† manslaughtn.

Forms:

α. Old English mansleht, Old English mansliht, Old English manslyht, Old English monslyht, Old English–early Middle English monsliht, early Middle English manschlecht, early Middle English manslecht, early Middle English monsleht, early Middle English monsleiht, Middle English mansleȝþe.

β. Old English manslæht, early Middle English mansleaht, early Middle English monslachd, early Middle English mon-slæht, early Middle English monslaht, early Middle English monsladth (transmission error), Middle English mannes slauȝth, Middle English mannisslaute, Middle English mannys-slawth, Middle English manslagt, Middle English manslaȝt, Middle English manslaȝte, Middle English manslaȝþe, Middle English manslaugt, Middle English manslauȝt, Middle English manslauht, Middle English manslaute, Middle English manslawte, Middle English mensclaȝt, Middle English menslauȝt, Middle English monslauȝt, Middle English monslauht, late Middle English mansclawth, late Middle English manslaught, late Middle English manslaughte, late Middle English manslauth, late Middle English manslawt, late Middle English manslawth, late Middle English manslawtte, late Middle English monslaght, late Middle English monslaghte, late Middle English monslaȝt.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Cognate with Old Frisian mannslachta , monnslachta (West Frisian manslach ), Middle Dutch manslacht (Dutch manslacht ), Old Saxon manslahta , Old High German manslahta , manslaht (Middle High German manslaht , German Mannschlacht ) < the Germanic base of man n.¹ + the Germanic base of slaught n.The α. forms (very common in Old English) show i-mutation, either by regular development of an i-stem form (unlike the West Germanic cognates, but compare sleight n.²) or by analogy with i-mutated sleight n.² The unmutated β. forms become common only in Middle English, perhaps under the influence of early Scandinavian (compare Old Icelandic sláttr smiting, mowing: see slaught n.) and of slay v.¹ In the language of the Caligula manuscript of Laȝamon's Brut, in which both mutated and unmutated forms of slaught are found, ambiguous use of the graphs <æ>, <e>, and <ea> makes it impossible to ascertain whether forms such as mon-slæht (quot. c1275 at sense 1α. in the β quots.) represent i-mutated forms ( < Old English (Anglian) mansleht ) or unmutated smoothed forms ( < Old English (Anglian) manslæht ). The form mansleaht (quot. c1300 at sense 1β. in the β quots.) in the Otho manuscript of Laȝamon's Brut appears to represent an unmutated unsmoothed form. In sense 2 perhaps influenced by manslaghe n.

Obsolete.

1. The action or an act of killing another human being; spec. (a) manslaughter, homicide, murder; (b) the slaying of an enemy in battle.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > killing > man-killing or homicide > [noun]

manslaughteOE

quellingc1325

manslayingc1384

homicidec1386

homicidyc1386

manslaughterc1390

manquelling1395

murder1488

man-killing1880

trunk murder1905

α.

eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Tiber.) (Junius transcript) (1871) xxi. 166 Se to anra ðara burga geflihð, ðonne mæg he beon orsorg ðæs monslihtes.

OE Laws of Æðelred II (Nero) v. xxv. 242 Deoflice dæda on morðweorcan & on manslihtan, on stalan & on strudungan.

OE West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xv. 19 Of þære heortan cumaþ yfle geþancas, mannslyhtas, unrihthæmedu, forligru, stale, [etc.].

lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 1104 Full hergung þurh his hired uppon his wreccea folc wæs, & þær on mang for oft bærneta, & man slihtas.

a1225 ( Ælfric's Homily De Duodecim Abusivis (Lamb. 487) in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 103 Ira..macað monslehtas.

c1275 Kentish Serm. in J. Hall Select. Early Middle Eng. (1920) I. 217 Lecherie, spusbreche, Roberie, Manslechtes.

c1350 (a1333) William of Shoreham Poems (1902) 94 Ȝef þer hys mansleȝþe pur.

