microphonen.

Brit.

/ˈmʌɪkrəfəʊn/, U.S.

/ˈmaɪkrəˌfoʊn/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: micro- comb. form, -phone comb. form.

Etymology: < micro- comb. form + -phone comb. form, after microscope n. (see quot. 1684 at sense 1). In sense 2 partly after telephone n. (see note below).

†1. A mechanical device (such as an ear trumpet) by which faint sounds can be made more audible. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > audibility > sound magnification or reproduction > [noun] > other amplifying devices

micracoustic1684

microphone1684

polyacoustic1684

resonator1864

resonance cavity1867

resonance chamber1870

aerophone1878

megaphone1878

sphygmophone1879

phonendoscope1895

auxetophone1904

stentorphone1921

1684 Bp. N. Marsh in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 14 482 As Microscopes or Magnifying Glasses, help the Eye to see near Objects, that by reason of their smallness were invisible before..: So Microphones or Micracousticks, that is, Magnifying ear instruments may be contriv'd after that manner, that they shall render the most minute Sound in nature distinctly Audible.

1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Microphones, instruments for magnifying small sounds.

1827 C. Wheatstone in Q. Jrnl. Sci., Lit. & Art July ii. 69 An instrument which, from its rendering audible the weakest sounds, may with propriety be called the Microphone.

1842 W. T. Brande Dict. Sci., Lit. & Art 739/2 Microphone, an instrument for increasing the intensity of low sounds.

1859 Proc. Royal Soc. 1857–9 9 202 This distinguished philosopher [sc. Wheatstone] constructed the instrument named a Microphone, for the purpose of augmenting weak sounds upon this principle.

1880 ‘M. Twain’ Tramp Abroad xiii I bent the flaps of them down and furled them into five or six folds, and pressed them against the hearing-orifice—but it did no good: the faculty was so sharpened by nervous excitement that it was become a microphone and could hear through the overlays without trouble.

2. Originally: a telephone transmitter capable of amplifying faint sounds. Now: any instrument designed to convert sound waves into corresponding variations in voltage or current, which may then be amplified, reconverted into sound (as in broadcasting and the telephone), or recorded. Colloquially abbreviated mike.Hughes's instrument was simply a particularly sensitive telephonic transmitter (hence the name: see quot. 1889). Modifications of it were so widely used that microphone became synonymous with transmitter and acquired its present more general meaning.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > audibility > sound magnification or reproduction > [noun] > microphone

carbon transmitter1878

microphone1878

carbon microphone1879

pantelephone1881

phonoscope1890

mike1911

condenser microphone1921

magnetophone1922

radio microphone1922

ionophone1924

crystal microphone1925

ribbon microphone1925

radio mike1926

laryngophone1927

velocity microphone1931

ribbon mike1933

pressure microphone1934

bug1936

eight ball1937

ribbon1937

throat microphone1937

throat mike1937

rifle microphone1938

parabolic microphone1939

lip microphone1941

intercept1942

spike mike1950

spy-mike1955

spy-microphone1960

mic1961

rifle mike1961

gun microphone1962

spike microphone1962

shotgun microphone1968

Lavallière1972

wire1973

sneaky1974

multi-mikes1990

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > audibility > sound magnification or reproduction > [noun] > microphone > in telephone

microphone1878

society > communication > telecommunication > telegraphy or telephony > telephony > telephone equipment > [noun] > telephone > parts of telephone

induction coil1837

ferrotype1857

telephone receiver1875

mouthpiece1877

receiver1877

microphone1878

telephone trumpet1879

magneto bell1882

magneto call bella1884

rest1883

hook1885

receptor1898

telephone dial1898

ringer1899

dial1900

Button A (or B)1922

switch hook1922

phone bell1924

hybrid coil1925

cradle1929

dial wheel1938

hybrid transformer1941

scriber1968

fascia1973

1878 D. E. Hughes in Proc. Royal Soc. 27 365 I have also devised an instrument suitable for magnifying weak sounds, which I call a microphone. The microphone, in its present form, consists simply of a lozenge-shaped piece of gas carbon, one inch long [etc.].

1889 W. H. Preece & J. Maier Telephone iv. 37 Hughes' Microphone... The microphone is nothing but a telephonic transmitter, but it owes its name..to its power to convert vibrations of feeble intensity into undulatory currents, which, passing through a receiving telephone, produce sonorous vibrations of much greater intensity than those of the original source.

1891 F. C. Allsop Telephones ii. 20 Prof. Hughes's microphone..forms the basis on which all the modern carbon transmitters are constructed.

