/ˈmeɪtrᵻsiːz/, U.S. /ˈmeɪtrəˌsiz/, matrixes;matrixn.
/ˈmeɪtrɪks/, U.S. /ˈmeɪtrɪks//ˈmeɪtrᵻsiːz/, U.S. /ˈmeɪtrəˌsiz/, matrixes; I. A supporting or enclosing structure.
1. The womb; the uterus of a mammal. Also (in later use esp. of an oviparous vertebrate or invertebrate animal): the ovary; the part of the female reproductive tract producing or storing eggs or embryos. Now chiefly historical.rising of the matrix: see rising n. Phrases.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > sex organs > female sex organs > [noun] > womb
wombeOE
innethc888
bosom971
bitc1000
motherc1300
cloisterc1386
mawc1390
flanka1398
marisa1400
matricea1400
clausterc1400
mater?a1425
matrix?a1425
wamec1425
bellyc1440
oven?1510
bermother1527
child's bed1535
bairn-bedc1550
uterus1615
kelder1647
ventera1656
childbed1863
the world > animals > animal body > general parts > sexual organs and reproduction > [noun] > sexual organs > ovary
matricea1400
matrix?a1425
nidus1691
uterus1753
?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 18 Þe matrix..is þe felde of manes generacioun.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Luke ii. f. lxxv Every man chylde that fyrst openeth the matrix shalbe called holy to the lorde.
1547 A. Borde Breuiary of Helthe i. f. ix Abhorsion..may come by ventosyte and lubrycyte of humours in the matryx.
1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 272 The partes of the Female are the wombe and the rest which by a general name are called matrices.
1655 T. Moffett & C. Bennet Healths Improvem. xiii. 116 The matrix of beasts..is but a sinewy and hard substance.
1671 J. Sharp Midwives Bk. iv. viii. 224 If the Matrix be too much dilated, use things that contract and fasten, as Baths prepared, Unguents, Ointments, Fumes, Odours, Plaisters.
1726–31 N. Tindal tr. P. Rapin de Thoyras Hist. Eng. (1743) II. xvii. 74 (note) The women that attended about Queen Mary alledged that her Matrix was consumed.
1765 Treat. Domest. Pigeons 15 The ovary, or upper matrix of the hen, or female bird.
1803 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 9 57 The matrix..was uncommonly small, and the right ovarium..had attached to it small excrescences.
1816 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. II. 36 This part..is now a vast matrix of eggs.
1840 E. Blyth et al. Cuvier's Animal Kingdom 40 The foetus, immediately after conception, descends..into the matrix.
1861 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 151 611 No trace of either Purkinjean vesicle or macula could I ever detect in the full-grown egg from the matrix [in the spider Nemastoma bimaculatum].
1911 H. F. Vickery & P. C. Knapp tr. A. von Strümpell Text-bk. Med. (ed. 4) I. 628 The matrix or uterus [of the tapeworm] runs through the middle of each mature segment.
1956 Brit. Jrnl. Med. Psychol. 29 295/2 (note) ‘The disease called the Mother’ was thought to be caused by noxious vapours arising from the matrix or uterus, sometimes even by that organ straying from its appointed place.
2007 M. de Grazia Hamlet without Hamlet iv. 103 In the Folio, Hamlet announces his arrival in his mother's enclosed space by punning on ‘mother’ and the Latin mater, a common synonym for the matrix or womb.
2. † b. The pith of a plant. Obsolete.
a. A place or medium in which something is originated, produced, or developed; the environment in which a particular activity or process begins; a point of origin and growth.Now chiefly with reference to abstract things. In early use sometimes with reference to minerals, and overlapping with sense 3a.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > causation > source or origin > [noun] > place of origin and early development
wombc1400
promptuary?a1425
seminairc1440
nursery1509
matrice1555
seed plot1556
matrix1586
seminary1592
seedbed1618
nidus1807
whence1832
breeding-place1841
breeding-ground1856
breeding range1890
whenceness1922
1586 J. Ferne Blazon of Gentrie Ep. Ded., sig. Aiv Idlenesse the verie matrix and conceptorie place of infinite mischiefes.
1594 H. Plat Diuerse Sorts of Soyle 22 in Jewell House That which is yet chalke within the Matrix of the earth.
1605 W. Camden Remaines i. 39 The old German tongue, which vndoubtedly is the matrix and mother of our English.
1651 J. French Art Distillation v. 161 Untill they..be received into certain matrixes in the earth which may make them put forth this potentiall saltnesse into act.
1671 J. Webster Metallographia iii. 46 Framed in their several seminaries, matrixes, or seed-husks.
1692 J. Ray Wisdom of God (ed. 2) ii. 82 A..convenient Harbor or Matrix, to cherish and hatch their Eggs.
1714 Short Enq. Hermetick Art 65 If Wheat hath not a Matrix duly qualified, or hath too much, or too little Humidity, and so of Heat, it will succeed accordingly.
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) The Earth is the Matrix wherein Seeds sprout; Marcassites are the Matrix's of Metals.