β. OE Form of Confession (Lamb. 427) in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1914) 132 330 Per sacrilegium & homicidium : þurh æbrecðe & þurh manslæht.OE Homily (Hatton 115) in D. G. Scragg Vercelli Homilies & Related Texts (1992) 159 Scyldaþ eow wið þa uncysta þara eahta heafodleahtra, þæt is oformodnes & manslæhtas & mæne aðas, unrihthæmed, morðor & gitsunga, [etc.].c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 109 Nis þis strong monslaht of galnesse awakenet?c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 13889 Muchel mon-slæht wes þere.c1300 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Otho) 13891 Of alle þan hundredes þat to-hewe were in þan mochele þringe of þan man-sleahte.c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 8125 (MED) Muche was þe manslaȝt þat þere was ido.a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1874) V. 309 (MED) In þat stryf were meny menslauȝtes in þe citee.a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iii. 2544 Now mai men se moerdre and manslawte.c1426 J. Audelay Poems (1931) 2 Monslaȝt with a rewful steuen, Hit askys vengans.1462 M. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 279 I herd nevyr sey of so myche robry and manslawt in thys contre as is now wyth-in a lytyll tyme.1469–70 in Hist. MSS Comm.: 10th Rep.: App. Pt. V: MSS Marquis of Ormonde &c. (1885) 307 in Parl. Papers (C. 4576-I) XLII. 1 If ony man..make ony affray, manslaught [emended in ed. to manslaughter], othre kyllyng, by his owne foly and not in defennce.?a1475 Ludus Coventriae (1922) 290 (MED) Delyvere us þe þeff barabas þat for mansclawth presonde was.a1500 (c1410) Dives & Pauper (Hunterian) (1976) i. 252 (MED) Þe cause of manslaute & of euery opyn synne touchinge manys doom most ben termynd be an oth.

2. A murderer.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > killing > man-killer or homicide > [noun] > murderer or assassin

banea800

murthereOE

quellerOE

manslaughta1225

manquellec1275

murderer1340

Cainc1380

drepera1400

sicariana1400

murder mana1450

interfector1450

murdrier1481

murdresara1500

assassin1531

cut-throat1535

cutter1569

baner1605

brave1606

bravo1609

dagger-mana1616

assassinate1621

assassinator1651

sword-taker1660

assassinant1662

banesman1870

hatchet man1876

murdermonger1900

hit-man1970

mechanic1972

contract killer1980

a1225 MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 57 (MED) Ne beo þu nawit monslaht.

?c1335 in W. Heuser Kildare-Gedichte (1904) 116 Manslaȝt þou ne be.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 171 Me ssel grede to god merci ase his þyef, ase his manslaȝþe.

c1350 (a1333) William of Shoreham Poems (1902) 94 Manye suche mansleȝþen beþ.

