| 释义 |
maugren.prep.adv. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French maugré. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman mau gré, maugré, Old French maugré, mal gré, malgré (12th cent.; cognate with Occitan mal grat , Catalan malgrat , Italian malgrado (see malgrado prep.)) < mal bad, evil (see mal- prefix) + gré gree n.2 The prepositional use followed by possessive pronoun (sense B. 1a) is probably after Anglo-Norman maugré sun, maugré vostre, etc.; Anglo-Norman also had maugré les denz de (compare sense B. 2). The prepositional development has a parallel in in despite of at despite n. 5. The phrase bongre maugre (sense C. 3) is after Middle French bon gré, mal gré (1332; compare Anglo-Norman bon gré u mal gré, preposition).The French word was subsequently reborrowed as malgré prep., and used by English writers as a foreign word; compare also Italian malgrado malgrado prep. borrowed in the late 16th cent. In to can (also con) maugre at sense A. 2 after Anglo-Norman saver malgre (second half of the 12th cent. or earlier), Old French, Middle French savoir mal gre (12th cent.). Compare to con gree at con v.1 1b. In α. forms with f , v , u in the final syllable, perhaps remodelled after grief n.; in forms with th and þ in the final syllable, perhaps remodelled after grith n. Quot. 1590 at sense B. 1c is problematic, and has been interpreted as an instance of B. 1a; for another possible instance of B. 1c in Spenser, compare Faerie Queene iii. iv. 39. Recorded early in England in surnames, though it is unclear whether these are to be interpreted as Middle English or Anglo-Norman: compare Thomas Maugre (1202), Radulfo Mauger (1251), Walterus Mauger (1272), etc. Conc. Scots Dict. (1985) records a former Scottish pronunciation /ˈmɑˈɡri/ as now being obsolete. A. n.the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disfavour > [noun] > condition of being disfavoured c1300 St. Nicholas (Laud) 457 in C. Horstmann (1887) 253 Ȝif þat þou woldest, þare-fore þou haue maugre. 12 Concl. Lollards (Trin. Hall Cambr.) in (1907) 22 302 (MED) Knythtis þat rennen to hethnesse to geten hem a name in sleinge of men geten miche maugre of þe king of pes. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng (Petyt) (1996) i. 12530 If it falle wele, wele salle vs be; if it ne do, we gete maugre. 1402 T. Hoccleve Lepistre Cupide (Huntington) l. 376 in (1970) ii. 305 Wytith the feend, and his be the maugree. a1470 T. Malory (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) III. 1187 Here wynne ye no worshyp, but magre and dishonoure. 1483 (BL Add. 89074) (1881) 231 A Mawgry: demecio, demeritum. a1500 (c1380) J. Wyclif (1880) 465 Which clerk..loueþ treuþe & haþ wille to stonde þerfore, & suffere a magrey. a1573 W. Lauder (1870) 28 For auld kyndnes thow sall nocht get Bot Magerie, Malice, and Iniure. 1575 J. Rolland ii. f. 20v Ȝe haue seruit greit magrie to ȝour meid. the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > spitefulness > feeling of spite > [noun] the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > unkindness > spite, malice > [noun] c1330 (?a1300) (1886) l. 2017 He ne couþe him bot maugre. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng (Petyt) (1996) i. 957 No maugre þou þam con þat þe wille in fredom won. c1400 (?c1380) (1920) 250 (MED) Þer watz malys mercyles and mawgre much scheued. ?c1422 T. Hoccleve Ars Sciendi Mori l. 283 in (1970) i. 188 Why was y nat ferd of goddes maugree? a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer (Hunterian) (1891) l. 4399 I drede thou canst me gret mavgre. a1470 T. Malory (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) II. 551 I have harde muche of youre magre ayenste me. 1485 W. Caxton tr. sig. i.vij/2 Wyte it not me ne conne me noo maulgre. a1500 (?c1450) (1899) ii. 40 With that thow conne me no magre. a1500 (a1460) (1897–1973) 287 Take it to you with all the mawgre of myn and myght of mahowne. ?1518 A. Barclay sig. Aviiiv I thaught no mawgre, I tolde it for a bourde. a1522 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil (1959) ix. Prol. 17 Wirk na malgre, thocht thou be nevir sa wyght. 