manufacturingn.

Brit.

/ˌmanjᵿˈfaktʃərɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˌmæn(j)əˈfæktʃərɪŋ/,

/ˌmæn(j)əˈfækʃ(ə)rɪŋ/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: manufacture v., -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: < manufacture v. + -ing suffix¹.For possible confusion between attributive examples of the noun and manufacturing adj. see discussion at that entry.

The action or process of manufacturing something; production, fabrication. Now also: the sector of the economy engaged in industrial production.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > manufacture or production > [noun]

makinglOE

workinga1382

forge1390

fashion1463

facture1574

workmanship1578

fabrication1602

manufaction1602

opificec1616

manufacture1622

makec1631

manufactorya1641

manufact1647

manufacturage1665

manufacturing1669

production1767

mfg.1854

artificing1866

process work1881

machine-production1898

metal-bending1964

society > leisure > the arts > literature > art or occupation of writer or author > [noun] > action or practice of composing > hack-writing

hackwork1824

hack writing1832

devilling1867

manufacturing1893

ghosting1903

ghostwriting1927

1669 England's Interest asserted in Improvem. Native Commodities 5 The dammage of the exporting of this one Pack from England to France, at about 10 l. or 12 l. Sterling, preventing the manufacturing of two Packs more in England.

1690 J. Child Disc. Trade x. 178 Where there is little Manufacturing,..the profit of Plantations, viz. the greatest part thereof will not redound to the Mother-Kingdom.

1729 B. Franklin Modest Enq. 32 If raising Wheat proves dull, more may..proceed to the raising and manufacturing of Hemp, Silk, Iron.

1757 S. Foote Author i. 5 I have a larger Cargo of my own manufacturing.

1794 T. Dwight Greenfield Hill i. (note) Thus without any peculiar assistance from commerce, or manufacturing, an immense population can exist on the mere labours of the husbandman.

1817 T. R. Malthus Ess. Princ. Population (ed. 5) II. iii. ix. 408 The slackness of its neighbours in manufacturing, or any other cause.

1865 Morning Star 3 May The roasting of ore and the manufacturing of arsenic.

1893 Athenæum 23 Sept. 412/2 The mere manufacturing of poetry.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 898/2 Manufacturing is the most important industry.

1947 Fortune May 204/2 [Ford] has found that forty-four years of faithful manufacturing has rolled up a tremendous fund of good will.

1991 Daily Tel. 5 Jan. 16/4 The jobless rate in December rose from 5.9 per cent to 6.1 per cent, with manufacturing hardest hit.

Compounds

C1. General attributive, with the sense ‘engaged or involved in manufacturing; used for or in manufacturing’.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > manufacture or production > [adjective]

manufactory1704

manufacturing1722

manufactural1757

industrial1815

productional1899

1722 D. Defoe Jrnl. Plague Year 257 The Manufacturing Trade in England suffer'd greatly.

1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations II. iv. v. 113 If he valued them lower, he lost a part of the profit of his manufacturing capital.

1836 H. Smith Tin Trumpet II. 154 The discovery that water would resist being boiled above 212, degrees has conferred upon England its manufacturing supremacy.

1852 A. Ryland Assay of Gold & Silver iii. 28 The standards for gold are 22 and 18 carats of pure metal in every ounce... The lower standard is used for all manufacturing purposes.

1892 12th Rep. Vermont State Board Agric. 1891–2 140 As these manufacturing centers increase in size, so do the farm lands in like ratio increase in value.

1896 Daily News 13 Jan. 7/5 Gas and manufacturing fuel and all kinds of coke are selling freely.

1915 W. F. Munn Confessions Consulting Chemist in Munsey's Mag. June 89/2 The head of a manufacturing concern which turns out great quantities of a certain sort of tank.

1959 Chambers's Encycl. IX. 51/1 The manufacturing industries of Manchester are much more varied than in a specialized manufacturing town.

1977 Belfast Tel. 22 Feb. 15/1 Few people in manufacturing industry will look on 1976 as other than part of the bleak mid-seventies.

1982 Times 11 May 17/2 Half a dozen major industries, each of which would be transformed by new manufacturing processes based on cell culture, genetic engineering, or the catalysing powers of enzymes.

