Meissner effectn.
/ˈmʌɪsnər ᵻˌfɛkt/, U.S. /ˈmaɪsnər əˌfɛk(t)/ Physics.
The existence of zero, or very low, magnetic induction in a superconducting material even in the presence of a magnetic field; esp. the (partial or complete) expulsion of magnetic flux when a material becomes superconducting in a magnetic field.
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Meissner effect1935
1935 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 149 73 Equation (6) says more than (2), so far as it includes Meissner's effect.]
1935 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 152 10 The magnetization curve for decreasing fields is in striking contradiction to the classical electro~magnetic description of a Supraconductor, and provides an independent confirmation that B = 0 is characteristic of the ideal supraconducting state (Meissner effect).
1953 C. F. Squire Low Temperature Physics vii. 117 (heading) A permanent magnet floats above the superconducting tin dish because of the Meissner effect.
1968 C. G. Kuper Introd. Theory Superconductivity iii. 44 It is rather unusual in physics for purely topological properties of a body to be important, but superconductivity provides an example. In a multiply-connected superconducting body, although the Meissner effect ensures that the magnetic flux will be expelled from the material of the body, flux may be trapped in the holes.
1987 Sci. Amer. Mar. 47/3 The Meissner-effect test is difficult to carry out with pressurized samples.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1935