1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus f. 259 Pollio..had none other cause to surceasse his maugre. 1568 J. Rowll Cursing l. 162 in W. T. Ritchie (1928) II. 282 Malice rancour & invy Wt magry & malancoly. the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > in the face of or in opposition [phrase] > defiance c1450 C. d'Orleans (1941) 89 (MED) Elde had out a writt..To tache me with, yn maugre my visage, And..nyst y..what best was to ben wrought. a1500 (?a1450) (BL Add. 9066) (1879) 277 In malgre of þi tethe. c1560 Hunting Cheviot in F. J. Child (1889) III. vi. 307 That he wold hunte in the mowntayns..In the magger of doughte Dogles. 1578 T. Lupton sig. Cj I haue money ynough to defende me in maugre their faces. c1580 ( tr. (1925) I. i. 101 [He] In maugre of thairis [Fr. maugré eux] reskewit the pray. a1600 ( W. Stewart tr. H. Boece (1858) II. 687 [He] wan the wod in magir of thame all. 1616 v. 29 If thou beest descended royally..I am bound in all knightly curtesies to defend thee, and in maugre of blacke Fortunes spight. 1866 W. Gregor (Philol. Soc.) ii. 111 A'll gar ye dee't a-magger o' yer neck. 1871 W. Alexander vii. 50 An' we'll dee't still, i' maugre o' an Erastian Presbytery. 1920 D. D. Murison in (1965) (at cited word) I'm aye slippin' i' the mauger o' my neck. B. prep. 1. c1300 (Laud) (1868) 1128 (MED) Ye sholen ben weddeth And, maugre þin, to-gidere beddeth. a1393 J. Gower (Fairf.) iv. 59 God wot that is malgre myn. a1400 (a1325) (Vesp.) 4305 Maugre his, he dos him lute. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng (Petyt) (1996) i. 10102 Maugre ours for soth it was. a1500 (?c1450) 214 (MED) But magre hirs, thei were driven bakke. a1500 (1870) 115 Al magre thine a seruand schal yow bee. a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil (1959) x. x. 113 Na vayn wrathys..Thi char constrenyt bakwart forto went, And malgre thyne withdraw thi fays gryppys. a1525 ( (1908) II. 427 Wheder we shall make the people to abide styll here.., magre theirs, or els let hem departe. the mind > attention and judgement > testing > attestation, witness, evidence > qualification > subjected to a condition [preposition] > in spite of ?c1335 in W. Heuser (1904) 105 Hi sul fle..in to þe pine of helle, Maugrei ham þer hi mot..dwel. a1350 ( in C. Brown (1932) 131 (MED) Let him habbe ase he brew, bale to dryng, Maugre Wyndesore. a1375 (c1350) (1867) 3745 A kniȝt..hade him out of þe ost mawgrey hem alle. c1400 (c1378) W. Langland (Laud 581) (1869) B. vi. 69 Make hem mery þere-mydde, maugre [c1400 A text mauggre] who-so bigruccheth it. c1450 (c1400) (1881) 1442 Thai were agon, Magre who so wolde. 1481 W. Caxton tr. (1893) xxiii. 55 Ther wente wel somtyme .X. M or more, maulgre the barons. c1500 (?a1437) (1939) xxiv So infortunate was us..That maugre, playnly,..takin..We weren all. c1540 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece iv. viii. 44v/1 Outhir to slay Galdus, or than magre his pissance to put hym to flycht. 1581 J. Marbeck 939 He threw it into the fire, maugrie all the Cardinalls that were about him. 1596 E. Spenser iv. i. sig. Bv Tell what thou saw'st, maulgre who so it heares. View more context for this quotation 1606 W. Birnie xviii. sig. E4v Heliodore, who (malgre the Priest) making violent irruption in the Temple. 