melancholiousadj.

Brit.

/ˌmɛlənˈkəʊlɪəs/,

/ˌmɛləŋˈkəʊlɪəs/, U.S.

/ˌmɛl(ə)nˈkoʊliəs/,

/ˌmɛl(ə)nˈkɑliəs/

Forms: Middle English malancholious, Middle English malancoleous, Middle English malancolious, Middle English malecoliowus, Middle English malencolious, Middle English malencoliouse, Middle English malencolius, Middle English malencolyous, Middle English malencolyouse, Middle English malencolyows, Middle English malencolyus, Middle English malincolyows, Middle English malyncolious, Middle English malyncolyous, Middle English malyncolyouse, Middle English melancoliouse, Middle English melencolyous, Middle English–1500s malincolyous, Middle English–1500s melancolyous, Middle English–1600s melancolious, 1500s malacolious, 1500s melencolous, 1500s– melancholious, 1600s malanchollyous; Scottish pre-1700 malancolious, pre-1700 malancolius, pre-1700 mallancoleous, pre-1700 melancholiows, pre-1700 melancholius, pre-1700 melancolious, pre-1700 melancolius, pre-1700 mellancolious, 1700s melancholyous, 1700s– melancholious, 1800s melancholeous.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French melancolieus.

Etymology: < Middle French melancolieus (early 13th cent. in Old French; French mélancolieux ) < melancolie melancholy n.¹ + -eus -ous suffix. Compare Middle Dutch melancolioos.

Now rare.

1. Inclined to melancholy; (Medicine) †of a melancholic constitution (obsolete); affected with melancholy, gloomy. Also, of a sound, etc.: expressive or suggestive of melancholy.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > melancholy > [adjective]

melancholiousa1393

melancholica1398

darkc1440

adustc1460

melancholyc1475

as melancholy as a cat1592

allichollya1616

fuliginous1646

atrabilious1651

atrabilary1676

atrabilarian1678

hipped1712

splenetic1759

atrabiliarious1761

melancholish1775

atrabiliar1833

atrabiliary1839

atrabilarious1882

the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > [adjective] > irascible (of person)

hotOE

wooda1250

hastivec1300

irous1303

hastya1350

angrya1387

melancholiousa1393

quicka1400

irefulc1400

melancholyc1450

turnec1480

iracundiousa1492

passionatea1500

fumish1523

irascible1530

wrothful1535

fierya1540

warm1547

choleric1556

hot at hand1558

waspish1566

incensive1570

bilious1571

splenative1593

hot-livered1599

short1599

spitfire1600

warm-tempered1605

temperless1614

sulphurous1616

angryable1662

huffy1680

hastish1749

peppery1778

quick-tempered1792

inflammable1800

hair-triggered1806

gingery1807

spunky1809

iracund1821

irascid1823

wrathy1828

frenzy1859

gunpowdery1868

gunpowderous1870

tempersome1875

exacerbescent1889

tempery1905

lightningy1906

temperish1925

short-fused1979

the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > melancholy > [adjective] > expressive of melancholy

melancholiousa1393

melancholyc1475

melancholic1584

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iii. 87 (MED) I wode as doth the wylde Se And am so malencolious, That ther nys servant in myn hous..That ech of hem ne stant in doute And wenen that I scholde rave.

c1410 in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1896) II. 451 Ȝef þou grucche aȝeyns god, with þi grucchynge þou makest thi sowle moore feble..ffor nothyng is wers to a seeek [sic] man þan to be malencolious.

?c1430 (c1400) J. Wyclif Eng. Wks. (1880) 215 (MED) Whanne þei ben out of reson, as wroþ & malencolious.

a1450 (c1435) J. Lydgate Life SS. Edmund & Fremund (Harl.) 465 in C. Horstmann Altengl. Legenden (1881) 2nd Ser. 405 Malencolius of face, look, and cheer.

c1450 (c1380) G. Chaucer House of Fame 30 Som man is to curious In studye, or melancolyous.

?1473 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Recuyell Hist. Troye (1894) I. lf. 11^v Sorowfull syghes and melancolyous fantasies.