1853 E. K. Kane U.S. Grinnell Exped. 138 The question whether unmixed snow can act as a vegetative matrix.
1867 H. E. Manning Eng. & Christendom 242 The root and matrix of the Catholic Church.
1879 H. George Progress & Poverty (1881) x. ii. 453 This is the matrix in which mind unfolds.
1896 Peterson Mag. 6 263/1 The matrix of the anti-war feeling was in New England.
1959 A. J. Toynbee Hellenism 2 The matrix of the Indo-European languages, somewhere in the heartland of the Old World.
1962 Amer. Speech 37 12 The family is the matrix in which we see the bubbling up of linguistic experimentation.
1987 A. Miller Timebends ii. 101 Spain was the matrix for the next half-century's Western dilemma.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > cell or aggregate tissue > [noun] > tissue > pith or soft internal tissue
marroweOE
pitheOE
flesh1574
fat1575
pulp1578
medulla1583
brain1601
matrix1633
1633 T. Johnson Gerard's Herball (new ed.) iii. xix. 1611 It is a large tree..ful of branches hauing a great matrix or blackish pith, the substance of the wood being harder than Ebonie.
1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Matrix of a Tree or Plant, is the same with what the Botanists call Cor.
c. Anatomy and Zoology. The generative part of a tissue or organ; spec. the epidermal layer which gives rise to specialized structures such as hairs, feathers, and nails.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > specific areas or structures > [noun] > formative part
matrix1835
1835–6 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. I. 351/2 The matrix, or organ by which the perfect feather is produced, has the form of an elongated cylindrical cone.
1854 R. Owen Struct. Skeleton & Teeth in Orr's Circle Sci.: Org. Nature I. 280 The matrix of certain teeth does not give rise..to the germ of a second tooth.
1858 H. Gray Anat. 545 The part of the cutis beneath the body and root of the nail is called the matrix.
1880 H. C. Bastian Brain 39 This intermediate tissue is..the probable matrix wherein and from which new nerve fibres..are evolved in animals.
1968 H. O. Mackey & J. P. Mackey Handbk. Dis. Skin (ed. 9) xxxiv. 346 From the matrix forward is the nail-bed and this ends at the free edge.
1988 Pract. Health Spring 79/2 The matrix..is where new cells develop and push dead ones forward to form the part of the nail that we can see.
1994 Jrnl. Investigative Dermatol. 102 725 Cultured cells taken from the ventral matrix of bovine hoof.
d. Botany. The substrate on which a fungus or a lichen grows or is attached. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > spore or sporule > cryptogam or plant having spores > [noun] > matrix
matrix1857
1857 M. J. Berkeley Introd. Cryptogamic Bot. §39. 54 The nature of the communication between the plants and matrix in the parasitic fungi.
1874 M. C. Cooke Fungi 25 These spores..deposit themselves..on the surface of the Tremella and on its matrix.
1995 Ainsworth & Bisby's Dict. Fungi (ed. 8) 161 Extramatrical, (1) living on or near the surface of the matrix or substratum.
3.
a. An embedding or enclosing mass; esp. the rock material in which a metal, fossil, gem, etc., is embedded. Cf. gangue n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > minerals > mineral sources > [noun] > material containing ore > matrix
miner?a1425
mother stone1442
minera?1645
matrix1651
mother-spar1681
veinstone1696
gangue1778
veinstuff1796
gangart1799
matrice1855
cement1881
skarn1901
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > structural features > mass > [noun] > of rock > enclosing mass
matrix1651
matrice1855
magma1882
1651 J. French tr. J. R. Glauber Descr. New Philos. Furnaces 161 Also the pebbles or sand-stones are the natural matrixes of metals.
1756 tr. J. G. Keyssler Trav. I. 39 In the matrix of an emerald, you may see how this gem concretes.
1802 J. Playfair Illustr. Huttonian Theory 78 Some of the species of whinstone are the common matrices of agates and chalcedonies.
1884 Knowledge 4 Apr. 222/2 The consolidated eruptive mud of the mines was believed by some to be the true matrix of the diamond.
1954 J. F. Kirkaldy Gen. Princ. Geol. xiii. 178 The well-known Hertfordshire Puddingstone, consisting of flint pebbles in a siliceous matrix, breaks with smooth faces.
1969 G. M. Bennison & A. E. Wright Geol. Hist. Brit. Isles iii. 51 A marker horizon..consists of angular igneous fragments in a red muddy matrix.
1985 J. Auel Mammoth Hunters xxxiii. 553 He had used a specially shaped piece of fresh antler..to pry out the exposed lump of hard silica from its chalky matrix.
b. Biology. An amorphous or fibrillar material that surrounds cells; esp. the extracellular substance of connective tissue. Also: the ground substance in which structural elements (e.g. of a shell, cell wall, etc.) are embedded.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > substance > cell > cell substance > [noun] > intracellular substance
matrix1802
periplast1853
1802 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 8 300 Their [sc. bones']vascular structure is enveloped in a matrix.
1881 St. G. Mivart Cat 17 The structureless substance and fibres form what is called the matrix of the tissue.
1890 M. C. Cooke Introd. Fresh-water Algæ xi. 156 The mucous matrix containing the families of cells seems [etc.].
1896 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. I. 115 The intercellular matrix undergoes modifications or degenerative changes during inflammation.