1686 F. Spence tr. A. Varillas 177 The quarrel, wherein they were engaged, maugre their endeavours and inclinations for peace. 1704 No. 4061/3 Keeping the Mastery at Sea,..maugre the..Strength of the Enemy's Fleet. a1734 R. North (1740) i. i. §29. 29 Our late Sovereign, who, malgre all his endeavours to the contrary, is yet..of glorious Memory. 1755 T. Smollett tr. M. de Cervantes II. iv. viii. 387 I persevere in this career, maugre and in despite of my own understanding. 1783 R. Heber Let. 18 Dec. in (1950) i. 22 Some say the Ministers are determined to keep their places maugre this rebuff. 1822 31 Aug. 2/2 The happy few..to whom most assuredly, maugre all criticism, the highest commendation is but the smallest meed of praise. 1854 H. Miller xxii. 466 I continued my rounds, maugre the suspicion. 1892 4 Aug. 93/3 ‘La Débâcle’, maugre all faults, stands out as Zola's best and strongest work up to the present time. 1931 (ed. 3) v The best known firm of booksellers in the country, maugre its claim to procure any book wherever published, declines to allow its shops to deal in this one. 1960 J. Barth i. iv. 47 Maugre the fact that there were two of ye, instead of one, she had no more mouths to feed than breasts to feed 'em with. the mind > language > malediction > oaths > [interjection] > oaths other than religious or obscene > imprecations 1590 E. Spenser ii. v. sig. Q6 [Fortune] That hath (maugre her spight) thus low me laid in dust. the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > in the face of or in opposition [phrase] > defiance c1325 (c1300) (Calig.) 2090 (MED) Maximian was suþþe aslawe, maugre [a1400 Trin. Cambr. magrei] is nose. c1395 G. Chaucer 315 That oon thow shalt forgo, maugree thyne eyen. c1400 (?a1300) (Laud) (1952) 5831 He..maugre þe teeþ of hem alle, Sette hir rigge to þe walle. c1400 (?c1380) l. 44 (MED) Much, maugre his mun, he mot nede suffer. c1400 (c1378) W. Langland (Laud 581) (1869) B. vi. l. 160 We wil haue owre wille..maugre þi chekes! c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 861 Of which mayde anoon maugree hir hed By verray force he rafte hir maydenhed. c1450 (c1405) (BL Add. 41666) (1936) l. 1300 (MED) He provid..That þe sothe-sigger shuld haue þe better Of Mvm..malgre his chekes. c1450 (?a1400) (Ashm.) 1747 Made to be meke, malegreue his chekis. a1470 T. Malory (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) III. 1189 My lorde..shall have hys quene..magre thy vysayge. a1500 (?1382) J. Wyclif (1871) III. 170 (MED) Þe fend may not do but if þat it turne to þe worschipe of God, mawgrethe hys wille. 1529 T. More Dialogue Heresyes iv, in 274/1 So should al our dedes good or badde, ascend or descende by the violent hande of God, magre our mindes. 1555 Traves Let. in J. Strype (1721) III. ii. App. xxxiii Yea, mawgre the berdis of al hard harts, God wil at length..delyver thee. a1563 J. Bale (1969) i. 98 Quodcumque ligaueris I trow will playe soch a parte That I shall abyde in Englond, magry yowr harte. 1596 H. Knyvett (1906) 51 They prove it easy to march upon the Continent throughe the Countries of mightie Princes Malgre theire teathes. 1615 T. Tomkis i. iv. sig. C Not haue his sister? Cricca, I will haue Flauia, Maugre his head. 1638 R. Baillie 22 July (1841) I. 90 Mr. George Gillespie..is now admitted to the kirk of Weems, maugre St. Andrewes baird. 1682 A. Colquitt 127 It will be in the power of the wife..to rule over her husband, and undo him, maugre his head. 1778 I. 316 He slew and put to flight the chiefest part of the French and English rebels, and brought Lewis, maugre his head, to a composition. 1860 J. L. Motley (1868) II. xix. 513 He may see your Highness enjoy your blessed estate, maugre the beards of all confederated leaguers. 