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单词 mayflower
释义

mayflowern.

Brit. /ˈmeɪˌflaʊə/, U.S. /ˈmeɪˌflaʊ(ə)r/
Forms: see May n.2 and flower n. Also with capital initial.
Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: May n.2, flower n.
Etymology: < May n.2 + flower n. Compare May blossom n., and forms cited s.v.
1. Any of various plants flowering in May, esp. the primrose ( Primula vulgaris), the cuckooflower ( Cardamine pratensis), the marsh marigold ( Caltha palustris), and (formerly) the cowslip ( Primula veris). Also: the flower of such a plant, esp. as used in May-time decorations. Also figurative. Now chiefly British regional.
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the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > names applied to various flowers
heliotropec1000
flower jaunette1423
helichrysum1551
sunflower1562
Armeria1578
hyacinth1578
pimpernel1578
vaccin1589
heliochryse1593
purple1604
sunflower1622
mayflower1626
starflower1629
bluebottle1648
pink1731
trumpet-flower1732
fly-wort1753
witches' thimbles1820
honey plant1824
black-eyed Susan1836
shell-flower1845
pincushion1847
pincushion flower1856
nightingale1862
garland-flower1866
paper-white1880
1527 L. Andrewe tr. H. Brunschwig Vertuose Boke Distyllacyon lxix. sig. L.v/2 Water of May or parke floures... Lilium conuallium in latyn.
1576 G. Gascoigne Steele Glas (1868) 119 I hope very shortly to see the May flowers of your fauour.
1599 A. M. tr. O. Gaebelkhover Bk. Physicke 26/2 Water of Mayflowers for the strickinge.
1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §507 They are commonly of rancke and fulsome Smell; As May-Flowers, and White Lillies.
1659 J. Howell Prov. Eng. Toung 12/1 in Παροιμιογραϕια April showers bring forth May flowers.
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. 70 The Cowslip..we call it a May-flower.
1743 W. Ellis Mod. Husbandman (Dublin ed.) May vii. 89 Then put into the remaining green Liquor some May Flowers, or Leaves..of Black-thorn.
?1770 W. J. Mickle tr. L. de Camoens First Bk. Lusiad 44 May-flowers crowding o'er the daisy-lawn.
1817 J. Keats I stood Tip-toe 29 A bush of May-flowers with the bees about them.
1853 G. Johnston Terra Lindisfarnensis I. 33 Cardamine pratensis... In Roxburghshire..it is called the May-flower.
1884 Folk-lore Jrnl. 2 90 On May Eve they pull bunches of the ‘May Flower’ (kingcup, or marsh marigold, Caltha palustris), and put them over the doors of their houses [in Donegal].
1904 Folk-lore 15 457 On last May Eve,..I saw our cook coming in with a great bunch of May-flowers.
1975 A. Deyell My Shetland 93 Dee an Me, an da scent o' da meyfloors.
1994 in R. Vickery Dict. Plant-lore (1995) 294 Primroses, or mayflowers, always used here [i.e. at Ballymote, Co. Sligo] to decorate the May altar.
2. A variety of apple. Obsolete. rare.
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the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > apple > other apples
Bretonc1390
stur1483
marigold apple1577
fritter1591
Margaret1597
critling1611
cat's-head1617
rosiar1620
rose apple1626
snouting1651
roundling1655
mayflower1664
red greening1664
seaming1664
sheep's snout1664
spicing apple1664
violet-apple1664
pomme d'api1676
rathe-ripe1677
rose1678
lady's finger1688
stone apple1736
sops-in-wine1764
stone pippin1769
Manx codlin1818
Rymer1820
Roxbury russet1826
souring1832
genet1833
tompot1836
Wagener1848
flesh and blood1853
pick-thong1871
virgin1886
Jon1931
Idared1942
1664 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense 72 in Sylva Apples..Cushion Apple, Spicing, May-flower.
3. North American.
a. The trailing arbutus, Epigaea repens.
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the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > climbing or creeping plants > non-British climbing or creeping plants > [noun] > North American
woodbine1624
Virginia vine1629
staff-tree1633
Virginia creeper?1703
climbing vine1760
mayflower1778
pepper vine1783
arbutus1785
trailing arbutus1785
pipe vine1803
Ampelopsis1805
ground-laurel1814
waxwork1818
ivory plum1828
fever twig1830
yerba buena1847
mountain pink1850
New England mayflower1855
creeping snowberry1856
Virginian creeper1856
May blossom1871
sand verbena1880
staff-vine1884
1778 J. Carver Trav. N.-Amer. 520 May Flowers, Jessamine, Honeysuckles.
1853 W. H. Bartlett Pilgrim Fathers iii. 182 The beautiful May-flower—with its delicate roseate blossom and delicious scent.