1916 E. H. Kettle Pathol. Tumours ii. 96 A tumour may form osteoid tissue..almost typical in every respect except that there is no deposition of calcium salts in the matrix.
a1933 J. A. Thomson Biol. for Everyman (1934) I. xv. 409 The mollusc's shell..consists of platelets of calcium carbonate laid down along with an organic matrix.
1969 R. F. Chapman Insects iii. 47 In Diptera the membrane is usually a single layer made up..of disorientated fibres in an amorphous matrix.
1998 Res. Microbiol. 149 327 Urea or hot sodium dodecyl sulphate extracted a significant amount of the same proteins from the matrix of the cell wall.
c. A fine material used to bind together the coarser particles of a composite (usually artificial) substance; (Building) lime or fine cement.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > cement or mortar > [noun] > other kinds of cement or mortar
maltha?1440
testacyec1440
putty1472
tarras1612
natural cement1753
Roman cement1768
sand mortar1775
Roman cement1800
Parker's cement1811
mastic cement1815
gauge-stuff1823
Portland cement1824
putty cement1825
rust cement1830
matrix1838
terro-cement1838
rust1839
swish1863
Coaguline1868
albolith1870
dagga1878
mastic1881
tripolith1882
grappier1897
pozzolana cement1905
Ciment Fondu1924
snowcrete1928
soil-cement1936
1838 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 1 391/2 The pebble stones..firmly fixed in a matrix of concrete, are..found to answer completely.
1879 H. Reid Pract. Treat. Manuf. Concrete (new ed.) i. 5 A concrete mass in the constructive sense means the binding together of variously selected aggregates by a cementatious matrix.
1910 Encycl. Brit. VI. 835/1 The matrix is the lime or cement, whose chemical action with the added water causes the concrete to solidify... The matrix most commonly used is Portland cement.
1947 J. C. Rich Materials & Methods Sculpt. xi. 323 White Portland cement is recommended as matrix for a colored concrete, because by its use a maximum coloring effect can be gained.
1984 E. P. DeGarmo et al. Materials & Processes in Manuf. (ed. 6) v. 123 The microstructure consists of three-dimensional graphite flakes dispersed in a matrix of ferrite.
d. Cell Biology. The ground substance of a cell or organelle; (now) esp. the substance contained within the inner membrane of a mitochondrion. Cf. protoplasm n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > substance > cell > cell substance > [noun] > protoplasm or cytoplasm
biogen1848
protoplasm1848
protoplast1851
matrix1854
cytoplasm1857
plasma1863
bioplasm1869
plasmogen1888
morphoplasm1893
periplasm1925
1854 J. H. Balfour in Encycl. Brit. V. 67/1 The formation of nuclei or cells in a protoplasmic matrix.
1883 S. Wainwright Sci. Sophisms vii. 109 An enclosed nucleus with surrounding intracellular matrix or matter.
1887 Jrnl. Royal Microsc. Soc. 7 979 Linin and paralinin, the substance respectively of the nuclear threads..and of the intermediate matrix or ‘nuclear sap’.
1955 Jrnl. Biophysical & Biochem. Cytol. 1 78 Fine, long threads..traverse the cytoplasmic matrix between masses of Nissl substance and other organelles.
1970 Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 205 136 (title) Enzymatic activities of the matrix and inner membrane of pigeon-liver mitochondria.
1986 Virus Res. 4 337 Electron microscopy detected complete virions within the membrane-bound cytoplasmic vesicles and free viral particles in the nuclear matrix.
1999 Jrnl. Biol. Chem. 274 3941 The enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle in the mitochondrial matrix are proposed to form a multienzyme complex.
e. Biochemistry and Pharmacology. A material that supports or immobilizes a reagent, esp. in separation procedures; a material used to retain a drug for controlled release.
ΚΠ
1965 E. Fingl & D. M. Woodbury in L. S. Goodman & A. Gilman Pharmacol. Basis Therapeutics (ed. 3) i. 7/1 Oral prolonged-action or sustained-release pharmaceutical preparations..include..drugs embedded in ion-exchange or inert plastic matrices.
1974 E. Shotton & K. Ridgway Physical Pharmaceutics xii. 340 Sustained release products can be made by embedding the drug in a hydrophobic matrix from which it is leached out over a period of time.
1989 R. Dryer & G. Lata Exper. Biochem. i. vi. 148 Prenucleation: Catalytic precursors are introduced into the surface of the protein embedded in the polyacrylamide matrix by soaking the gel in a suitable reagent solution.
1998 Nature 30 July 427/2 By physically trapping a drug in a hydrogel and using the sieving properties of the matrix to retard molecular movement..the drug can be retained inside the device for long periods.
4.
a. The elements which make up a particular system, regarded as an interconnecting network. Frequently with distinguishing word, as political matrix, social matrix, etc.
ΚΠ
c1873 W. James in R. B. Perry Thought & Char. W. James (1935) I. 499 Our notion of a future time with its material content forms a sort of matrix ante rem into which in its time the res fits.
1906 Jrnl. Philos., Psychol. & Sci. Methods 3 221 The volume [closes]..with an eloquent arraignment of the modern separation of art from its industrial, moral, religious and social matrix.
