Australiann.adj.
/ɒˈstreɪlɪən/, /ɔːˈstreɪlɪən/, U.S. /ɔˈstreɪljən/, /ɔˈstreɪliən/, /ɑˈstreɪljən/, /ɑˈstreɪliən/ A. n. † 1. A native of the Terra Australis, including Australasia, Polynesia, and ‘Magellanica’. Obsolete.
2.
a. An Australian Aboriginal person; (later also) a colonist or resident of Australia.
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the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Antipodes > [noun] > terra Australis
Australian1693
the world > people > ethnicities > New Zealand and Australian indigenous peoples > Australian Aboriginal peoples > [noun]
New Hollander1697
Australian1815
blackfellow1827
aboriginal1828
Jacky Jacky1845
nigger1845
Australoid1869
murri1884
Abo1908
binghi1933
boong1941
the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Antipodes > native or inhabitant of Australia > [noun]
currency1827
native1848
Australian1880
kangaroo1888
Aussie1915
dinkum1916
Ozzie1918
Aussielander1919
pie eater1953
Strine1964
Oz1976
1693 New Discov. Terra Incogn. Austral. 163 It is easie to judge of the incomparability of the Australians with the people of Europe.
1768 tr. C. de Brosses Terra Australis Cognita II. 280 One of the Australians, or natives of the Southern World, whom Gonneville had brought into France.
1815 Ann. Reg. 546 Like most Australians their legs did not bear the European proportion to the size of their heads and bodies.
1880 Daily News 25 Nov. 5/2 Herbert it seems is an Australian, or at least has been living in Australia.
b. New Australian, a recent immigrant resident in Australia, esp. one from Europe.
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the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Antipodes > native or inhabitant of Australia > [noun] > types of
myall1818
whitefellow1834
Mongolian1859
New Australian1905
New Australian1926
munjon1945
Naussie1947
ocker1971
1926 J. Doone (title) Timely tips for new Australians.
1952 Mitchell in Chambers's Shorter Eng. Dict. Suppl. New Australian, an immigrant, usually a European; first applied to displaced persons from the Baltic countries.
1959 N.Z. Listener 9 Jan. 3/2 The hero of the story, Nino Culotta, is a New Australian—or what is now known as a Naussie.
3. absol. uses of the adjective (contextual sense editorially inserted in square brackets).
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society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessels from specific country or region > [noun] > from other specific countries or regions
Frenchman1473
Spaniard1537
Easterling1563
Flemingc1595
Levantisco1597
Burgundian1601
Irishman1645
Japanner1719
Bermudian1769
American1782
Swede1799
Australian1850
Liberian1971
the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > terrier > [noun] > Australian
Australian terrier1909
Australian1945
1850 E. Ward Jrnl. 3 Oct. (1951) 40 Australians [ships]..are not common enough to meet on the high seas.
1896 N. Newnham-Davis Three Men & a God 123 The additional felicity of exercising an old bucking Australian [horse] belonging to the Master.
1901 Westm. Gaz. 4 June 12/1 That well-known collector.. had a collection of Australians [stamps] alone worth £10,000.
1930 Economist 8 Nov. 866/2 The improving tendency of Australians [shares].
1945 C. L. B. Hubbard Observer's Bk. Dogs 21 Sydney Silky dogs are frequently crossed with Australians [Australian terriers].
B. adj.
Of or belonging to Australia.
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the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Australasia > [adjective] > Australia
Australian1814
Aussiea1910
Strine1964
Oz1971
Ozzie1973
1814 R. Brown in Flinders Voy. Terr. Austr. II. 535 The collection of Australian plants.
1839 Penny Cycl. XIV. 363 The Alfourou and Australian races.
a1885 Mod. Proposed confederation of the Australian colonies.
Compounds
In specific combinations with nouns.
Australian ballot n. (see quot. 1903).
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society > authority > office > appointment to office > choosing or fact of being chosen for office > election of representative body by vote > right to vote at elections > [noun] > systems of voting
scrutin de liste1851
cumulative vote1853
Australian ballot1888
preference1900
alternative vote1908
list system1908
preference voting1908
scrutin d'arrondissement1921
list voting1954
AV1965
1888 Nation (N.Y.) 2 Aug. 91/2 By introducing the secret ‘Australian ballot’ in Congressional elections..the use of bribery in the choice of Congressmen might be discouraged to some extent.
1903 A. B. Hart Actual Govt. 74 The so-called Australian ballot system, under which all the candidates appear upon one ballot, prepared and distributed by the state, and the voter indicates on the ballot his choice of candidates.
