marchionessn.

Brit.

/mɑːʃəˈnɛs/, U.S.

/ˈmɑrʃənəs/

Forms: 1500s–1600s marchionesse, 1600s marchionisse, 1600s marquionesse, 1600s– marchioness.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin marchionissa.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin marchionissa wife of a margrave (967; 1159 in a British source), marchioness (1080) < marchion- , marchio marchion n. + -issa -ess suffix¹. Compare earlier marquisess n. and marquis n.¹ N.E.D. (1905) gives the pronunciation as (mā·ɹʃənės) /ˈmɑːʃənᵻs/.

a. The wife or widow of a marquess; a woman holding the rank of marquess in her own right. Also used to render etymologically similar titles of female nobility in other European languages (cf. marchesa n., marquesa n., marquise n.).

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > marquis or marchioness > [noun] > marchioness

marquisessc1395

marquis1504

marchioness1570

1533 in T. Rymer Fœdera (1712) XIV. 477/1 Cum..Domina Anna, tunc Marchionissa Penbrochiæ, nunc vero Regina.]

1570 Bk. Precedence (Harl. 1440) in F. J. Furnivall Queene Elizabethes Achademy (1869) 14 Item, a dukes daughter is borne a Marchionesse.

1570 Bk. Precedence (Harl. 1440) in F. J. Furnivall Queene Elizabethes Achademy (1869) 15 A Marquesse must goe after his Creation.., and the Marchionesse his wife according to the same.

1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. 934/2 The marchionesse of Dorset gaue three gilt bolles.

1615 Thomas's Dict. (ed. 10) Præses limitaneus, a marques, or marquionesse.

1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII ii. iii. 63 The Kings Maiesty..Doe's purpose honour to you no lesse flowing, Then Marchionesse of Pembrooke.

a1637 B. Jonson Under-woods lxxxiii. 19 in Wks. (1640) III Shee was the Lady Jane, and Marchionisse Of Winchester; the Heralds can tell this.

a1640 T. Risdon Chorogr. Surv. Devon (1811) (modernized text) §312 324 The lady marchioness of Winton.

1682 London Mercury 6 Apr. 1/2 The Marquis and Marchioness of Auguitar..have..embraced the Romish Religion.

1714 T. Lucas Mem. Most Famous Gamesters & Sharpers (ed. 2) 193 A Marchioness in Naples..kept him as her stallion.

1759 A. Butler Lives Saints IV. 204 The marchioness of Pliego having sent him a present of a pair of warm stockings [etc.].

1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho IV. iv. 61 Every object, on which her eye fixed, seemed to speak of the Marchioness.

1829 E. Bulwer-Lytton Disowned II. xvi. 188 His day with the beautiful marchioness was over.

1877 L. W. M. Lockhart Mine is Thine iv The money went to the marchioness..who may have fed the hungry..with the lire of the angry man.

1883 Encycl. Brit. XV. 565/1 His [sc. a marquis's] wife, who also is ‘most honourable’, is a marchioness, and is styled ‘my lady marchioness’.

1905 Baroness Orczy Scarlet Pimpernel i. 3 As often as not the fugitive would prove to be a woman, some proud marchioness..who..knew that a summary trial would await her..and after that, the fond embrace of Madame la Guillotine.

1925 F. S. Fitzgerald Let. c30 Nov. (1964) 295 We went on some wild parties in London with a certain Marchioness of Milford Haven.

1982 F. Raphael Byron (1988) 10 In 1778 he made a notable conquest in London society: the clever and bold Marchioness of Carmarthen.

†b. humorous. [Originally with allusion to quot. 1841.] A female servant; a maid-of-all-work. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > service > servant > personal or domestic servant > domestic servant > [noun] > maid or housemaid > maid-of-all-work

general servant1725

servant of all work1754

maid-of-all-work1801

slavey1821

universal maid1840

marchioness1883

skivvy1902

1841 C. Dickens Old Curiosity Shop ii. lvii. 120 ‘To make it seem more real and pleasant, I shall call you the Marchioness, do you hear?’ The small servant nodded.]

1883 G. A. Sala in Illustr. London News 24 Nov. 499/1 A little bit of a maid-of-all-work... This ‘Marchioness’..has..been the object of the most astounding ‘manifestations’.

1885 ‘J. S. Winter’ Bootles' Baby ii. 36 To develop into the unnaturally widened and unkempt hand of a ‘Marchioness’.

