisted chiefly of Bolsheviks with a smaller Menshevik group. The Social Revolutionaries were subdivided into Maximalists and Minimalists.

1922 Blackwood's Mag. June 820/2 The delegation represented not only Communists, but also Minimalists and the converted intelligentsia.

1954 Ann. Reg. 1953 153 There were the ‘maximalists’ (Germany and the Netherlands),..and the ‘minimalists’ (France) who wanted the E.P.C. to be little more than a system of inter-governmental association and co-operation.

1975 Polit. Sci. Q. 90 378 He discovers five main types [of cabinet ministers]: Minimalists, limiting themselves largely to defending their own departments in Parliament; [etc.].

1992 London Rev. Bks. 26 Mar. 11/3 The Community..[is] clearly becoming more than the mere market that British minimalists and Thatcherites hoped it would remain.

a. Art. An artist who employs a minimal style. See minimal adj. 6a.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > period, movement, or school of art > late 19th and 20th centuries > [noun] > minimalism > artist

reductivist1958

minimalist1967

1967 J. Perrault in Arts Mag. Mar. 29/1 The new industrial materials employed by the Minimalists represent a great breakthrough for sculpture.

1973 Phaidon Dict. 20th Cent. Art 254/1 The immediate predecessors of the Minimalists were Ad Reinhardt and Josef Albers, who brought to their canvases the ‘exclusive, negative, absolute, and timeless’ quality so desired by the Minimal artists.

1993 Guardian 7 Sept. ii. 5/2 She feels herself closer to his views than the Minimalists, who tended to claim her as their own after her grid formation paintings began to appear in the sixties.

b. Music. A composer or performer of minimal music. See minimal adj. 6c.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > composing music > composer > [noun] > composer by type of music

fuguist1789

symphonist1789

melodist1826

threnodist1827

instrumentalist1838

melophonist1847

polyphonist1864

musical dramatist1866

operettist1867

tone poet1874

orchestrator1875

French Impressionist1876

monodist1888

romantic1892

neoclassicist1899

orchestralist1899

variationist1900

mensuralist1901

tone-painter1903

impressionist1908

pre-Romantic1918

phrase-maker1924

polytonalist1925

atonalist1929

dodecaphonist1953

serialist1954

twelve-toner1955

miniaturist1962

minimalist1969

tonalist1982

1969 E. Salzman in New Amer. Rev. 6 86 This is..the position of..the minimalists who consciously reduce art work to a single unitary experience in order to give it definition.

1982 N.Y. Times 23 Nov. c11 Mr. Gibson, who..has also worked with Steve Reich, Philip Glass and other ‘minimalists’.

1991 Opera News Sept. 24/3 Atonality is beginning to crumble. The minimalists are sinking of their own dead weight.

2000 Scotl. on Sunday (Nexis) 20 Aug. 4 He is scathing about the tastes of the ‘mass’ audience—those soothed by the semi-religious smoochery of Gorecki or Arvo Part, or the hypnotic twitter of the minimalists.

c. gen. Any person whose work is characterized by simplicity, brevity, or starkness.

ΚΠ

1977 New Yorker 26 Sept. 126/2 She's a minimalist, like Beckett, stripping her drama down to the bones of monodrama.

1990 Vogue Sept. 202 A minimalist at heart, he pares down every design and stretches the line to the limit.

1992 N.Y. Mag. 3 Feb. 35/2 He went to amateur night at Catch a Rising Star. And froze. The best he could do was blurt out his list of joke topics... The crowd laughed, apparently mistaking him for a minimalist.

2000 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 2 Sept. a17 One of the most evocative minimalists in dance today, Sally Gross will present new works performed by her small, dramatically resonant company.

3. An advocate or proponent of minimalism; a person who rejects superfluity or excess.

ΚΠ

1983 J. Krantz Mistral's Daughter xxv. 368 Nadine was, in her own way, a Minimalist, who made her statement with the fewest possible elements.

1991 Unix World Aug. 115/2 To minimalists who think there should only be one way to do something, Perl seems hopelessly redundant and derivative.

1996 Independent (Electronic ed.) 14 Dec. Minimalists buy bare-branched [Christmas] trees like witches' broomsticks.

2000 Birmingham Post (Nexis) 13 Sept. 4 Even the most ardent minimalists have trivia that they can't bring themselves to throw away.