1882 Garden 13 May 323/1 The May-flower..is the emblem of Nova Scotia, with the motto, ‘We bloom amid the snow.’
1942 E. B. White One Man's Meat 282 Mayflowers have been reported fifteen miles away in the mayflower country.
1993 T. Coffey Hist. & Folklore N. Amer. Wildflowers 91/1 Trailing-Arbutus, Mayflower... Legend has it that..the Pilgrims saw this flower and named it after their ship.
b. The pink azalea, Rhododendron periclymenoides; the flower of this shrub. Also Mayflower rhododendron.
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the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > cultivated or ornamental trees and shrubs > [noun] > azaleas or rhododendrons
mountain rose1640
rhododendron1657
Alpine rose1728
winterbloom1752
azalea1753
mountain rosebay1759
rosebay1760
rhodora1770
mountain laurel1785
swamp azalea1796
big laurel1810
rose tree1818
white honeysuckle1818
meadow pink1827
Pinkster1833
mayflower1838
alpenrose1839
swamp pink1840
rhodie1851
swamp honeysuckle1856
ponticum1875
tree azalea1884
rhodo1886
Kurume azalea1920
1838 J. C. Loudon Arboretum II. 1140 Rhododendron nudiflorum Torr. (Azalea nudiflora L.)..the American Honeysuckle; May Flowers.
1924 Amer. Botanist 30 59 Chief of these is the ‘Mayflower’ or ‘wild honeysuckle’ (Azalea nudiflora).
1976 S. M. Gault Dict. Shrubs in Colour 184/2 Mayflower rhododendron... This is an invaluable shrub for the garden, although somewhat variable.
1981 H. Leake & D. Leake Wildflowers of Ozarks 113 The azalea is a shrub about waist high with showy flowers... They are often called ‘Whitsunday Flowers’, ‘May Flowers’, and by the Dutch, ‘Pinxter Blooms’.
c. Any of various other North American spring-flowering plants, such as the anemone, hepatica, and pasque flower (see quots.).
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the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > non-British flowers > North American
innocent1600
lychnidea1733
swamp lily1737
atamasco lily1743
phlox1754
lychnis1760
painted cup1776
mountain pink1818
phacelia1818
innocence1821
Nemophila1822
clarkia1827
Physostegia1830
bitter root1838
standing cypress1841
false mermaid1845
lion's heart1845
shooting star1856
lewisia1863
satin flower1871
fame-flower1879
baby blue-eyes1887
mayflower1892
agastache1900
obedient plant1900
Pennsylvania anemone1900
rock rose1906
Virginia bluebell1934
parsley1936
poached egg flower1963
poached eggs1971
poached egg plant1977
1892 C. F. Millspaugh Medicinal Plants 1-1 Pulsatilla nuttalliana,... Pasque flower (crocus, May flower, [etc.]).
1910 C. B. Graves et al. Catal. Flowering Plants & Ferns Connecticut 182 Claytonia virginica, Spring beauty. Mayflower.
1920 W. Packard Old Plymouth Trails 19 In localities where the arbutus is not common the name mayflower is here most commonly given to the pink and white Anemone nemorosa.
1937 Range Plant Handbk. (U.S. Forest Service) w159 Although pasqueflower is the common name most widely used, such other appellations as..Mayflower..have variously designated this species.
1948 R. Peattie Berkshires 44 Here in Berkshire hepatica is sometimes called Mayflower, a name reserved in other regions for the arbutus.
1995 Nat. Areas Jrnl. 15 308 Frequencies of wild sarsaparilla (Aralia nudicaulis), Canada mayflower (Maianthemum canadense), and Clintonia borealis decreased in areas of historically high deer intensity.
4. Caribbean. Either of two Jamaican trees of the genus Dalbergia (family Fabaceae ( Leguminosae)), D. brownei and D. ecastaphyllum. Now rare.Quot. 1969 represents an isolated later use which may refer to a different tree, perhaps the pink poui (see poui n.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > non-British trees or shrubs > South American and West Indian trees or shrubs > [noun] > others
persea1601
mahoe1666
poison berry1672
white mangrove1683
maiden plum1696
angelin1704
garlic-pear1725
milkwood-tree1725
Jack-in-the-box1735
cherimoya1736
rattle bush1750
galapee1756
genip1756
lace bark1756
sunfruit1787
wild orange1802
hog-nut1814
mountain pride1814
savannah wattle1814
mora1825
rubber tree1826
mayflower1837
bastard manchineel1838
long john1838
seringa1847
sack tree1849
jumbie tree1860
jumbie bean1862
king-tree1863
gauze-tree1864
mountain green1864
snowdrop tree1864
strong bark1864
switch-sorrel1864
candle-tree1866
maypole1866
angelique1873
poisonwood1884
porkwood1884
1837 J. Macfadyen Flora Jamaica I. 300 Sea-side May-flower.
1837 J. Macfadyen Flora Jamaica I. 300 Meadow May-flower... The white fragrant flowers of this lowly tree, come out in great profusion after the rains in spring, and have been compared to those of the Hawthorn.