†2. A variety of dessert pear with a yellow skin and delicate flavour. Cf. marquis n.¹ 4a, marquise n. 2. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > pear > other types of

calewey1377

honey peara1400

pome-pear1440

pome-wardena1513

choke-pear1530

muscadel1555

worry pear1562

lording1573

bon-chrétienc1575

Burgundian pear1578

king pear1585

pound pear1585

poppering1597

wood of Jerusalem1597

muscadine1598

amiot1600

bergamot1600

butter pear1600

dew-pear1600

greening1600

mollart1600

roset1600

wax pear1600

bottle pear1601

gourd-pear1601

Venerian pear1601

musk pear1611

rose pear1611

pusill1615

Christian1629

nutmeg1629

rolling pear1629

surreine1629

sweater1629

amber pear1638

Venus-pear1648

horse-pear1657

Martin1658

russet1658

rousselet1660

diego1664

frith-pear1664

maudlin1664

Messire Jean1664

primate1664

sovereign1664

spindle-pear1664

stopple-pear1664

sugar-pear1664

virgin1664

Windsor pear1664

violet-pear1666

nonsuch1674

muscat1675

burnt-cat1676

squash pear1676

rose1678

Longueville1681

maiden-heart1685

ambrette1686

vermilion1691

admiral1693

sanguinole1693

satin1693

St. Germain pear1693

pounder pear1697

vine-pear1704

amadot1706

marchioness1706

marquise1706

Margaret1707

short-neck1707

musk1708

burree1719

marquis1728

union pear1728

Doyenne pear1731

Magdalene1731

beurré1736

colmar1736

Monsieur Jean1736

muscadella1736

swan's egg1736

chaumontel1755

St Michael's pear1796

Williams1807

Marie Louise1817

seckel1817

Bartlett1828

vergaloo1828

Passe Colmar1837

glou-morceau1859

London sugar1860

snow-pear1860

Comice1866

Kieffer pear1880

sand pear1880

sandy pear1884

snowy pear1884

1706 G. London & H. Wise Retir'd Gard'ner I. i. 32 The Marchioness... 'Tis very butterish, and of a sweet Muskish Juice.

1824 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Gardening (ed. 2) 705 (table) Marchioness.

1875 R. Hogg Fruit Man. (ed. 4) 479 Marquise (Marquise d'Hiver; Marquis Pear; Marchioness)... A dessert pear; ripe in November and December... This was a great favourite in the last century.

3. A size of roofing slate measuring 22 by 11 inches (approx. 55.9 by 27.9 cm), or 20 by 12 (approx. 50.8 by 30.5 cm).

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > stone or rock > [noun] > building stone > stone of the nature of slate > for roofing > piece of > having definite dimensions