B. adj.

1. Politics. Of, relating to, or characteristic of minimalists or minimalism; advocating moderate policies; (of a political system, process, etc.) involving minimum change or intervention.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > specific political theories or doctrines > [adjective] > other political theories or doctrines

radical1783

progressive1830

progressist1843

abstentionist1857

restrictionist1858

communalist1871

mutualistic1874

militant1876

possibilist1881

productivist1892

radical feminist1905

rejectionist1909

minimalist1917

pan-Asian1917

maximalist1918

one-world1919

Eurasian1922

gradualistic1926

Europasian1928

gradualist1931

social revolutionary1931

renovationist1934

restrictivist1936

identitarian1943

cultural Marxist1949

1917 Times 23 June 7/1 At the ‘All Russia’ Congress of the Workmen's and Soldiers' Delegates the ‘Minimalist Socialists’ have defined their programme.

1920 Jrnl. Polit. Econ. 28 641 This conservative wing of the farmer party..while it holds aloof from the utopian socialism of the maximalists..is no more ready to align itself with the minimalist camp within the American Federation of Labor.

1956 Rev. Econ. & Statistics 38 195/2 The law cloaked but did not resolve two divergent views—minimalist and maximalist—of the goal to be sought.

1972 Times 19 Oct. 1/6 A minimalist summit, dealing only with well tried issues of economic integration.

1987 Polit. Q. 58 248 The minimalist state of late-eighteenth and early nineteenth-century Britain was appropriate for an industrial pioneer.

1994 Time 17 Oct. 34/1 Just last week he derailed a minimalist lobbying-reform bill.

a. Of an artistic work, etc.: characterized by simplicity and lack of adornment; reduced to the most basic elements of style, form, or content. Of an artist, writer, etc.: employing the techniques of minimalism.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > plainness > [adjective]

nakedOE

simplea1382

meanc1450

rural1488

misorned1512

inornate?1518

barec1540

broad1588

bald1589

kersey1598

russet1598

unvarnisheda1616

unembellished1630

illaborate1631

severe1665

renable1674

small1678

unadorned1692

inelaborate1747

unlarded1748

chaste1753

uncoloured1845

minimalist1929

spare1965

1929 D. Burliuk John Graham (Exhib. Catal.) Minimalist painting is purely realistic—the subject being the painting itself.

1967 J. Perrault in Arts Mag. Mar. 26/1 The event that..brought this new Minimalist tendency into the public focus..was the Jewish Museum's ‘Primary Structures’ show of sculpture.

1969 Manch. Guardian Weekly 1 May 20 Tony Smith, usually taken as the original minimalist sculptor..is well represented by large sculptures.

1975 New Yorker 30 June 87/1 ‘Esplanade’ doesn't force you to think about it technically, whereas ‘minimalist’ dance..does because it's often so cryptic.

1982 R. Carver Fires (1985) 30 My stories are unadorned, stripped down, even ‘minimalist’.

1996 Times 13 Nov. 16/1 The season's simple, minimalist styles just won't work without heels.

2000 Sunday Mirror (Electronic ed.) 24 Sept. We've moved into a show flat with a minimalist kitchen that looks lovely but is short on storage space.

b. Music. Of a musical composition: characterized by the repetition of very short phrases which change gradually, producing a hypnotic effect. Of a composer: writing music of this type.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > [adjective] > style of composition

grandc1666

romantic1836

routinier1837

parodistic1845

rococo1868

virtuose1873

virtuosic1879

galant1884

polymorphous1890

monothematic1894

rococo1904

impressionistic1908

salon1914

gallant1925

athematic1935

non-thematic1946

minimalistic1947

stochastic1958

progressive1963

minimal1968

post-minimal1971

minimalist1977

1977 Newsweek (Nexis) 6 Dec. 101 What is new is the music of the 39-year-old Glass, who is one of the leaders among the so-called minimalist composers.

1990 Opera Now May 60/1 His compositional style merged a few jazz percussion elements with minimalist melodic riffs and instrumental echoes of Janáček.