1991 Economist 5 Oct. 103/3 While manufacturing firms may be on the road to recovery, service firms..have yet to see their part of the economy bottom out.

C2.

manufacturing automation protocol n. a set of data exchange codes linking various machines in a factory; frequently attributive; also abbreviated MAP (see M n. Initialisms 1).

ΚΠ

1983 Electronic News (Nexis) 14 Mar. 46 General Motors..is using the 802 spec in its so-called manufacturing automation protocol system (MAPS) program.

1984 Control Engin. July 73/1 July 9, 1984, marks the first demonstration of a standard digital communications scheme for industrial automation, the General Motors Manufacturing Automation Protocol (MAP) Specifications.

1990 New Scientist 28 July 34/2 A set of codes called Manufacturing Automation Protocol, which most of the world's machine-tool makers follow, controlled the robots.

1998 Mass. High Tech (Nexis) 9 Mar. x. 8 A new product was designed to take Concord out of the Local Area Network (LAN), Manufacturing Automation Protocol (MAP) business and into the world of Internet-based, network performance and analysis tools.

manufacturing technology n. technology relating to manufacturing; an example of such technology.

ΚΠ

1890 Jrnl. Franklin Inst. 130 247 The subjects of instruction were indicated to be..physics, drawing, manufacturing technology, [etc.].

1966 Times 7 Feb. 14/3 Process specifications and manufacturing technologies for their lines of digital and linear integrated circuits.

2002 J. Heskett Toothpicks & Logos vi. 115 Changes in manufacturing technology away from mass production towards flexible manufacture for niche markets.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

manufacturingadj.

Brit.

/ˌmanjᵿˈfaktʃərɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˌmæn(j)əˈfæktʃərɪŋ/,

/ˌmæn(j)əˈfækʃ(ə)rɪŋ/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: manufacture v., -ing suffix².

Etymology: < manufacture v. + -ing suffix².In many cases it is difficult to distinguish examples of the adjective from attributive examples of manufacturing n., especially where the noun modified does not denote a personal agent, but can be conceived in terms of personal agency, e.g. town , country , industry , labour . In earlier use, such examples are generally best interpreted as the adjective, but by the end of the 19th cent. they are predominantly perceived as attributive examples of the noun in the sense ‘the sector of the economy engaged in industrial production’ (see quots. 1776¹, a1850 and compare quots. 1959, 1977, 1991 at manufacturing n. Compounds 1); hence it is now almost impossible to say with certainty that the adjective is being used except where the noun modified denotes a personal agent directly engaged in the action of making something.

That manufactures something, esp. goods for sale.

ΚΠ

1722 D. Defoe Jrnl. Plague Year 258 All the manufacturing Hands in the Nation were set on Work.

1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations I. iii. iv. 494 The increase and riches of commercial and manufacturing towns.

1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations II. iv. viii. 276 A trading and manufacturing country..naturally purchases with a small part of its manufactured produce a great part of the rude produce of other countries.

1788 A. Hamilton Federalist Papers lx. 175 Will it lean in favor of the landed interest, or the monied interest, or the mercantile interest, or the manufacturing interest?

1825 J. R. McCulloch Princ. Polit. Econ. ii. i. 72 Labour..is said to be agricultural, manufacturing, or commercial.

a1850 W. Wordsworth Excursion (rev. ed.) in Wks. (1857) VI. (Notes dictated to Miss Fenwick) 13 I cannot forbear noticing the strenuous efforts made at this time in Parliament..to extend manufacturing and commercial industry at the expense of agricultural.

1891 W. Morris News from Nowhere xvii. 133 The manufacturing profit-grinders now found themselves powerless before this combination.

1906 Westm. Gaz. 18 Sept. 8/1 It has never been suggested that..a branch of a manufacturing tobacconist is more objectionable from the point of view of the anti-smoker than a shop owned by a private tradesman.