countess1803

lady1803

imperial1813

queen1819

duchess1823

princess1834

size-slate1865

marchioness1878

viscountess1878

bachelor1898

muffity1914

1878 D. C. Davies Slate 136 Princesses..Duchesses..Marchionesses..Countesses.

2003 www.btinternet.com 23 July (O.E.D. Archive) Marchioness..22 x 11..[Cost per slate] £1.10.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	marchioness
释义	marchionessn. Brit. /mɑːʃəˈnɛs/, U.S. /ˈmɑrʃənəs/ Forms: 1500s–1600s marchionesse, 1600s marchionisse, 1600s marquionesse, 1600s– marchioness. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin marchionissa. Etymology: < post-classical Latin marchionissa wife of a margrave (967; 1159 in a British source), marchioness (1080) < marchion- , marchio marchion n. + -issa -ess suffix¹. Compare earlier marquisess n. and marquis n.¹ N.E.D. (1905) gives the pronunciation as (mā·ɹʃənės) /ˈmɑːʃənᵻs/. 1. a. The wife or widow of a marquess; a woman holding the rank of marquess in her own right. Also used to render etymologically similar titles of female nobility in other European languages (cf. marchesa n., marquesa n., marquise n.). ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > marquis or marchioness > [noun] > marchioness marquisessc1395 marquis1504 marchioness1570 1533 in T. Rymer Fœdera (1712) XIV. 477/1 Cum..Domina Anna, tunc Marchionissa Penbrochiæ, nunc vero Regina.] 1570 Bk. Precedence (Harl. 1440) in F. J. Furnivall Queene Elizabethes Achademy (1869) 14 Item, a dukes daughter is borne a Marchionesse. 1570 Bk. Precedence (Harl. 1440) in F. J. Furnivall Queene Elizabethes Achademy (1869) 15 A Marquesse must goe after his Creation.., and the Marchionesse his wife according to the same. 1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. 934/2 The marchionesse of Dorset gaue three gilt bolles. 1615 Thomas's Dict. (ed. 10) Præses limitaneus, a marques, or marquionesse. 1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII ii. iii. 63 The Kings Maiesty..Doe's purpose honour to you no lesse flowing, Then Marchionesse of Pembrooke. View more context for this quotation a1637 B. Jonson Under-woods lxxxiii. 19 in Wks. (1640) III Shee was the Lady Jane, and Marchionisse Of Winchester; the Heralds can tell this. a1640 T. Risdon Chorogr. Surv. Devon (1811) (modernized text) §312 324 The lady marchioness of Winton. 1682 London Mercury 6 Apr. 1/2 The Marquis and Marchioness of Auguitar..have..embraced the Romish Religion. 1714 T. Lucas Mem. Most Famous Gamesters & Sharpers (ed. 2) 193 A Marchioness in Naples..kept him as her stallion. 1759 A. Butler Lives Saints IV. 204 The marchioness of Pliego having sent him a present of a pair of warm stockings [etc.]. 1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho IV. iv. 61 Every object, on which her eye fixed, seemed to speak of the Marchioness. 1829 E. Bulwer-Lytton Disowned II. xvi. 188 His day with the beautiful marchioness was over. 1877 L. W. M. Lockhart Mine is Thine iv The money went to the marchioness..who may have fed the hungry..with the lire of the angry man. 1883 Encycl. Brit. XV. 565/1 His [sc. a marquis's] wife, who also is ‘most honourable’, is a marchioness, and is styled ‘my lady marchioness’. 1905 Baroness Orczy Scarlet Pimpernel i. 3 As often as not the fugitive would prove to be a woman, some proud marchioness..who..knew that a summary trial would await her..and after that, the fond embrace of Madame la Guillotine. 1925 F. S. Fitzgerald Let. c30 Nov. (1964) 295 We went on some wild parties in London with a certain Marchioness of Milford Haven. 1982 F. Raphael Byron (1988) 10 In 1778 he made a notable conquest in London society: the clever and bold Marchioness of Carmarthen. †b. humorous. [Originally with allusion to quot. 1841.] A female servant; a maid-of-all-work. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > service > servant > personal or domestic servant > domestic servant > [noun] > maid or housemaid > maid-of-all-work general servant1725 servant of all work1754 maid-of-all-work1801 slavey1821 universal maid1840 marchioness1883 skivvy1902 1841 C. Dickens Old Curiosity Shop ii. lvii. 120 ‘To make it seem more real and pleasant, I shall call you the Marchioness, do you hear?’ The small servant nodded.] 1883 G. A. Sala in Illustr. London News 24 Nov. 499/1 A little bit of a maid-of-all-work... This ‘Marchioness’..has..been the object of the most astounding ‘manifestations’. 1885 ‘J. S. Winter’ Bootles' Baby ii. 36 To develop into the unnaturally widened and unkempt hand of a ‘Marchioness’. †2. A variety of dessert pear with a yellow skin and delicate flavour. Cf. marquis n.¹ 4a, marquise n. 2. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > pear > other types of calewey1377 honey peara1400 pome-pear1440 pome-wardena1513 choke-pear1530 muscadel1555 worry pear1562 lording1573 bon-chrétienc1575 Burgundian pear1578 king pear1585 pound pear1585 poppering1597 wood of Jerusalem1597 muscadine1598 amiot1600 bergamot1600 butter pear1600 dew-pear1600 greening1600 mollart1600 roset1600 wax pear1600 bottle pear1601 gourd-pear1601 Venerian pear1601 musk pear1611 rose pear1611 pusill1615 Christian1629 nutmeg1629 rolling pear1629 surreine1629 sweater1629 amber pear1638 Venus-pear1648 horse-pear1657 Martin1658 russet1658 rousselet1660 diego1664 frith-pear1664 maudlin1664 Messire Jean1664 primate1664 sovereign1664 spindle-pear1664 stopple-pear1664 sugar-pear1664 virgin1664 Windsor pear1664 violet-pear1666 nonsuch1674 muscat1675 burnt-cat1676 squash pear1676 rose1678 Longueville1681 maiden-heart1685 ambrette1686 vermilion1691 admiral1693 sanguinole1693 satin1693 St. Germain pear1693 pounder pear1697 vine-pear1704 amadot1706 marchioness1706 marquise1706 Margaret1707 short-neck1707 musk1708 burree1719 marquis1728 union pear1728 Doyenne pear1731 Magdalene1731 beurré1736 colmar1736 Monsieur Jean1736 muscadella1736 swan's egg1736 chaumontel1755 St Michael's pear1796 Williams1807 Marie Louise1817 seckel1817 Bartlett1828 vergaloo1828 Passe Colmar1837 glou-morceau1859 London sugar1860 snow-pear1860 Comice1866 Kieffer pear1880 sand pear1880 sandy pear1884 snowy pear1884 1706 G. London & H. Wise Retir'd Gard'ner I. i. 32 The Marchioness... 'Tis very butterish, and of a sweet Muskish Juice. 1824 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Gardening (ed. 2) 705 (table) Marchioness. 1875 R. Hogg Fruit Man. (ed. 4) 479 Marquise (Marquise d'Hiver; Marquis Pear; Marchioness)... A dessert pear; ripe in November and December... This was a great favourite in the last century. 3. A size of roofing slate measuring 22 by 11 inches (approx. 55.9 by 27.9 cm), or 20 by 12 (approx. 50.8 by 30.5 cm). ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > stone or rock > [noun] > building stone > stone of the nature of slate > for roofing > piece of > having definite dimensions countess1803 lady1803 imperial1813 queen1819 duchess1823 princess1834 size-slate1865 marchioness1878 viscountess1878 bachelor1898 muffity1914 1878 D. C. Davies Slate 136 Princesses..Duchesses..Marchionesses..Countesses. 2003 www.btinternet.com 23 July (O.E.D. Archive) Marchioness..22 x 11..[Cost per slate] £1.10. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1570
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