1930 Amer. Speech 5 388 The matrix of the population with whom they mingle ashore is well sprinkled with native Americans.
1951 C. McCullers Domest. Dilemma in A. Goodwyn & J. Goodwyn Love (1993) 64 Accustomed to the idle warmth of a small Southern town, the matrix of the family and cousinship and childhood friends.
1973 P. F. Lazarsfeld Main Trends in Sociol. iii. 43 Another interesting study shows that manual workers with higher education..seem better able to integrate their work into their personality matrix.
1991 Creative Camera Oct. 48/2 The depiction of a universal human condition divorced wholly from the political matrix.
1993 Archit. Rev. Jan. 49/1 The matrix of tentacle-like entrance routes draw visitors in from the surrounding streets.
b. Business. An organizational structure in which two or more lines of reporting, responsibility, or communication run through the same individual (often used to supplement a traditional hierarchical structure of organization); spec. such a structure in which project teams are formed of staff drawn from separate departments or functions within the organization. Frequently attributive, esp. in matrix management, matrix organization. Cf. line n.2 19d.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > business affairs > management methods or systems > [noun] > other methods or systems
Sisyphism1846
concentration1848
sweating system1851
mutualization1904
functionalization1912
spread-over1919
taipanism1921
Taylorism1928
Taylorization1929
unitization1929
stretch-out1933
speed-up1935
Stakhanovism1936
corporatization1949
suboptimization1950
quality management1953
matrix management1959
customization1967
divisionalization1967
knowledge management1971
just-in-time1977
kanban system1977
intrapreneurialism1982
kaizen1985
hot-desking1991
hotelling1991
society > occupation and work > business affairs > a business or company > [noun] > type of structure of company
matrix1959
1959 J. Marschak in M. Haire Mod. Organization Theory xi. 308 (caption) A matrix of actions, observations, and internal communications.
1964 Business Horizons Summer 72/2 The concept of a matrix organization entails an organizational system designed as a ‘web of relationships’ rather than a line and staff relationship of work performance.
1975 Times Higher Educ. Suppl. 26 Sept. 9/1 Matrix management is a relatively new approach to modifying and supplementing the conventional hierarchical type of industrial organization, which is based on a pyramid of superior-subordinate authority relationships.
1985 A. M. Rugman & J. McIlveen Megafirms vi. 167 The approach is reflected in NorTel's matrix structure... The matrix is linked by product line primes (PLPs), who are responsible for [etc.].
1998 Computer Weekly 14 Jan. 27/1 Jones' research..found that..matrix management of projects is less efficient than hierarchical management where lines of control are clearer.
5. Science Fiction. Also Matrix. With the: = cyberspace n.
ΘΚΠ
society > computing and information technology > [noun] > computing environment
cyberland1975
matrix1976
cyberspace1982
cyberworld1991
metaverse1992
webspace1993
1976 R. Holmes Doctor Who: Deadly Assassin (BBC TV script) 50 Engin. How can you intercept thought patterns within the matrix itself? The Doctor: By going in there. By joining it.
1984 W. Gibson Neuromancer (1989) ii. iii. 51 The matrix has its roots in primitive arcade games..in early graphics programs and military experimentation in cranial jacks.
1990 J. S. Quarterman (title) The matrix: computer networks and conferencing systems worldwide.
1999 (film title) The matrix.
2007 R. J. Pineiro SpyWare 51 She thrived inside the matrix, surfing the Web armed with the latest generation of virtual-reality software.
II. Technical uses.
6. A mould, die, etc.
a. In Printing: a metal block in which a character is stamped or engraved so as to form a mould for casting a type; the paper squeeze of a form of type, serving as a mould for a type-metal cast. In Coining: an engraved die used to strike a coin or medal. Also (in extended use): any mould in which something is cast or shaped.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > other specific types of equipment > [noun] > moulds or shaping equipment
mouldc1330
share mould1568
matrice1587
matrix1626
form1655
ice mould1781
intaglio1825
hand mould1829
striker1843
wax-mould1849
Savoy mould1866
snap-flask1875
moulding board1882
pipe diea1884
injection mould1945
shell-mould1950
the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > [noun] > cast or impression > mould
mouldc1330
matrice1587
moulder1612
plasm1620
matrix1626
model1636
form1655
impress1695
proplasm1695
form-board1917
society > communication > printing > type founding > type-founding equipment > [noun] > matrix
matrice1587
matrix1626
strike1871
mat1923
society > trade and finance > money > coining > [noun] > tools used in coining > stamping irons or dies
ironOE
standardc1473
trussellc1473
coining-irons1483
printing iron1525
coin1559
pile1562
matrix1626
hand press1638
coining press1688
coining-stamps1688
matrice1728
coin-stamp1850
hub1851
1626 J. Ussher Let. in R. Parr Life J. Usher (1686) Coll. xcix. 343 His Matrices of the Oriental Tongues are bought by Elzevir the Printer.
?1637 Cause of Complaint of A. Nicholls (P.R.O.: SP16/376) f. 28 Cuttinge the Punches & Mattrices belonginge to the castinge of one sorte of letters.