1923 W. S. Churchill World Crisis II. 291 Already the microphone or hydrophone for detecting the beat of a submarine propeller in the distance had been discovered.

1923 E. W. Marchant Radio Telegr. vi. 76 Suppose..that the emission of waves from the transmitting aerial is controlled by means of a microphone, such as is employed in the ordinary telephone transmitter, the stream of waves given out by the antenna will be varied in accordance with the fluctuations in the current passing through the microphone.

1929 Morning Post 24 May 12/7 The engineer..in film-direction..has the last word as to whether the actor is speaking the line effectively for the microphone.

1935 H. C. Bryson Gramophone Rec. iii. 59 Three main kinds of microphone are in common use: the carbon microphone, the condenser microphone, and the moving coil microphone.

1962 A. Nisbett Technique Sound Studio ii. 42 As an example of the sort of set-up which can be adopted in this type of studio is one where no less than six microphones were used for a quarter-hour playlet.

1970 M. L. Gayford in T. L. Squires Telecommunications Pocket Bk. iv. 36 The standard modern telephone sets now in production in most countries represent a considerable improvement over earlier sets... Improved designs of microphone and receiver give a generally better frequency response and transient response.

1987 B. Moore Colour of Blood xxii. 167 Half a dozen men and women hurried toward their car, some with cameras, some with microphones and sound equipment.

2000 Personal Finance Jan. 16/2 To use the software you'll need a good sound card—preferably SoundBlaster compatible, and a microphone designed for speech recognition.

Compounds

microphone boom n. a boom (boom n.² 1d) supporting a microphone.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > audibility > sound magnification or reproduction > [noun] > microphone > boom for microphone

microphone boom1931

lazy arm1960

1931 L. Cowan Recording Sound for Motion Pictures 377 Microphone boom, crane-like device for supporting and manipulating microphone.

1954 Time 12 July 47/3 Joan Diener, instead of being forced to stand near a microphone boom in order to be heard, was able to move at will in a TV studio by means of a tiny concealed microphone transmitter.