Australian bluebell creeper n. an evergreen vine of the genus Sollya with blue flowers.
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the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > climbing or creeping plants > non-British climbing or creeping plants > [noun] > Australasian
kareao1845
Kennedya1845
piripiri1853
balloon vine1889
wonga(-wonga) vine1895
Australian bluebell creeper1896
coral-pea1896
running postman1898
1896 T. W. Sanders Encycl. Gardening (ed. 2) 368 Sollya (Australian Bluebell Creeper).
1916 H. L. G. van Wijk Dict. Plantnames II. 81/2 Australian blue bell creeper.
Australian cattle-dog n. (see quots.).
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the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > sheepdog > [noun] > Australian cattle-dog
cattle-dog1878
bluey1879
blue heeler1900
Queensland heeler1905
Australian cattle-dog1926
Queensland blue heeler1956
1926 Austral. Encycl. II. 453/1 A blending of the native bred dog..and the smooth-haired Scotch sheep-dog... Such is the Australian cattle-dog.
1945 C. L. B. Hubbard Observer's Bk. Dogs 20 Australian Cattle Dog. Australian Heeler. This is an Australian manufactured breed much resembling a miniature Alsatian.
Australian cranberry n. see cranberry n. 2.
Australian crawl n. see crawl n.1 c.
Australian currant n. see currant n. 3.
Australian English n. the form of English used by the inhabitants of Australia; the characteristic features which distinguish this form.
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the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Germanic > English > Australian English
Australasiatic1890
Australian English1940
Strine1965
1940 A. G. Mitchell in Southerly July 11 (heading) Australian English.
1953 S. J. Baker Austral. Speaks 7 Scores of people have rallied to the cause of sorting out the intricacies of Australian English.
1967 Guardian 11 Jan. 18/8 There is Australian English, and American English, and Indian English, and West African English, and West Indian English—recognisable..as a matter of idiom and accent.
1985 Eng. World-wide 4 i. 36 (heading) Australian (and NZ) English.
Australian honeysuckle n. any of several plants of the genus Banksia (see honeysuckle n. 4).
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the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > shrubs > non-British shrubs > [noun] > Australasian
banksia1787
waratah1793
honeysuckle1803
pinkwood1824
honeysuckle tree1825
rose1825
blue bush1828
dogwood1828
parrotbill1829
tulip-tree1830
whitebeard1832
swamp-oak1833
bauera1835
mungitec1837
bottlebrush1839
clianthus1841
glory-pea1848
boronia1852
koromiko1855
pituri1861
Sturt's pea1865
scrub vine1866
pea-bush1867
cotton-bush1876
Australian honeysuckle1881
peach myrtle1882
saloop bush1884
naupaka1888
dog rose1896
native tulip1898
snow bush1909
wedding-bush1923
Hebe1961
mountain pepper1965
1881 Encycl. Brit. XII. 140/2 Australian or heath honeysuckle is the Australian Banksia serrata.
1898 E. E. Morris Austral Eng. 18/2 Banksia,..the so-called Australian Honeysuckle.
Australian kelpie n. see kelpie n.2
Australian ladybird n. (see quots.).
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the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Diversicornia > family Coccinellidae > rodolia cardinalis (Australian ladybird)
vedalia1889
Australian ladybird1902
1902 Encycl. Brit. XXVII. 636/2 One of the most notable examples of the use of insect allies is the case of the Australian Lady Bird, Adalia cardinalis.
1952 Mitchell in Chambers's Shorter Eng. Dict. Suppl. Australian ladybird, a small blue and orange beetle introduced into California in 1888 to combat the cottony-cushion scale.
Australian mahogany n. any of several eucalypts having hard red timber (Webster, 1909).