1709 Tanner 3 Oct. in Ballard MSS IV. 53 They find the want of Matrices at their Press.
1724 H. Wanley Diary 9 July (1966) II. 297 My Lord sent hither the Matrices of certain old Seals.
1818 Gentleman's Mag. 88 330 The matrix and puncheon had not made his heart callous.
1832 C. Babbage Econ. Machinery & Manuf. (ed. 3) xi. 74 Each matrix [(ed. 2) matrice] being in fact a piece of copper of the same size as the type.
1832 Act 2 Will. IV c. 34 §10 Any Puncheon, Counter-puncheon, Matrix, Stamp, Die, Pattern or Mould in or upon which there shall be made or impressed..the Figure [etc.]..of any of the King's current Gold or Silver Coin.
1859 G. A. Sala Gaslight & Daylight ii. 27 His nimble fingers are shaping out the matrix of a monstrous human face, for a pantomimic mask.
1863 D. Wilson Prehistoric Ann. Scotl. (ed. 2) I. ii. ii. 347 Moulded into form in the double matrix of stone or metal.
1902 J. E. Hodgkin Rariora II. 52 The discovery or invention of the leaden matrix, which played..so important a part in very early typography.
1982 Sci. Amer. Dec. 132/3 The key to mass production is that the potter can make as many of these matrixes as he wants.
1992 Numismatist Mar. 386/3 Deriving 63 of the original 90 varieties from the 1881 Haseltine Type Table, the matrix, Browning meticulously expanded and restructured the entire area.
b. The bed or area hollowed out in a slab in which a monumental brass is fixed.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > record > memorial or monument > [noun] > structure or erection > stone > others > specific part
impost1748
matrix1861
1861 H. Haines Monumental Brasses i. cxxiii There is the matrix of a brass at Tormarton.
1864 C. Boutell Heraldry Hist. & Pop. (ed. 3) xx. 337 Deeply scored with the matrices of the lost Brasses.
1890 J. T. Fowler in Proc. Soc. Antiq. 2nd Ser. 13 39 The grooves and holes for running lead to the rivets are distinctly seen in the matrices.
1937 Speculum 12 475 These are incised effigies made of plates of brass or latten which are countersunk into matrices cut into floor-slabs of various kinds of stone.
c. Dentistry. A plate of metal or impression material which serves as a temporary wall for a cavity of a tooth during filling.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > dentistry > [noun] > other dental equipment
explorer1844
plate1845
rose head1847
plugging forceps1861
plugger1862
rubber dam1865
finger mirror1867
nerve instrument1867
hoe1875
saliva extractor1877
thimble1877
finger-tray1878
scaler1881
matrix1883
saliva ejectora1884
sickle scaler1930
1883 Dental Rec. 3 458 No matter whether one or two or even all the walls of the cavity are gone, they may be restored by a matrix.
1963 C. R. Cowell et al. Inlays, Crowns, & Bridges v. 44 The band is then seated on the tooth.., and when it is in position strong pressure is exerted on the wax and simultaneously the matrix is tightened.
d. Sound Recording. A copy (positive or negative) of an original disc recording, which is used for making other copies; spec. such a copy used as a stamper.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > record > recording or reproducing sound or visual material > sound recording and reproduction > a sound recording > [noun] > record or disc > matrix or negative
master1904
matrix1904
master matrix1918
mother1918
negative1918
stamper1918
1904 S. R. Bottone Talking Machines & Records 86 A copper matrix is first made from it [sc. the original disc] by electrotyping... From the copper matrix thus produced any number of duplicates can be moulded out of ebonite by hot pressure.
1922 O. Mitchell Talking Machine Industry vi. 69 Several matrices are formed, which are then nickel-plated, polished and receive a strong backing of heavy steel as a support.
1935 H. C. Bryson Gramophone Rec. vi. 142 Negative matrices, i.e., master and stamper, may be made to reproduce by means of a special needle, the end of which is split into a tiny fork which just fits over the ridge.
1992 Classic CD 25 May 22/3 Decca has 70,000 to 80,000 matrices, the majority of them LPs.
e. Photography. A dyed print in relief used for transferring colour to a final colour print.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > a photograph > [noun] > picture produced from negative > used for colour transfer
matrix1947
1947 Van Nostrand's Sci. Encycl. (ed. 2) 917/2 Dyed relief films or differentially hardened films are generally called matrices when used in an imbibition process.
1957 R. W. G. Hunt Reprod. Colour v. 44 The matrix film is..then washed with hot water to leave a hardened gelatin relief image.
1997 Chicago Tribune 14 Dec. vii. 20/3 With dye transfer you make a few trial prints (for color timing) and you have your matrices to make your release prints from.