1995 Classic CD July 26/1 The minimalist pioneers Philip Glass and John Cage.

3. gen. Basic, simple; pared down to the minimum elements necessary to achieve a desired result.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > smallness of quantity, amount, or degree > [adjective] > smallest or slightest > least possible

minimal1666

irreducible1860

minimalistic1947

minimalist1985

1985 InfoWorld (Nexis) 24 June 44 First there's an overview of the package using a sample database, then there's a simple walk-through... The effect is a kind of minimalist tutorial.

1987 Fortune 21 Dec. 43/1 An increasingly popular route to greater efficiency is cutting the corporate staff... Life in the new minimalist corporation is tougher but simpler.

1993 L. Colwin More Home Cooking xi. 60 There are times in life..when one's soul cries out for minimalist food: clean, plain and nontaxing.

1997 Runner's World Sept. 48/1 You don't always want the fastest-looking, most minimalist racing shorts.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2002; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	minimalist
释义	minimalistn.adj. Brit. /ˈmɪnᵻml̩ɪst/, U.S. /ˈmɪnəmələst/ Inflections: Plural minimalists, (in sense A. 1) (rare) minimalisti. Forms: also with capital initial. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: minimal adj., -ist suffix. Etymology: < minimal adj. + -ist suffix. In sense A. 1 after Russian minimalist (ultimately < classical Latin minimum minimum n.; compare note below); in sense B. 1 after Russian minimalistskij. Compare French minimaliste (1918 in sense A. 1(b); compare note below).Quot. 1917 at sense A. 1 mistranslates Russian men′ševik Menshevik n.; compare the first attestation of French minimaliste (1918), also in this sense. The early confusion of Russian minimalist and men′shevik is reflected in dictionaries of the time, e.g.:1919 C. A. Smith New Words Self-defined 28 Synonyms for Bolsheviki and Mensheviki are Maximalists and Minimalists. This helps to explain the definition of sense A. 1 given in O.E.D. Suppl. (1976): ‘= Menshevik n.’. With this confusion of sense compare the notes s.vv. Menshevik n. and adj. and maximalist n. and adj. A. n. 1. Politics. Usually in form Minimalist. (a) A member of the more moderate section of the Russian Social Revolutionary Party which opposed the extremist tactics of the Maximalists during the 1905 Revolution (now historical); (b) a Menshevik (rare); (c) (more widely) a person who advocates small or moderate reforms or policies; one who believes in minimal change or intervention. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > politics > Russian politics > [noun] > Menshevism > Menshevik Menshevik1906 minimalist1906 Menshevist1919 soft1930 society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > specific political theories or doctrines > [noun] > other political theories or doctrines > adherents of quietist1783 restrictionist1812 progressist1844 abstentionist1857 progressive1884 productivist1892 white supremacist1896 restrictivist1899 minimalist1906 renovationist1920 Eurasian1922 communalist1927 Europasian1928 cultural Marxist1998 1906 Times 18 Oct. 3 The Bolsheviki, now a minority, are almost indistinguishable from the Minimalisti of the Social Revolutionary party. 1907 I. Zangwill Ghetto Comedies 468 ‘Ah, you're a Maximalist,’ said the beadle. ‘No, I am only a Minimalist. I merely want the minimum—that we save our own lives.’ 1917 19th Cent. July 141 The Mensheviki or Minimalists (Moderate Socialists)... The Bolsheviki (Extreme Socialists). 1918 E. P. Stebbing From Czar to Bolshevik iii. 25 The Social Democrats consisted chiefly of Bolsheviks with a smaller Menshevik group. The Social Revolutionaries were subdivided into Maximalists and Minimalists. 1922 Blackwood's Mag. June 820/2 The delegation represented not only Communists, but also Minimalists and the converted intelligentsia. 1954 Ann. Reg. 1953 153 There were the ‘maximalists’ (Germany and the Netherlands),..and the ‘minimalists’ (France) who wanted the E.P.C. to be little more than a system of inter-governmental association and co-operation. 1975 Polit. Sci. Q. 90 378 He discovers five main types [of cabinet ministers]: Minimalists, limiting themselves largely to defending their own departments in Parliament; [etc.]. 1992 London Rev. Bks. 26 Mar. 11/3 The Community..[is] clearly becoming more than the mere market that British minimalists and Thatcherites hoped it would remain. 