1991 Country Living (BNC) Mar. Pills..concocted by Tim's great-grandfather, a manufacturing chemist who set up in business in the 1880s.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2000; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	manufacturing
释义	manufacturingn. Brit. /ˌmanjᵿˈfaktʃərɪŋ/, U.S. /ˌmæn(j)əˈfæktʃərɪŋ/, /ˌmæn(j)əˈfækʃ(ə)rɪŋ/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: manufacture v., -ing suffix¹. Etymology: < manufacture v. + -ing suffix¹.For possible confusion between attributive examples of the noun and manufacturing adj. see discussion at that entry. The action or process of manufacturing something; production, fabrication. Now also: the sector of the economy engaged in industrial production. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > manufacture or production > [noun] makinglOE workinga1382 forge1390 fashion1463 facture1574 workmanship1578 fabrication1602 manufaction1602 opificec1616 manufacture1622 makec1631 manufactorya1641 manufact1647 manufacturage1665 manufacturing1669 production1767 mfg.1854 artificing1866 process work1881 machine-production1898 metal-bending1964 society > leisure > the arts > literature > art or occupation of writer or author > [noun] > action or practice of composing > hack-writing hackwork1824 hack writing1832 devilling1867 manufacturing1893 ghosting1903 ghostwriting1927 1669 England's Interest asserted in Improvem. Native Commodities 5 The dammage of the exporting of this one Pack from England to France, at about 10 l. or 12 l. Sterling, preventing the manufacturing of two Packs more in England. 1690 J. Child Disc. Trade x. 178 Where there is little Manufacturing,..the profit of Plantations, viz. the greatest part thereof will not redound to the Mother-Kingdom. 1729 B. Franklin Modest Enq. 32 If raising Wheat proves dull, more may..proceed to the raising and manufacturing of Hemp, Silk, Iron. 1757 S. Foote Author i. 5 I have a larger Cargo of my own manufacturing. 1794 T. Dwight Greenfield Hill i. (note) Thus without any peculiar assistance from commerce, or manufacturing, an immense population can exist on the mere labours of the husbandman. 1817 T. R. Malthus Ess. Princ. Population (ed. 5) II. iii. ix. 408 The slackness of its neighbours in manufacturing, or any other cause. 1865 Morning Star 3 May The roasting of ore and the manufacturing of arsenic. 1893 Athenæum 23 Sept. 412/2 The mere manufacturing of poetry. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 898/2 Manufacturing is the most important industry. 1947 Fortune May 204/2 [Ford] has found that forty-four years of faithful manufacturing has rolled up a tremendous fund of good will. 1991 Daily Tel. 5 Jan. 16/4 The jobless rate in December rose from 5.9 per cent to 6.1 per cent, with manufacturing hardest hit. Compounds C1. General attributive, with the sense ‘engaged or involved in manufacturing; used for or in manufacturing’. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > manufacture or production > [adjective] manufactory1704 manufacturing1722 manufactural1757 industrial1815 productional1899 1722 D. Defoe Jrnl. Plague Year 257 The Manufacturing Trade in England suffer'd greatly. 1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations II. iv. v. 113 If he valued them lower, he lost a part of the profit of his manufacturing capital. 1836 H. Smith Tin Trumpet II. 154 The discovery that water would resist being boiled above 212, degrees has conferred upon England its manufacturing supremacy. 1852 A. Ryland Assay of Gold & Silver iii. 28 The standards for gold are 22 and 18 carats of pure metal in every ounce... The lower standard is used for all manufacturing purposes. 1892 12th Rep. Vermont State Board Agric. 1891–2 140 As these manufacturing centers increase in size, so do the farm lands in like ratio increase in value. 1896 Daily News 13 Jan. 7/5 Gas and manufacturing fuel and all kinds of coke are selling freely. 1915 W. F. Munn Confessions Consulting Chemist in Munsey's Mag. June 89/2 The head of a manufacturing concern which turns out great quantities of a certain sort of tank. 1959 Chambers's Encycl. IX. 51/1 The manufacturing industries of Manchester are much more varied than in a specialized manufacturing town. 1977 Belfast Tel. 22 Feb. 15/1 Few people in manufacturing industry will look on 1976 as other than part of the bleak mid-seventies. 1982 Times 11 May 17/2 Half a dozen major industries, each of which would be transformed by new manufacturing processes based on cell culture, genetic engineering, or the catalysing powers of enzymes. 