7.
a. Mathematics. A rectangular array of symbols or mathematical expressions arranged in rows and columns, treated as a single entity, and now usually written within round brackets. Also gen.: any similar tabulated arrangement of items.identity, pay-off, row, singular, unit, unitary matrix, etc.: see the first element.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > tensor > [noun] > matrix
matrix1850
the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > numerical arrangement > [noun] > array > matrix
matrix1850
unit matrix1861
adjugate1882
adjoint1889
submatrix1903
identity matrix1908
row matrix1936
transpose1937
singular matrix1964
1850 J. J. Sylvester in London, Edinb., & Dublin Philos. Mag. 37 369 We..commence..with an oblong arrangement of terms consisting, suppose, of m lines and n columns. This will not in itself represent a determinant, but is, as it were, a Matrix out of which we may form various systems of determinants by fixing upon a number p, and selecting at will p lines and p columns, the squares corresponding to which may be termed determinants of the pth order.
1902 Encycl. Brit. XXV. 278/1 The matrix consists of n rows and n columns.
1938 R. A. Frazer et al. Elem. Matrices i. 2 A row matrix is often called..a vector of the first kind..; while a column matrix is referred to as a vector of the second kind.
1960 IRE Trans. Med. Electronics 7 280/2 Let us start with a large matrix filled with 1's and 0's, depending upon whether a particular case does or does not have a particular symptom.
1990 Accountancy Mar. 45/2 The matrix banks use to judge the adequacy of their provisions against exposure to countries experiencing debt repayment problems.
b. Logic. An array of symbols representing truth values, giving the result of all possible assignments of truth values to components of a propositional form or proposition; = truth table n. at truth n. and adv. Compounds 4. Also: that part of a truth table which is an array of the total truth-possibilities (see quot. 1965); a set of basic truth tables for a particular system of logic (see quot. 1973). Frequently attributive.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > logical truth > [adjective] > other terms relating to
matrix1914
truth-functional1936
constative1955
the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > logical truth > [noun] > truth value > terms relating to
matrix1914
truth table1920
principle of bivalence1951
constative1955
1914 C. I. Lewis in Jrnl. Philos., Psychol. & Sci. Methods 11 600 The matrix algebra for implications is useful as an instrument for investigating the interrelations of necessity, truth, possibility, falsity.
1955 A. N. Prior Formal Logic 243 In the other matrices, the corner values are the usual ones for the corresponding two-valued operators.
1965 G. E. Hughes & D. G. Londey Elements Formal Logic iii. 21 The array of possible combinations of truth-values of the variables (always set out on the left) will be called the matrix.
1973 J. J. Zeman Modal Logic v. 89 What we refer to may be called the matrix method... A truth-value system, or matrix, may be thought of as a set of tables, one for each of the primitive operators of the system, which may be used in computing a ‘truth table’ for any wff of the system.
c. Electronics. An array of circuit elements whose interconnections form a rectangular lattice or grid; spec. (a) Computing a single layer of cores in a magnetic core memory (now chiefly historical); (b) chiefly Television and Broadcasting, a circuit designed to produce outputs that are linear combinations, in different proportions, of a number of inputs. Frequently attributive.
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society > computing and information technology > hardware > [noun] > electronic component, circuitry > semiconductor
inverter1948
matrix1948
staticisor1949
staticizer1949
AND gate1959
cryosar1959
negater1962
negator1963
invertor1966
society > communication > broadcasting > television > transmitting or receiving apparatus > [noun] > circuit for mixing signals
matrix1948
society > communication > record > recording or reproducing sound or visual material > [noun] > accuracy of reproduction > optimum channel for > circuit designed to produce
matrix1948
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electronics > electronic phenomena > electronic circuit > [noun] > other electronic circuits
closed circuit1827
magnetic circuit1853
earth return1869
control circuit1892
Armstrong1916
rejector circuit1919
rejector1920
acceptor1921
biotron1921
stabilizer1924
ring modulator1936
squelch1937
load1943
multiar1946
clamp1947
integrating circuit1948
matrix1948
AND gate1959
biocircuit1963
1948 Gloss. Computer Terms (Mass. Inst. Technol. Servomechanisms Lab. Rep. R-138) 7 Matrix switch, a multi-position switch used in computers for decoding binary numbers. By mixing the output of flip-flops holding a binary number in an array of crystal rectifiers or resistors, it permits selection of one or a group of output lines.
1952 RCA Rev. June 185 The selected core will be magnetized in the desired direction while all other cores in the matrix will remain unaffected.
1954 Proc. IRE 42 201/2 In a 3-tube video matrix with RL and rb equal to 5000 ohms, the gain per tube will be one third of the gain of a one-tube amplifier.
1969 P. B. Jordain Condensed Computer Encycl. 315 Such a diode matrix will encode decimal into binary.
1971 D. J. Seal Mazda Bk. Pal Receiver Servicing i. 7 Two colour difference signals (R−Y and B−Y) are fed from the decoder to the matrix, where they are combined with the luminance signal (Y) to form the three primary colour signals red, green and blue.
1986 R. L. Brewster Telecommunications Technol. ii. 30 A connection between a particular input terminal and a particular output terminal can be attained by closing the switch contacts at the appropriate cross-point in the matrix.
1992 RS Components: Electronic & Electr. Products July 836/3 The LM1886 contains a video matrix and three D to A converters which together provide outputs of luminance and colour difference from three bit red, green and blue inputs.
d. Computing. A rectangular array of potential image points. Chiefly in dot matrix n. See also matrix printer n. at Compounds 2.