c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) 4498 Marcure was manslaȝt.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2000; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	manslaught
释义	† manslaughtn. Forms: α. Old English mansleht, Old English mansliht, Old English manslyht, Old English monslyht, Old English–early Middle English monsliht, early Middle English manschlecht, early Middle English manslecht, early Middle English monsleht, early Middle English monsleiht, Middle English mansleȝþe. β. Old English manslæht, early Middle English mansleaht, early Middle English monslachd, early Middle English mon-slæht, early Middle English monslaht, early Middle English monsladth (transmission error), Middle English mannes slauȝth, Middle English mannisslaute, Middle English mannys-slawth, Middle English manslagt, Middle English manslaȝt, Middle English manslaȝte, Middle English manslaȝþe, Middle English manslaugt, Middle English manslauȝt, Middle English manslauht, Middle English manslaute, Middle English manslawte, Middle English mensclaȝt, Middle English menslauȝt, Middle English monslauȝt, Middle English monslauht, late Middle English mansclawth, late Middle English manslaught, late Middle English manslaughte, late Middle English manslauth, late Middle English manslawt, late Middle English manslawth, late Middle English manslawtte, late Middle English monslaght, late Middle English monslaghte, late Middle English monslaȝt. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with Old Frisian mannslachta , monnslachta (West Frisian manslach ), Middle Dutch manslacht (Dutch manslacht ), Old Saxon manslahta , Old High German manslahta , manslaht (Middle High German manslaht , German Mannschlacht ) < the Germanic base of man n.¹ + the Germanic base of slaught n.The α. forms (very common in Old English) show i-mutation, either by regular development of an i-stem form (unlike the West Germanic cognates, but compare sleight n.²) or by analogy with i-mutated sleight n.² The unmutated β. forms become common only in Middle English, perhaps under the influence of early Scandinavian (compare Old Icelandic sláttr smiting, mowing: see slaught n.) and of slay v.¹ In the language of the Caligula manuscript of Laȝamon's Brut, in which both mutated and unmutated forms of slaught are found, ambiguous use of the graphs <æ>, <e>, and <ea> makes it impossible to ascertain whether forms such as mon-slæht (quot. c1275 at sense 1α. in the β quots.) represent i-mutated forms ( < Old English (Anglian) mansleht ) or unmutated smoothed forms ( < Old English (Anglian) manslæht ). The form mansleaht (quot. c1300 at sense 1β. in the β quots.) in the Otho manuscript of Laȝamon's Brut appears to represent an unmutated unsmoothed form. In sense 2 perhaps influenced by manslaghe n. Obsolete. 1. The action or an act of killing another human being; spec. (a) manslaughter, homicide, murder; (b) the slaying of an enemy in battle. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > killing > man-killing or homicide > [noun] manslaughteOE quellingc1325 manslayingc1384 homicidec1386 homicidyc1386 manslaughterc1390 manquelling1395 murder1488 man-killing1880 trunk murder1905 α. eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Tiber.) (Junius transcript) (1871) xxi. 166 Se to anra ðara burga geflihð, ðonne mæg he beon orsorg ðæs monslihtes. OE Laws of Æðelred II (Nero) v. xxv. 242 Deoflice dæda on morðweorcan & on manslihtan, on stalan & on strudungan. OE West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xv. 19 Of þære heortan cumaþ yfle geþancas, mannslyhtas, unrihthæmedu, forligru, stale, [etc.]. lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 1104 Full hergung þurh his hired uppon his wreccea folc wæs, & þær on mang for oft bærneta, & man slihtas. a1225 ( Ælfric's Homily De Duodecim Abusivis (Lamb. 487) in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 103 Ira..macað monslehtas. c1275 Kentish Serm. in J. Hall Select. Early Middle Eng. (1920) I. 217 Lecherie, spusbreche, Roberie, Manslechtes. c1350 (a1333) William of Shoreham Poems (1902) 94 Ȝef þer hys mansleȝþe pur. β. OE Form of Confession (Lamb. 427) in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1914) 132 330 Per sacrilegium & homicidium : þurh æbrecðe & þurh manslæht.OE Homily (Hatton 115) in D. G. Scragg Vercelli Homilies & Related Texts (1992) 159 Scyldaþ eow wið þa uncysta þara eahta heafodleahtra, þæt is oformodnes & manslæhtas & mæne aðas, unrihthæmed, morðor & gitsunga, [etc.].c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 109 Nis þis strong monslaht of galnesse awakenet?c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 13889 Muchel mon-slæht wes þere.c1300 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Otho) 13891 Of alle þan hundredes þat to-hewe were in þan mochele þringe of þan man-sleahte.c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 8125 (MED) Muche was þe manslaȝt þat þere was ido.a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1874) V. 309 (MED) In þat stryf were meny menslauȝtes in þe citee.a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iii. 2544 Now mai men se moerdre and manslawte.c1426 J. Audelay Poems (1931) 2 Monslaȝt with a rewful steuen, Hit askys vengans.1462 M. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 279 I herd nevyr sey of so myche robry and manslawt in thys contre as is now wyth-in a lytyll tyme.1469–70 in Hist. MSS Comm.: 10th Rep.: App. Pt. V: MSS Marquis of Ormonde &c. (1885) 307 in Parl. Papers (C. 4576-I) XLII. 1 If ony man..make ony affray, manslaught [emended in ed. to manslaughter], othre kyllyng, by his owne foly and not in defennce.?a1475 Ludus Coventriae (1922) 290 (MED) Delyvere us þe þeff barabas þat for mansclawth presonde was.a1500 (c1410) Dives & Pauper (Hunterian) (1976) i. 252 (MED) Þe cause of manslaute & of euery opyn synne touchinge manys doom most ben termynd be an oth. 2. A murderer. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > killing > man-killer or homicide > [noun] > murderer or assassin banea800 murthereOE quellerOE manslaughta1225 manquellec1275 murderer1340 Cainc1380 drepera1400 sicariana1400 murder mana1450 interfector1450 murdrier1481 murdresara1500 assassin1531 cut-throat1535 cutter1569 baner1605 brave1606 bravo1609 dagger-mana1616 assassinate1621 assassinator1651 sword-taker1660 assassinant1662 banesman1870 hatchet man1876 murdermonger1900 hit-man1970 mechanic1972 contract killer1980 a1225 MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 57 (MED) Ne beo þu nawit monslaht. ?c1335 in W. Heuser Kildare-Gedichte (1904) 116 Manslaȝt þou ne be. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 171 Me ssel grede to god merci ase his þyef, ase his manslaȝþe. c1350 (a1333) William of Shoreham Poems (1902) 94 Manye suche mansleȝþen beþ. c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) 4498 Marcure was manslaȝt. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2000; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.eOE
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