1991 Economist 5 Oct. 103/3 While manufacturing firms may be on the road to recovery, service firms..have yet to see their part of the economy bottom out. C2. manufacturing automation protocol n. a set of data exchange codes linking various machines in a factory; frequently attributive; also abbreviated MAP (see M n. Initialisms 1). ΚΠ 1983 Electronic News (Nexis) 14 Mar. 46 General Motors..is using the 802 spec in its so-called manufacturing automation protocol system (MAPS) program. 1984 Control Engin. July 73/1 July 9, 1984, marks the first demonstration of a standard digital communications scheme for industrial automation, the General Motors Manufacturing Automation Protocol (MAP) Specifications. 1990 New Scientist 28 July 34/2 A set of codes called Manufacturing Automation Protocol, which most of the world's machine-tool makers follow, controlled the robots. 1998 Mass. High Tech (Nexis) 9 Mar. x. 8 A new product was designed to take Concord out of the Local Area Network (LAN), Manufacturing Automation Protocol (MAP) business and into the world of Internet-based, network performance and analysis tools. manufacturing technology n. technology relating to manufacturing; an example of such technology. ΚΠ 1890 Jrnl. Franklin Inst. 130 247 The subjects of instruction were indicated to be..physics, drawing, manufacturing technology, [etc.]. 1966 Times 7 Feb. 14/3 Process specifications and manufacturing technologies for their lines of digital and linear integrated circuits. 2002 J. Heskett Toothpicks & Logos vi. 115 Changes in manufacturing technology away from mass production towards flexible manufacture for niche markets. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). manufacturingadj. Brit. /ˌmanjᵿˈfaktʃərɪŋ/, U.S. /ˌmæn(j)əˈfæktʃərɪŋ/, /ˌmæn(j)əˈfækʃ(ə)rɪŋ/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: manufacture v., -ing suffix². Etymology: < manufacture v. + -ing suffix².In many cases it is difficult to distinguish examples of the adjective from attributive examples of manufacturing n., especially where the noun modified does not denote a personal agent, but can be conceived in terms of personal agency, e.g. town , country , industry , labour . In earlier use, such examples are generally best interpreted as the adjective, but by the end of the 19th cent. they are predominantly perceived as attributive examples of the noun in the sense ‘the sector of the economy engaged in industrial production’ (see quots. 1776¹, a1850 and compare quots. 1959, 1977, 1991 at manufacturing n. Compounds 1); hence it is now almost impossible to say with certainty that the adjective is being used except where the noun modified denotes a personal agent directly engaged in the action of making something. That manufactures something, esp. goods for sale. ΚΠ 1722 D. Defoe Jrnl. Plague Year 258 All the manufacturing Hands in the Nation were set on Work. 1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations I. iii. iv. 494 The increase and riches of commercial and manufacturing towns. View more context for this quotation 1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations II. iv. viii. 276 A trading and manufacturing country..naturally purchases with a small part of its manufactured produce a great part of the rude produce of other countries. View more context for this quotation 1788 A. Hamilton Federalist Papers lx. 175 Will it lean in favor of the landed interest, or the monied interest, or the mercantile interest, or the manufacturing interest? 1825 J. R. McCulloch Princ. Polit. Econ. ii. i. 72 Labour..is said to be agricultural, manufacturing, or commercial. a1850 W. Wordsworth Excursion (rev. ed.) in Wks. (1857) VI. (Notes dictated to Miss Fenwick) 13 I cannot forbear noticing the strenuous efforts made at this time in Parliament..to extend manufacturing and commercial industry at the expense of agricultural. 1891 W. Morris News from Nowhere xvii. 133 The manufacturing profit-grinders now found themselves powerless before this combination. 1906 Westm. Gaz. 18 Sept. 8/1 It has never been suggested that..a branch of a manufacturing tobacconist is more objectionable from the point of view of the anti-smoker than a shop owned by a private tradesman. 1991 Country Living (BNC) Mar. Pills..concocted by Tim's great-grandfather, a manufacturing chemist who set up in business in the 1880s. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2000; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1669adj.1722
随便看	feel like feel like a fish out of water feel like death feel like myself feel like oneself feel mean feel mops and brooms feel myself feel no pain feel of feel one's age feel one's feet feel one's legs feel one's oats feel one's way feel one's wings feel oneself feel oneself go feel or look streaked feel or look ugly feel out feel out one's way feel quite like oneself feel quite oneself feel rat shit