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the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular timber trees or shrubs > non-British timber trees > [noun] > Australasian
tallow-tree1704
rata1773
rosewood1779
red mahogany1798
ironbark1799
wild orange1802
red gum1803
rewarewa1817
red cedar1818
black-butted gum1820
Huon pine1820
miro1820
oak1821
horoeka1831
hinau1832
maire1832
totara1832
blackbutt1833
marri1833
raspberry jam tree1833
kohekohe1835
puriri1835
tawa1839
hickory1840
whau1840
pukatea1841
titoki1842
butterbush1843
iron gum1844
York gum1846
mangeao1848
myall1848
ironheart1859
lilly-pilly1860
belah1862
flindosa1862
jarrah1866
silky oak1866
teak of New South Wales1866
Tolosa-wood1866
turmeric-tree1866
walking-stick palm1869
tooart1870
queenwood1873
tarairi1873
boree1878
yate1880
axe-breaker1884
bangalay1884
coachwood1884
cudgerie1884
feather-wood1884
forest mahogany1884
maiden's blush1884
swamp mahogany1884
tallow-wood1884
teak of New Zealand1884
wandoo1884
heartwood1885
ivorywood1887
Jimmy Low1887
Burdekin plum1889
corkwood1889
pigeon-berry ash1889
red beech1889
silver beech1889
turnip-wood1891
black bean1895
red bean1895
pinkwood1898
poplar1898
rose mahogany1898
quandong1908
lancewood1910
New Zealand honeysuckle1910
Queensland walnut1919
mahogany gum1944
Australian mahogany1948
1948 T. Corkhill Gloss. Wood 19 Australian Mahogany. Dysoxylon fraseranum. Also called Australian Rosewood. Reddish colour and fragrant. Characteristics of red cedar. Very durable and stable. Used for general purposes, furniture, aircraft.
Australian manna n. a secretion of certain species of Eucalyptus, esp. E. viminalis.
Australian National Football n. the official name for Australian Rules football (see Australian rules n. below).
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society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > football > Australian football > [noun]
football1859
footy1900
Aussie rules1918
Australian rules1925
Australian National Football1927
national football1958
1927 Argus (Melbourne) 9 Aug. 10/6 The name of the council..was altered to that of the Australian National Football Council, and all of the States will place before the word ‘football’ in the title of their organisations the words ‘Australian National’.
1968 R. D. Eagleson & I. McKie Terminol. Austral. Nat. Football i. 12 This does not mean..that Australian National Football is the most frequently used term... In the community at large, Australian Rules would undoubtedly be the most common term.
Australian rock rose n. Obsolete rare a plant of the genus Hibbertia (family Dilleniaceae).
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1889 Cent. Dict. Hibbertia... These are the Australian rock-roses, and a number of their species are cultivated for their showy flowers.
Australian rules n. regulations governing a football game having certain characteristics of both association and rugby football, with eighteen players on each side; also, the game itself.
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society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > football > Australian football > [noun]
football1859
footy1900
Aussie rules1918
Australian rules1925
Australian National Football1927
national football1958
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > football > Australian football > [noun] > rules
Australian rules1925
rule1945
1925 Austral. Encycl. I. 479/1 Of matches under Australian (then known as Victorian) rules seven were won and 12 were lost.
1933 Bulletin (Sydney) 22 Mar. 30 The Australian rules football carnival in Sydney next August.
1958 Austral. Encycl. IV. 134/2 Generally, it [sc. Australian football] is known as the Australian Game, National Football, or Australian Rules.
Australian terrier n. a type of terrier bred in Australia, resembling the English wire-haired breeds.
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the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > terrier > [noun] > Australian
Australian terrier1909
Australian1945
1909 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Australian terrier.
1910 Encycl. Brit. VIII. 378 (caption) Australian Terrier.
1928 F. T. Barton Kennel Encycl. 26 The so-called Australian terriers are nothing more or less than inferior specimens of the Yorkshire terriers.
1966 Weekly News (N.Z.) 1 June 40 Australian terrier..a low-set, compact, active little dog which may be silver-grey with tan markings, or sandy.
Derivatives
Australioid adj. /ɔːˈstreɪlɪɔɪd/
/ɔːˈstreɪlɪɔɪd/ΘΠ
the world > people > ethnicities > New Zealand and Australian indigenous peoples > Australian Aboriginal peoples > [adjective]
aboriginal1825
aborigine1835
Australioid1864
Abo1911
1864 Reader No. 103. 771/1 Australioid rather than Australian.
1884 Sat. Rev. 26 July 118 Proving the existence of Australioid blood in our veins.
Australoid adj. /ˈɔːstrəlɔɪd/ of the ethnological type of the Australian Aboriginal peoples. Also as n.
/ˈɔːstrəlɔɪd/ of the ethnological type of the Australian Aboriginal peoples. Also as n.ΘΠ
the world > people > ethnicities > New Zealand and Australian indigenous peoples > Australian Aboriginal peoples > [noun]
New Hollander1697
Australian1815
blackfellow1827
aboriginal1828
Jacky Jacky1845
nigger1845
Australoid1869
murri1884
Abo1908
binghi1933
boong1941
1869 J. Lubbock Prehist. Times (ed. 2) xii. 378 The Australoid type contains all the inhabitants of Australia, and the native races of the Deccan.