2. a. Art. An artist who employs a minimal style. See minimal adj. 6a. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > period, movement, or school of art > late 19th and 20th centuries > [noun] > minimalism > artist reductivist1958 minimalist1967 1967 J. Perrault in Arts Mag. Mar. 29/1 The new industrial materials employed by the Minimalists represent a great breakthrough for sculpture. 1973 Phaidon Dict. 20th Cent. Art 254/1 The immediate predecessors of the Minimalists were Ad Reinhardt and Josef Albers, who brought to their canvases the ‘exclusive, negative, absolute, and timeless’ quality so desired by the Minimal artists. 1993 Guardian 7 Sept. ii. 5/2 She feels herself closer to his views than the Minimalists, who tended to claim her as their own after her grid formation paintings began to appear in the sixties. b. Music. A composer or performer of minimal music. See minimal adj. 6c. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > composing music > composer > [noun] > composer by type of music fuguist1789 symphonist1789 melodist1826 threnodist1827 instrumentalist1838 melophonist1847 polyphonist1864 musical dramatist1866 operettist1867 tone poet1874 orchestrator1875 French Impressionist1876 monodist1888 romantic1892 neoclassicist1899 orchestralist1899 variationist1900 mensuralist1901 tone-painter1903 impressionist1908 pre-Romantic1918 phrase-maker1924 polytonalist1925 atonalist1929 dodecaphonist1953 serialist1954 twelve-toner1955 miniaturist1962 minimalist1969 tonalist1982 1969 E. Salzman in New Amer. Rev. 6 86 This is..the position of..the minimalists who consciously reduce art work to a single unitary experience in order to give it definition. 1982 N.Y. Times 23 Nov. c11 Mr. Gibson, who..has also worked with Steve Reich, Philip Glass and other ‘minimalists’. 1991 Opera News Sept. 24/3 Atonality is beginning to crumble. The minimalists are sinking of their own dead weight. 2000 Scotl. on Sunday (Nexis) 20 Aug. 4 He is scathing about the tastes of the ‘mass’ audience—those soothed by the semi-religious smoochery of Gorecki or Arvo Part, or the hypnotic twitter of the minimalists. c. gen. Any person whose work is characterized by simplicity, brevity, or starkness. ΚΠ 1977 New Yorker 26 Sept. 126/2 She's a minimalist, like Beckett, stripping her drama down to the bones of monodrama. 1990 Vogue Sept. 202 A minimalist at heart, he pares down every design and stretches the line to the limit. 1992 N.Y. Mag. 3 Feb. 35/2 He went to amateur night at Catch a Rising Star. And froze. The best he could do was blurt out his list of joke topics... The crowd laughed, apparently mistaking him for a minimalist. 2000 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 2 Sept. a17 One of the most evocative minimalists in dance today, Sally Gross will present new works performed by her small, dramatically resonant company. 3. An advocate or proponent of minimalism; a person who rejects superfluity or excess. ΚΠ 1983 J. Krantz Mistral's Daughter xxv. 368 Nadine was, in her own way, a Minimalist, who made her statement with the fewest possible elements. 1991 Unix World Aug. 115/2 To minimalists who think there should only be one way to do something, Perl seems hopelessly redundant and derivative. 1996 Independent (Electronic ed.) 14 Dec. Minimalists buy bare-branched [Christmas] trees like witches' broomsticks. 2000 Birmingham Post (Nexis) 13 Sept. 4 Even the most ardent minimalists have trivia that they can't bring themselves to throw away. B. adj. 1. Politics. Of, relating to, or characteristic of minimalists or minimalism; advocating moderate policies; (of a political system, process, etc.) involving minimum change or intervention. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > specific political theories or doctrines > [adjective] > other political theories or doctrines radical1783 progressive1830 progressist1843 abstentionist1857 restrictionist1858 communalist1871 mutualistic1874 militant1876 possibilist1881 productivist1892 radical feminist1905 rejectionist1909 minimalist1917 pan-Asian1917 maximalist1918 one-world1919 Eurasian1922 gradualistic1926 Europasian1928 gradualist1931 social revolutionary1931 renovationist1934 restrictivist1936 identitarian1943 cultural Marxist1949 1917 Times 23 June 7/1 At the ‘All Russia’ Congress of the Workmen's and Soldiers' Delegates the ‘Minimalist Socialists’ have defined their programme. 