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society > computing and information technology > hardware > peripherals > [noun] > monitor > display or screen
screen1925
screen display1928
window1966
matrix1983
1983 Listener 14 July 38/2 A liquid crystal display on a matrix of light-emitting diodes.
1985 Which Computer? Apr. 35/2 The screen matrix is 255 by 512 pixels.
1993 Pop. Sci. Oct. 58/1 Sharp's new 9.6-inch (diagonal) color LCD splits the screen into two sections, each containing a matrix of 240 by 640 pixels.
e. Computing. With the. The global network of electronic communication.
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1994 Guardian 1 Sept. (OnLine section) 9/5 All hosts on the Matrix can exchange e-mail.
1996 Internet World June 72/2 The matrix includes the consumer Internet, which includes the core Internet.
1999 Guardian (Electronic ed.) 4 June They've discovered that the world..doesn't exist. It is, instead, Virtual Reality–the Matrix–specifically designed to enslave humanity in a humdrum existence.
8. Logic. An expression that would become a statement if its variables were replaced by constants (i.e. by names of individuals or classes or statements, as appropriate); = propositional function n. at propositional adj. Compounds. Also (esp. in predicate calculus): a quantifier-free part of a formula (see quots. 1954, 1971).
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the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > predicate or propositional logic > [noun] > predicate calculus > element in
matrix1908
the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > predicate or propositional logic > [noun] > variable > expression containing
matrix1908
1908 B. Russell in Amer. Jrnl. Math. 30 238 Then p/a, which we will call a matrix, may take the place of a function.
1910 A. N. Whitehead & B. Russell Principia Mathematica I. 262 Let us give the name of matrix to any function, of however many variables, which does not involve any apparent variables.
1932 C. I. Lewis & C. H. Langford Symbolic Logic ix. 267 Such functions as f(x) and p ∨ q..we may call matrices.
1954 I. M. Copi Symbolic Logic ix. 298 In any wff in prenex normal form (Qx1) (Qx2)..(Qxn) G the group of quantifiers (Qx1)(Qx2)..(Qxn) is the prefix and the quantifier-free formula G is the matrix.
1971 G. Hunter Metalogic 252 A formula A is in prenex normal form iff it is of the form Qv1..QvnB, where each Q is either ∧ or ∨, n ≥ 0, B is a wff, and no quantifiers occur in B. The B..is called the matrix of A, and the part of A (if any) that precedes the matrix is called the prefix.
Compounds
C1. General attributive.
a. (In sense 1.)† matrix-suffocation n. Obsolete
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1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. ii. i. 346 Such are the fruitfull Matrix-suffocation, The Falling-sicknes, and pale Swouning-passion.
b. (In sense 6a.)† matrix-maker n. Obsolete
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1656 Earl of Monmouth tr. T. Boccalini Ragguagli di Parnasso i. li. 101 This Serjeant was son to a Matrix-maker.
c. (In sense 3a.)
(a)
matrix vase n.
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1857 S. Birch Hist. Anc. Pottery (1858) II. 353 This matrix vase was made of a very fine bright red clay.
(b)
matrix-encircled adj.
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1890 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Miner's Right III. xlii. 257 Many a quaint fragment, or matrix-encircled nugget,..was transferred..on that auspicious day.
d. (In sense 7a.)
matrix algebra n.
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1914 C. I. Lewis in Jrnl. Philos., Psychol. & Sci. Methods 11 600 The matrix algebra for implications is useful as an instrument for investigating the interrelations of necessity, truth, possibility, falsity.
1969 D. C. Hague Managerial Econ. i. 24 With complex decision problems..calculus and matrix algebra may have to be used.
1990 Proc. London Math. Soc. 61 572 Unique factorisation theorems were obtained for certain infinite tensor products..of upper triangular matrix algebras.
matrix multiplication n.
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1909 Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 10 483 The ordinary rule for matrix multiplication still holds, if the elements of the matrices are regarded..as themselves representing matrices.
1976 M. A. Morrison et al. Quantum States vi. 153 These matrix elements are defined by simple matrix multiplication.
matrix product n.
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1916 Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 17 395 The elements of the infinite sequence of matrix products Rm+1(x)Q1−1(x)..will certainly converge absolutely and uniformly to the elements of a limit matrix if [etc.].
1947 S. A. Stigant Mod. Electr. Engin. Math. iv. 72 Matrix products follow the distributive law.
C2.
matrix mechanics n. Physics a form of quantum mechanics developed by W. Heisenberg in which the operators corresponding to physical coordinates (position, momentum, etc.) are represented by matrices with time-dependent elements.
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the world > matter > physics > quantum theory > quantum mechanics > matrix mechanics > [noun]
matrix mechanics1926
1926 P. A. M. Dirac in Proc. Royal Soc. A. 112 666 In Heisenberg's matrix mechanics it is assumed that the elements of the matrices that represent the dynamical variables determine the frequencies and intensities of the components of the radiation emitted.
1966 McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. (rev. ed.) VIII. 181/2 Matrix mechanics is disadvantageous for obtaining quantitative solutions to actual problems; because it is concisely expressed in a form independent of special coordinate systems, however, matrix mechanics is advantageous for proving general theorems.