1985 New Yorker 2 Dec. 98/2 Sound man holding up angled microphone booms.

1998 GQ Aug. 200/2 The harsh set lamps illuminate the scene and the microphone boom hovers above the couple, catching every groan and cry of pleasure.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	microphone
释义	microphonen. Brit. /ˈmʌɪkrəfəʊn/, U.S. /ˈmaɪkrəˌfoʊn/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: micro- comb. form, -phone comb. form. Etymology: < micro- comb. form + -phone comb. form, after microscope n. (see quot. 1684 at sense 1). In sense 2 partly after telephone n. (see note below). †1. A mechanical device (such as an ear trumpet) by which faint sounds can be made more audible. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > audibility > sound magnification or reproduction > [noun] > other amplifying devices micracoustic1684 microphone1684 polyacoustic1684 resonator1864 resonance cavity1867 resonance chamber1870 aerophone1878 megaphone1878 sphygmophone1879 phonendoscope1895 auxetophone1904 stentorphone1921 1684 Bp. N. Marsh in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 14 482 As Microscopes or Magnifying Glasses, help the Eye to see near Objects, that by reason of their smallness were invisible before..: So Microphones or Micracousticks, that is, Magnifying ear instruments may be contriv'd after that manner, that they shall render the most minute Sound in nature distinctly Audible. 1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Microphones, instruments for magnifying small sounds. 1827 C. Wheatstone in Q. Jrnl. Sci., Lit. & Art July ii. 69 An instrument which, from its rendering audible the weakest sounds, may with propriety be called the Microphone. 1842 W. T. Brande Dict. Sci., Lit. & Art 739/2 Microphone, an instrument for increasing the intensity of low sounds. 1859 Proc. Royal Soc. 1857–9 9 202 This distinguished philosopher [sc. Wheatstone] constructed the instrument named a Microphone, for the purpose of augmenting weak sounds upon this principle. 1880 ‘M. Twain’ Tramp Abroad xiii I bent the flaps of them down and furled them into five or six folds, and pressed them against the hearing-orifice—but it did no good: the faculty was so sharpened by nervous excitement that it was become a microphone and could hear through the overlays without trouble. 2. Originally: a telephone transmitter capable of amplifying faint sounds. Now: any instrument designed to convert sound waves into corresponding variations in voltage or current, which may then be amplified, reconverted into sound (as in broadcasting and the telephone), or recorded. Colloquially abbreviated mike.Hughes's instrument was simply a particularly sensitive telephonic transmitter (hence the name: see quot. 1889). Modifications of it were so widely used that microphone became synonymous with transmitter and acquired its present more general meaning. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > audibility > sound magnification or reproduction > [noun] > microphone carbon transmitter1878 microphone1878 carbon microphone1879 pantelephone1881 phonoscope1890 mike1911 condenser microphone1921 magnetophone1922 radio microphone1922 ionophone1924 crystal microphone1925 ribbon microphone1925 radio mike1926 laryngophone1927 velocity microphone1931 ribbon mike1933 pressure microphone1934 bug1936 eight ball1937 ribbon1937 throat microphone1937 throat mike1937 rifle microphone1938 parabolic microphone1939 lip microphone1941 intercept1942 spike mike1950 spy-mike1955 spy-microphone1960 mic1961 rifle mike1961 gun microphone1962 spike microphone1962 shotgun microphone1968 Lavallière1972 wire1973 sneaky1974 multi-mikes1990 the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > audibility > sound magnification or reproduction > [noun] > microphone > in telephone microphone1878 society > communication > telecommunication > telegraphy or telephony > telephony > telephone equipment > [noun] > telephone > parts of telephone induction coil1837 ferrotype1857 telephone receiver1875 mouthpiece1877 receiver1877 microphone1878 telephone trumpet1879 magneto bell1882 magneto call bella1884 rest1883 hook1885 receptor1898 telephone dial1898 ringer1899 dial1900 Button A (or B)1922 switch hook1922 phone bell1924 hybrid coil1925 cradle1929 dial wheel1938 hybrid transformer1941 scriber1968 fascia1973 1878 D. E. Hughes in Proc. Royal Soc. 27 365 I have also devised an instrument suitable for magnifying weak sounds, which I call a microphone. The microphone, in its present form, consists simply of a lozenge-shaped piece of gas carbon, one inch long [etc.]. 1889 W. H. Preece & J. Maier Telephone iv. 37 Hughes' Microphone... The microphone is nothing but a telephonic transmitter, but it owes its name..to its power to convert vibrations of feeble intensity into undulatory currents, which, passing through a receiving telephone, produce sonorous vibrations of much greater intensity than those of the original source. 1891 F. C. Allsop Telephones ii. 20 Prof. Hughes's microphone..forms the basis on which all the modern carbon transmitters are constructed. 1923 W. S. Churchill World Crisis II. 291 Already the microphone or hydrophone for detecting the beat of a submarine propeller in the distance had been discovered. 1923 E. W. Marchant Radio Telegr. vi. 76 Suppose..that the emission of waves from the transmitting aerial is controlled by means of a microphone, such as is employed in the ordinary telephone transmitter, the stream of waves given out by the antenna will be varied in accordance with the fluctuations in the current passing through the microphone. 1929 Morning Post 24 May 12/7 The engineer..in film-direction..has the last word as to whether the actor is speaking the line effectively for the microphone. 1935 H. C. Bryson Gramophone Rec. iii. 59 Three main kinds of microphone are in common use: the carbon microphone, the condenser microphone, and the moving coil microphone. 1962 A. Nisbett Technique Sound Studio ii. 42 As an example of the sort of set-up which can be adopted in this type of studio is one where no less than six microphones were used for a quarter-hour playlet. 1970 M. L. Gayford in T. L. Squires Telecommunications Pocket Bk. iv. 36 The standard modern telephone sets now in production in most countries represent a considerable improvement over earlier sets... Improved designs of microphone and receiver give a generally better frequency response and transient response. 1987 B. Moore Colour of Blood xxii. 167 Half a dozen men and women hurried toward their car, some with cameras, some with microphones and sound equipment. 2000 Personal Finance Jan. 16/2 To use the software you'll need a good sound card—preferably SoundBlaster compatible, and a microphone designed for speech recognition. Compounds microphone boom n. a boom (boom n.² 1d) supporting a microphone. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > audibility > sound magnification or reproduction > [noun] > microphone > boom for microphone microphone boom1931 lazy arm1960 1931 L. Cowan Recording Sound for Motion Pictures 377 Microphone boom, crane-like device for supporting and manipulating microphone. 1954 Time 12 July 47/3 Joan Diener, instead of being forced to stand near a microphone boom in order to be heard, was able to move at will in a TV studio by means of a tiny concealed microphone transmitter. 1985 New Yorker 2 Dec. 98/2 Sound man holding up angled microphone booms. 1998 GQ Aug. 200/2 The harsh set lamps illuminate the scene and the microphone boom hovers above the couple, catching every groan and cry of pleasure. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1684
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