1920 Jrnl. Polit. Econ. 28 641 This conservative wing of the farmer party..while it holds aloof from the utopian socialism of the maximalists..is no more ready to align itself with the minimalist camp within the American Federation of Labor. 1956 Rev. Econ. & Statistics 38 195/2 The law cloaked but did not resolve two divergent views—minimalist and maximalist—of the goal to be sought. 1972 Times 19 Oct. 1/6 A minimalist summit, dealing only with well tried issues of economic integration. 1987 Polit. Q. 58 248 The minimalist state of late-eighteenth and early nineteenth-century Britain was appropriate for an industrial pioneer. 1994 Time 17 Oct. 34/1 Just last week he derailed a minimalist lobbying-reform bill. 2. a. Of an artistic work, etc.: characterized by simplicity and lack of adornment; reduced to the most basic elements of style, form, or content. Of an artist, writer, etc.: employing the techniques of minimalism. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > plainness > [adjective] nakedOE simplea1382 meanc1450 rural1488 misorned1512 inornate?1518 barec1540 broad1588 bald1589 kersey1598 russet1598 unvarnisheda1616 unembellished1630 illaborate1631 severe1665 renable1674 small1678 unadorned1692 inelaborate1747 unlarded1748 chaste1753 uncoloured1845 minimalist1929 spare1965 1929 D. Burliuk John Graham (Exhib. Catal.) Minimalist painting is purely realistic—the subject being the painting itself. 1967 J. Perrault in Arts Mag. Mar. 26/1 The event that..brought this new Minimalist tendency into the public focus..was the Jewish Museum's ‘Primary Structures’ show of sculpture. 1969 Manch. Guardian Weekly 1 May 20 Tony Smith, usually taken as the original minimalist sculptor..is well represented by large sculptures. 1975 New Yorker 30 June 87/1 ‘Esplanade’ doesn't force you to think about it technically, whereas ‘minimalist’ dance..does because it's often so cryptic. 1982 R. Carver Fires (1985) 30 My stories are unadorned, stripped down, even ‘minimalist’. 1996 Times 13 Nov. 16/1 The season's simple, minimalist styles just won't work without heels. 2000 Sunday Mirror (Electronic ed.) 24 Sept. We've moved into a show flat with a minimalist kitchen that looks lovely but is short on storage space. b. Music. Of a musical composition: characterized by the repetition of very short phrases which change gradually, producing a hypnotic effect. Of a composer: writing music of this type. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > [adjective] > style of composition grandc1666 romantic1836 routinier1837 parodistic1845 rococo1868 virtuose1873 virtuosic1879 galant1884 polymorphous1890 monothematic1894 rococo1904 impressionistic1908 salon1914 gallant1925 athematic1935 non-thematic1946 minimalistic1947 stochastic1958 progressive1963 minimal1968 post-minimal1971 minimalist1977 1977 Newsweek (Nexis) 6 Dec. 101 What is new is the music of the 39-year-old Glass, who is one of the leaders among the so-called minimalist composers. 1990 Opera Now May 60/1 His compositional style merged a few jazz percussion elements with minimalist melodic riffs and instrumental echoes of Janáček. 1995 Classic CD July 26/1 The minimalist pioneers Philip Glass and John Cage. 3. gen. Basic, simple; pared down to the minimum elements necessary to achieve a desired result. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > smallness of quantity, amount, or degree > [adjective] > smallest or slightest > least possible minimal1666 irreducible1860 minimalistic1947 minimalist1985 1985 InfoWorld (Nexis) 24 June 44 First there's an overview of the package using a sample database, then there's a simple walk-through... The effect is a kind of minimalist tutorial. 1987 Fortune 21 Dec. 43/1 An increasingly popular route to greater efficiency is cutting the corporate staff... Life in the new minimalist corporation is tougher but simpler. 1993 L. Colwin More Home Cooking xi. 60 There are times in life..when one's soul cries out for minimalist food: clean, plain and nontaxing. 1997 Runner's World Sept. 48/1 You don't always want the fastest-looking, most minimalist racing shorts. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2002; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.adj.1906
随便看	ticing tick tick all the boxes tick all the right boxes tick and tock tick and toy tick box tick fever tick genus tick paralysis tick plague tick pyaemia tick spot tick the boxes tick the right boxes tick typhus tick up tick-a-tack tick-a-tick tick-bean tick-bird tick-borne tick-borne fever tick-eater tick-fly