1891 J. M. Barrie III. xliii. 207 But, dominie, I couldna hae moved, magre my neck. 1896 A. Lang iv The brigands..were, to my shame, and maugre my head, for a time of my own company. 1906 C. M. Doughty IV. xiii. 51 Fast flying, through the plain, those frighted steeds, Maugré their heads, their cumbered riders cast. C. adv.the mind > will > necessity > [adverb] > whether one will or not 1340 (1866) 69 (MED) Zuo hit is huanne god his beat and chasteþ, and maugre hy wyteþ and zyggeþ..onþank þan. a1425 (?a1300) (Linc. Inn) (1952) 3383 (MED) Haue we þe feild er þan he, We schal him wynne maugre [v.r. hym maugre]. 1596 E. Spenser v. i. sig. N2 Vntill that Talus had his pride represt, And forced him, maulgre, it vp to reare. View more context for this quotation 1608 Bp. J. Hall II. iv. iv. 363 Woe were vs, if our safetie depended vpon your hopes, or his [sc. the Pope's] mercies. Blessed be that God, which malgrè hath made and kept vs happie. 1620 Bp. J. Hall i. xvii. 94 He shall (maugre) be forced to confesse, that [etc.]. the mind > attention and judgement > testing > attestation, witness, evidence > qualification > subjected to a condition [preposition] > in spite of c1400 (?a1300) (Laud) (1952) 4737 (MED) Al aboute þe proude riche He adaunted quykliche, And makeþ pes maugre to eche. 1488 (c1478) Hary (Adv.) (1968–9) vi. l. 393 Thow sall ws se..Battaill to gyff magra off all thi kyn. a1513 R. Fabyan (1516) I. clx. f. lxxxviii He than Assemblyd to hym a strong Hoost, and recoueryd his wyfe malgre to all his Enmyes. 1520 vii. f. 100/2 The kynge..gate the castell maugre of them all that were within. 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus I. Mark iii. f. 30 Whose power the findes are compelled maugry of theyr heades, to geue place unto. 1641 Earl of Monmouth tr. G. F. Biondi I. iv. 67 She was maugre with those which would have defended her, taken prisoner. a1774 R. Fergusson (1782) ii. 52 An' learn, that maugre o' his wame, Ill bairns are ay best heard at hame. 1929 J. B. Philip 26 A missed some o' his words meagre o' ma neck. 2017 D. Sneddon in 91 109 Media provision for Breton is gey scanty... Maugre o this, there is a growein online presence for the language. the mind > will > necessity > [adverb] > whether one will or not c1450 (c1400) (Huntington) (1942) 77 (MED) Þat is no verrey good þat a man may lese and þat þat faileþ at nede, maugre bongre. c1450 tr. G. Deguileville (Cambr.) (1869) 154 Thi god he shal be, boongree, mawgree. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2001; most recently modified version published online June 2022). maugrev. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French maugréer. Etymology: < Middle French maugréer (1279 in Old French) < maugré maugre n. Now chiefly Scottish. the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > oppose [verb (transitive)] > defy 1597 T. Beard i. xxxi. 175 Except by horrible bannings & swearings they despite & maugre God. 1632 J. Tatham (1640) K ij Had you smil'd as you did frowne, All his strength I'd mauger'd downe. a1641 J. Webster & T. Heywood (1654) ii. 20 Whose bases are of Marble, deeply fixt to mauger all gusts and impending stormes. 1845 G. Murray 94 Which white-rose loyalty lay snug in And maugred malice. 1891 G. W. Anderson 232 [He] would have lopped off his legs next had his rival not cried out, in the very nick of time. ‘Be-haud ye, sir! I'm fairly maggert!’ 1914 J. Leatham 26 ‘The Decline and Fall’..a' the fowre vollums. They think they can maacher them in a fortnicht. 1957 Mearns Leader 1 Feb. in (at cited word) Ay, ye've a naisty deevil o' a caul', but we'll maugert yet, never fear, my lass. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.prep.adv.c1300 v.1597 |