1864 A. H. R. Grisebach Flora Brit. W. Indian Islands 785/2 May-flower: Dalbergia Brownei and Hecastophyllum Brownei.
1969 ‘J. Morris’ Fever Grass viii. 71 A big desk of bleached gold mayflower wood.
5. A Mexican epiphytic orchid, Laelia speciosa. rare.
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the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > orchids
satyrionOE
bollockwort?a1300
sanicle14..
bollock?a1425
martagon1548
orchis1559
dogstones1562
hare's-ballocks1562
stone1562
bollock grass1578
dog's cods1578
dog's cullions1578
double-leaf1578
fly-orchis1578
goat's cullions1578
goat's orchis1578
priest's pintle1578
twayblade1578
bee-orchis1597
bifoil1597
bird's nest1597
bird's orchis1597
butterfly orchis1597
fenny-stones1597
gelded satyrion1597
gnat satyrion1597
humble-bee orchis1597
lady's slipper1597
sweet ballocks1597
two-blade1605
cullions1611
bee-flower1626
fly-flower1640
man orchis1670
musk orchis1670
moccasin flower1680
gnat-flower1688
faham tea1728
Ophrys1754
green man orchis1762
Arethusa1764
honey flower1771
cypripedium1775
rattlesnake plantain1778
Venus's slipper1785
Adam and Eve1789
lizard orchis179.
epidendrum1791
Pogonia?1801
Vanda1801
cymbidium1815
Oncidium1822
putty-root1822
Noah's Ark1826
yellow moccasin1826
gongora1827
cattleya1828
green man1828
nervine1828
stanhopea1829
dove-flower1831
catasetum1836
Odontoglossum1836
Miltonia1837
letter plant1838
spread eagle1838
letter-leaf1839
swan-plant1841
orchid1843
disa1844
masdevallia1845
Phalaenopsis1846
faham1850
Indian crocus1850
moccasin plant1850
pleione1851
dove orchis1852
nerve root1854
Holy Ghost flower1862
basket-plant1865
lizard's tongue1866
mousetail1866
Sobralia1866
swan-neck1866
swanwort1866
Indian shoe1876
odontoglot1879
wreathewort1879
moth orchid1880
rattlesnake orchid1881
dendrobe1882
dove-plant1882
Madeira orchis1882
man orchis1882
swan-flower1884
slipper-orchid1885
slipper orchis1889
mayflower1894
scorpion orchid1897
moederkappie1910
dove orchid1918
monkey orchid1925
man orchid1927
1894 C. H. Wright & D. Dewar Johnson's Gardener's Dict. 603 May-flower. Lælia majalis.
6. Lacemaking. A bobbin lace filling consisting of whole-stitch diamonds worked with a honeycomb mesh.
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the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > ornamental textiles > ornamental trimmings > [noun] > lace > part of
footing1692
mayflower1924
1865 F. B. Palliser Hist. Lace iv. 70 The lovely diapered ground recalls the may-flower of the Dresden..china of that time.]
1924 T. Wright Romance of Lace Pillow (new ed.) I. ix. 76 The fillings—that is to say, the spaces formed by the pattern—are point net of larger mesh, wire ground, honeycomb, mayflower (that is, cloth-work buds surrounded with honeycomb).
1958 C. Freeman Pillow Lace 46 Arrangements of scrolls enclosing various fillings (Wireground, Honeycomb, Mayflower..etc.).
1983 B. M. Cook & G. Stott Introd. Bobbin Lace Stitches 24 (heading) Four pin mayflower with pinchain.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

Mayfloweradj.

Brit. /ˈmeɪˌflaʊə/, U.S. /ˈmeɪˌflaʊ(ə)r/
Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Mayflower.
Etymology: < Mayflower, the name of the ship which carried the Pilgrim Fathers to America in 1620 < mayflower n.
U.S.
attributive. Designating, relating to, or characteristic of a person descended from a family which can be traced back to the earliest European settlers of North America, now often regarded as belonging to a social elite. Also in extended use.
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the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of America > native or inhabitant of North America > native or inhabitant of U.S.A. > [adjective] > specific
Mayflower1921
Waspish1968
Waspy1968
Middle American1969
1921 Harper's Mag. Jan. 138/1 I have talked to a number of people, literary, industrial, commercial, professional;..to Mayflower Americans,..to negroes, and to immigrants.
1946 A. Koestler Thieves in Night 150 They will always regard us as old-timers, the Mayflower-aristocracy of the place.
1992 Daily Times (Salisbury, Maryland) 21 Aug. 12/1 Mayflower Republicans..see their mission as preserving Yankee values against whatever values are held by the huddled masses.
This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, March 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1527adj.1921
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