1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. cccxlvi. 547 This pope..was a fumisshe man and malincolyous.

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 816 Whether it were by the inspiracion of the holy ghost, or by Melencolous disposition, I had diuers and sundrie imaginations howe [etc.].

1583 P. Barrough Methode of Phisicke i. xxviii. 35 They that be melancholious, haue straunge imaginations.

c1650 J. Row & J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) 368 The King was sad and melancolious.

1786 R. Burns Poems 68 Come, join the melancholious croon O' Robin's reed!

1847 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair (1848) xi. 92 The Rector..added, in a melancholious tone [etc.].

1897 S. R. Crockett Lads' Love iii. 31 The sufferer..from whom..most melancholious sounds..continually proceeded.

1921 J. Buchan Path of King xii. 231 He was a quiet man and for general melancholious, but I guess he could be amusing when he wanted to.

†2. Medicine. Containing black bile; tending to cause melancholy; characteristic of melancholy. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disordered secretion > [adjective] > bilious disorders > causing

melancholicc1385

melancholiousa1400

melancholya1425

choleric?1533

a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 171 (MED) Þe splene..drawiþ malancolious blood of þe lyuere.

a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 273 Varicosa schal be curid..wiþ purgaciouns of malancholious blood.

c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 71 The tane [star or planet] is sangwyne, the tothir is malancolious.

1562 W. Bullein Bk. Simples f. 78^v, in Bulwarke of Defence It bredeth choler adust, and melancholious diseases.

1583 P. Barrough Methode of Phisicke i. xxviii. 35 In them the state of the body is slender, black, rough and altogether melancholious.

a1614 J. Melville Autobiogr. & Diary (1842) 219 Mr. James, being a melancholian of constitution, falls in a heavie disease, quhilk resolved in a melancolius dysenterie.