1989 R. Penrose Emperor's New Mind (1991) vi. 231 At first, their two schemes (‘matrix mechanics’ in 1925 and ‘wave mechanics’, in 1926, respectively) seemed quite different, but they were soon shown to be equivalent.
matrix metering n. Photography a system of exposure calculation in which an overall exposure setting is calculated by combining individual readings taken for several separate zones of the image area.
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1988 N.Y. Times 17 Apr. i. 67/2 What Nikon used to call AMP metering (Automatic Multi-Pattern metering) is now called Matrix metering.
1998 InternetWeek (Electronic ed.) 9 Nov. The camera..lets you choose among spot, center-weight and matrix metering while applying a five-mode speed light.
matrix number n. the number assigned to a particular matrix by a record company.
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society > communication > record > recording or reproducing sound or visual material > sound recording and reproduction > a sound recording > [noun] > record or disc > matrix or negative > matrix number
matrix number1937
master number1939
1937 Down Beat Feb. 9/1 After each record Delaunay gave also the matrix number.
1965 G. Melly Owning-up xi. 129 He was a record collector who knew the matrix number..of every record in his immaculately filed collection.
1968 M. Leadbitter & N. Slaven Blues Records 7 All matrix numbers where known are given for completeness sake, even though they may only be the issue number with A or B suffixes or numbers allocated by pressing plants.
matrix printer n. a printer in which each printed character is made up of a pattern of dots selected from a rectangular grid.
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society > computing and information technology > hardware > peripherals > [noun] > printer > dot matrix
matrix printer1958
dot matrix1982
1958 C. G. Gotlieb & J. N. P. Hume High-speed Data Processing iii. 59 IBM has matrix printers for use with the 702 and 705 data processors.
1988 Computer Weekly 12 May 22 Ninepin matrix printers saw their market share falling.
matrix sentence n. Linguistics (in transformational grammar) a sentence in which subordinate sentences may be embedded.
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the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > syntax or word order > syntactic unit or constituent > [noun] > sentence > specific types of
clause?c1225
compound sentence1772
complex sentence1881
run-on1892
kernel1957
simplex1960
matrix sentence1964
1964 E. Bach Introd. Transformational Gram. iv. 75 In such rules the ‘embedding’ sentence is called the matrix sentence, the embedded one the constituent sentence (or string).
1972 R. R. K. Hartmann & F. C. Stork Dict. Lang. & Linguistics 138 Matrix sentences often coincide with what is known in traditional grammar as main clauses.
1992 I. A. E. Cunningham Syntactic Anal. Sea Island Creole 117 If the matrix sentence contains a negative, the relative nominal of the insert may be optionally transformed into the negative, don't.
C3. attributive. Designating a metal or precious stone which has been extracted from the surrounding matrix (sense 3a), rather than from a pure vein, or which contains an admixture of the matrix rock.
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society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > [noun] > mixed with matrix material
matrix1851
1851 Empire (Sydney) 7 Aug. 22/7 [The fund] will soon be very materially enhanced by the addition of the proposed royalties of matrix gold.
1873 C. Robinson New S. Wales 57 Irrespective of vein or matrix tin.
1921 Brit. Mus. Return 157 in Parl. Papers XXVII. 651 A suite of specimens of sapphire..comprising two matrix specimens.
1974 B. Myatt Dict. Austral. Gemstones 134 Matrix opal or mother of opal is the term applied to material, often ironstone, which contains closely spaced veinlets or flecks of precious opal.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2001; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
matrixv.
/ˈmeɪtrɪks/, U.S. /ˈmeɪtrɪks/ Television and Sound Recording.
transitive. To combine (signals) by matrixing.
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society > communication > record > recording or reproducing sound or visual material > record [verb (transitive)] > blend signals for optimum channel
matrix1968
society > communication > broadcasting > television > visual element > [verb (transitive)] > scanning, etc.
interlace1927
matrix1968
1968 Jrnl. SMPTE 77 909 To create the Y signal, the R, G, B signals are matrixed in the normal manner after which the ‘combined’ signal is amplified and inverted.
1971 D. J. Seal Mazda Bk. Pal Receiver Servicing i. 7 The decoder accepts the PAL chrominance signal.., demodulates it and produces two colour difference signals to be matrixed and amplified by the colour difference amplifiers.
1987 Hi-Fi News Jan. 23/1 A matching receiver expands the doctored sub-carrier and matrixes it with sum signal to give left and right channels for stereo.
1993 Sound & Vision Apr. 5/1 The extra channel information was matrixed 180 degrees out of phase with the front left and right channels.
Derivatives
ˈmatrixed adj. combined by matrixing.
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society > communication > record > recording or reproducing sound or visual material > [adjective] > matrixed
matrixed1969
1969 Official Gaz. (U.S. Patent Office) 22 Apr. 1242/1 There is disclosed..means for matrixing color difference signals and for combining the matrixed and luminance signals.
1972 Observer 22 Oct. (Colour Suppl.) 54/4 Not all the matrix systems are compatible with each other, though a machine like the Pioneer QX-8000 is capable of dealing with all forms of matrixed four-channel.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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v.1968