1910 Encycl. Brit. II. 748/2 It is also probable that the Australoid family extends into south Arabia and Egypt.
1913 H. H. Johnston Pioneers Australasia ii. 49 The ancestors of the Tasmanians and Australoids were driven forth into the forests of Africa and southern Asia... The Australoids..became the native race of the Australian continent.
Draft additions June 2014
Australian sheepdog n. = kelpie n.2
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the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > sheepdog > [noun] > kelpie
Australian sheepdog1901
kelpie1907
barb1926
1901 Sydney Morning Herald 16 Feb. 11/3 Noah evidently happened to overlook the Australian sheepdog a good long time ago.
1964 Boys' Life July 14/1 He has an ‘international’ dog. It is descended from a Australian Sheepdog and a German Shepherd, whose offspring mated with a Scotch Collie.
2012 Independent 21 Mar. 45/1 The film tells a story of a kelpie (a type of Australian sheepdog) that befriends the disparate members of a mining town.
Draft additions June 2014
Australian Shepherd n. chiefly U.S. a breed of dog similar to and possibly derived from the Border collie, developed for herding in the western United States; a dog of this breed; also Australian Shepherd dog.The reason for the name is uncertain.
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1900 Anaconda (Montana) Standard 16 Oct. 8/2 An imported Australian shepherd dog, belonging to James Wiley, was run over and killed.
1977 Detroit Free Press 11 Dec. 21 d/2 (advt.) Australian Shepherd pups.
1994 Dog World Aug. 11/1 (caption) Australian Shepherds love the great outdoors and are well-suited for it.
2012 New Yorker 27 Feb. 53/3 You can see her Australian shepherd, Listo, doing its best Ginger Rogers.
Draft additions June 2016
Australian Central Standard Time n. the standard time in the Northern Territory and South Australia, nine and a half hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time; abbreviated ACST.See also central standard time n. (b) at central adj. Compounds, Eastern Standard Time n. (b) at eastern adj. and n. Compounds 1.
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1956 Illustr. London News 6 Oct. 537/1 The first atomic device of Operation ‘Buffalo,’ the present series of atomic tests, was exploded successfully at 17.00 hours Australian Central Standard Time, on September 27.
1964 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 279 520 9.40 p.m. Australian Central Standard Time.
2009 Illawarra (Austral.) Mercury (Nexis) 4 Sept. 43 South Australia remains half an hour behind throughout the year due to the observance of Australian Central Standard Time.
Draft additions June 2016
Australian Central Time n. = Australian Central Standard Time n. at Additions.See also central standard time n. (b) at central adj. Compounds, Eastern Standard Time n. (b) at eastern adj. and n. Compounds 1.
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1953 Manch. Guardian 27 Oct. 1/4 The second major explosion..had been made successfully at 9 30 p.m. Greenwich Mean Time (7 a.m. Tuesday, Australian Central Time).
2007 Centralian Advocate (Austral.) (Nexis) 15 May 15 The news, hosted by Samantha Armitage, will be available on the website's video player from about 4pm Australian Central time, Monday to Friday.
Draft additions June 2016
Australian Western Standard Time n. the standard time in Western Australia, eight hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time; abbreviated AWST.See also central standard time n. (b) at central adj. Compounds, Eastern Standard Time n. (b) at eastern adj. and n. Compounds 1.
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1990 Oecologia 82 115/2 Leaves were sampled daily at midday (1100 to 1300 h Australian Western Standard Time).
2009 Kalgoorlie (Austral.) Miner (Nexis) 21 July 11 Neil Armstrong stepped onto the Moon's surface at 10.55am on Monday, July 21, 1969 Australian Western Standard Time.
Draft additions June 2017
Australian formation n. Tennis a formation in doubles matches in which both the server and partner stand on the same side of the court at the start of the point, with the partner typically taking a position directly in front of the server, close to the net and the centre service line; (also) = I-formation n. (b) at I n.1 Additions.In quot. 1915 denoting a formation of this type adopted for receiving serve.
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1915 Boston Sunday Globe 15 Aug. 48/4 In the English and Australian formation,..the half-volley is of much value.
1987 Times of India 21 Dec. 13/3 We tried to confuse them and put them off their stride by playing the Australian formation.
2007 R. Antoun Women's Tennis Tactics i. 15 The Australian formation is used when trying to neutralise an extreme threat from a cross-court return.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.adj.1693