1638 H. Adamson Muses Threnodie 31 Remember yee not how Gall in those dayes Did you comfort, lest melancholius fits Had you opprest, your spleen so neerelie sits.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	melancholious
释义	melancholiousadj. Brit. /ˌmɛlənˈkəʊlɪəs/, /ˌmɛləŋˈkəʊlɪəs/, U.S. /ˌmɛl(ə)nˈkoʊliəs/, /ˌmɛl(ə)nˈkɑliəs/ Forms: Middle English malancholious, Middle English malancoleous, Middle English malancolious, Middle English malecoliowus, Middle English malencolious, Middle English malencoliouse, Middle English malencolius, Middle English malencolyous, Middle English malencolyouse, Middle English malencolyows, Middle English malencolyus, Middle English malincolyows, Middle English malyncolious, Middle English malyncolyous, Middle English malyncolyouse, Middle English melancoliouse, Middle English melencolyous, Middle English–1500s malincolyous, Middle English–1500s melancolyous, Middle English–1600s melancolious, 1500s malacolious, 1500s melencolous, 1500s– melancholious, 1600s malanchollyous; Scottish pre-1700 malancolious, pre-1700 malancolius, pre-1700 mallancoleous, pre-1700 melancholiows, pre-1700 melancholius, pre-1700 melancolious, pre-1700 melancolius, pre-1700 mellancolious, 1700s melancholyous, 1700s– melancholious, 1800s melancholeous. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French melancolieus. Etymology: < Middle French melancolieus (early 13th cent. in Old French; French mélancolieux ) < melancolie melancholy n.¹ + -eus -ous suffix. Compare Middle Dutch melancolioos. Now rare. 1. Inclined to melancholy; (Medicine) †of a melancholic constitution (obsolete); affected with melancholy, gloomy. Also, of a sound, etc.: expressive or suggestive of melancholy. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > melancholy > [adjective] melancholiousa1393 melancholica1398 darkc1440 adustc1460 melancholyc1475 as melancholy as a cat1592 allichollya1616 fuliginous1646 atrabilious1651 atrabilary1676 atrabilarian1678 hipped1712 splenetic1759 atrabiliarious1761 melancholish1775 atrabiliar1833 atrabiliary1839 atrabilarious1882 the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > [adjective] > irascible (of person) hotOE wooda1250 hastivec1300 irous1303 hastya1350 angrya1387 melancholiousa1393 quicka1400 irefulc1400 melancholyc1450 turnec1480 iracundiousa1492 passionatea1500 fumish1523 irascible1530 wrothful1535 fierya1540 warm1547 choleric1556 hot at hand1558 waspish1566 incensive1570 bilious1571 splenative1593 hot-livered1599 short1599 spitfire1600 warm-tempered1605 temperless1614 sulphurous1616 angryable1662 huffy1680 hastish1749 peppery1778 quick-tempered1792 inflammable1800 hair-triggered1806 gingery1807 spunky1809 iracund1821 irascid1823 wrathy1828 frenzy1859 gunpowdery1868 gunpowderous1870 tempersome1875 exacerbescent1889 tempery1905 lightningy1906 temperish1925 short-fused1979 the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > melancholy > [adjective] > expressive of melancholy melancholiousa1393 melancholyc1475 melancholic1584 a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iii. 87 (MED) I wode as doth the wylde Se And am so malencolious, That ther nys servant in myn hous..That ech of hem ne stant in doute And wenen that I scholde rave. c1410 in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1896) II. 451 Ȝef þou grucche aȝeyns god, with þi grucchynge þou makest thi sowle moore feble..ffor nothyng is wers to a seeek [sic] man þan to be malencolious. ?c1430 (c1400) J. Wyclif Eng. Wks. (1880) 215 (MED) Whanne þei ben out of reson, as wroþ & malencolious. a1450 (c1435) J. Lydgate Life SS. Edmund & Fremund (Harl.) 465 in C. Horstmann Altengl. Legenden (1881) 2nd Ser. 405 Malencolius of face, look, and cheer. c1450 (c1380) G. Chaucer House of Fame 30 Som man is to curious In studye, or melancolyous. ?1473 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Recuyell Hist. Troye (1894) I. lf. 11^v Sorowfull syghes and melancolyous fantasies. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. cccxlvi. 547 This pope..was a fumisshe man and malincolyous. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 816 Whether it were by the inspiracion of the holy ghost, or by Melencolous disposition, I had diuers and sundrie imaginations howe [etc.]. 1583 P. Barrough Methode of Phisicke i. xxviii. 35 They that be melancholious, haue straunge imaginations. c1650 J. Row & J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) 368 The King was sad and melancolious. 1786 R. Burns Poems 68 Come, join the melancholious croon O' Robin's reed! 1847 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair (1848) xi. 92 The Rector..added, in a melancholious tone [etc.]. 1897 S. R. Crockett Lads' Love iii. 31 The sufferer..from whom..most melancholious sounds..continually proceeded. 1921 J. Buchan Path of King xii. 231 He was a quiet man and for general melancholious, but I guess he could be amusing when he wanted to. †2. Medicine. Containing black bile; tending to cause melancholy; characteristic of melancholy. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disordered secretion > [adjective] > bilious disorders > causing melancholicc1385 melancholiousa1400 melancholya1425 choleric?1533 a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 171 (MED) Þe splene..drawiþ malancolious blood of þe lyuere. a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 273 Varicosa schal be curid..wiþ purgaciouns of malancholious blood. c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 71 The tane [star or planet] is sangwyne, the tothir is malancolious. 1562 W. Bullein Bk. Simples f. 78^v, in Bulwarke of Defence It bredeth choler adust, and melancholious diseases. 1583 P. Barrough Methode of Phisicke i. xxviii. 35 In them the state of the body is slender, black, rough and altogether melancholious. a1614 J. Melville Autobiogr. & Diary (1842) 219 Mr. James, being a melancholian of constitution, falls in a heavie disease, quhilk resolved in a melancolius dysenterie. 1638 H. Adamson Muses Threnodie 31 Remember yee not how Gall in those dayes Did you comfort, lest melancholius fits Had you opprest, your spleen so neerelie sits. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.a1393
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