maidn.¹

Brit.

/meɪd/, U.S.

/meɪd/

Forms: early Middle English mæide, early Middle English mede, Middle English maud, Middle English meide, Middle English mey (transmission error), Middle English–1500s meyde, Middle English–1600s made, Middle English–1600s maide, Middle English–1600s mayd, Middle English–1600s mayde, Middle English– maid, 1500s mayed, 1700s–1800s mide (Irish English), 1800s mydhe (Irish English); Scottish pre-1700 mad, pre-1700 maede, pre-1700 maide, pre-1700 mayd, pre-1700 mayde, pre-1700 1700s– maid.

Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: maiden n.

Etymology: < maiden n., with loss of -n (see below).A number of Old English words ending in -en show loss of final -n in southern texts early in the Middle English period. In the cases of clew n. and game n., the original form was eventually entirely replaced by that without -n , but maid , like eve n.² and morrow n., came to exist as a doublet alongside the -n form. The process is perhaps simply phonetic and part of a more general loss of -n after an unstressed vowel (see N n.), although it is perhaps notable that nouns in -en do not participate in the similar loss of final -n after an unstressed vowel which is typical of Northumbrian texts in Old English (perhaps owing to some degree of retention of length or secondary stress in the final syllable). It is probable that the Middle English developments in these words are motivated at least in part by analogy with contemporary developments in noun inflections, with invariable -e in the singular and -en in the plural in all grammatical cases becoming a frequent noun paradigm, especially for historically strong feminine and weak nouns (maiden is historically strong neuter). Throughout the Middle English period maid appears to exist only in the singular: in early Middle English plural forms in -en occur only very rarely, and could be regarded as unmarked plural forms of maiden n., while the plural forms in -es or -s which would ordinarily be expected in later Middle English are in fact found rarely if at all before the mid 16th cent. (except in Scottish writers, where there are examples from at least the beginning of the 16th cent.), suggesting that the development of maid as a full lexical doublet of maiden , as opposed to a morphological variant of the singular of the latter noun, was only very gradual. After the loss of -n , the early spellings of maid with final -e represent a disyllabic pronunciation, which, at least for metrical convenience, remained a possibility throughout Middle English into the 15th cent., as is indicated by quots. c1330 at sense 2a, a1393 at sense 3a, and c1450 for maid face n. at Compounds 1a. Both maid and maiden , from the earliest records onwards, seem to have had the competing senses of ‘young female’ and ‘virgin (of any age)’. Because of this ambiguity, they have tended to be replaced in the sense ‘young female’ by words such as girl and periphrastic uses such as young lady and young woman . Consequently, both words have generally been more commonly used in the sense of ‘virgin’: maid now principally in the compound old maid n., maiden in a large number of compound and adjectival uses. A third major sense ‘servant’ was also taken over from maiden by maid , in which it has had greater currency, partly perhaps because of the large number of compounds such as chambermaid n., housemaid n., and nursemaid n. Except in this specific sense, maid has never developed the variety of adjectival and compound uses found for maiden , even though the use of the uncompounded words shows an almost complete semantic overlap in the early period (see below). The word is attested earlier in surnames and place names from the late 12th cent.: see Middle Eng. Dict., s.v. maid(e n. and adj. The word is not identical with Old English mægeð (cognate with German Magd ): see maiden n.

I. Senses referring to human beings.

a. A virgin; spec. the Virgin Mary ( †maid Mary); = maiden n. 2a. (Not always distinguishable from senses 2a and 3.) Now archaic and regional.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > virginity > [noun] > a virgin

maidenmaneOE

maidenOE

maida1225

virgina1393

vestal1593

virgo intacta1726

fresh meat1896

virguncule1911

cherry1928

virgie1930

the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > Mary > [noun]

ladyOE

queenOE

MaryOE

St MaryOE

starOE

Our LadylOE

lemana1225

maidena1225

maid Marya1225

heaven queenc1225

mothera1275

maiden Maryc1300

Star of the Seac1300

advocatrixc1390

mother-maidc1390

flower, gem, etc., of virginitya1393

the Virgina1393

mediatricea1400

paramoura1400

salver14..

advocatrice?a1430

Mother of God?a1430

way of indulgence?a1430

advocatessc1450

mother-maidenc1450

rose of Jerichoa1456

mediatrixc1475

viergec1475

addresseressa1492

fleur-de-lis?a1513

rosine?a1513

salvatrice?a1513

saviouress1563

mediatressa1602

advocatress1616

Christotokos1625

Deipara1664

V.M.1670

Madonnaa1684

the Virgin Mother1720

Panagia1776

Mater Dolorosa1800

B.V.M.1838

dispensatrixa1864

Theotokos1874

dispensatress1896

a1225 ( Ælfric's Homily De Initio Creaturae (Vesp. A.xxii) in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 227 To ane mede [OE Royal mædene] þe was Maria ȝehaten.

a1225 MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 77 Þet halie meide [sc. Mary].

a1300 Passion our Lord 597 in R. Morris Old Eng. Misc. (1872) 54 Vre louerd ihesu crist þe wes ibore of þe meyde.

c1300 St. Matthew (Laud) 57 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 79 I-bore of mayde marie.

c1330 (?c1300) Bevis of Hampton (Auch.) 2197 Þat i ne toke neuer wif Boute ȝhe were maide clene.

c1385 G. Chaucer Knight's Tale 2330 Thow art mayde and kepere of vs alle..And whil I lyue a mayde I wol thee serue.

?a1430 T. Hoccleve Mother of God l. 11 in Minor Poems (1970) i. 52 Humble lady, mayde, modir and wyf!

1480 Table Prouffytable Lernynge (Caxton) (1964) 45 Who serueth our lord, And the mayde marye.

a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 262 Thow..Gabriell send with the salutatioun On to the mayd of maist humilite.

1528 J. Skelton Honorificatissimo: Replycacion agaynst Yong Scolers sig. Aiii^v Wotte ye what ye sayed Of Mary, mother and mayed?

1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iv. v. 53 Let in the maide, that out a maide, neuer departed more.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 136 Cydippe with Licorias, one a Maid, And one that once had call'd Lucina's Aid.

a1711 T. Ken Sion ii, in Wks. (1721) IV. 370 The Son ador'd and nurs'd by the sweet Maid, A thousand-fold of Love for Love repaid.

1955 R. S. Thomas Peasant in Song at Year's Turning 85 The tall Cross..Aches for the Body That is back in the cradle Of a maid's arms.

1966 K. F. Otterbein Andros Islanders 42 If you don't get a maid [in marriage] you never know when a man is standing behind a tree laughing to himself because he had her first.

b. A man without experience of sexual intercourse, esp. as a result of abstention. Cf. maiden n. 2b. Now regional.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > virginity > [noun] > a virgin > specifically male

maidena1225

maidc1300

virginc1330

c1300 St. John Evangelist (Laud) 34 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 403 In seint Iohanes warde is swete moder he tok..þare nas non oþur of heom þat clene mayde was.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 230 (MED) Saint Ion þe ewangelist, þet wes mayde, wes amang þe apostles þe meste belouede of oure lhorde.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 365 A preost þat is clene mayde.

a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 11 Abel..a mayde, a martire, killid of his brothir of pure envye.

1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. cxv. [cxi.] 331 He was swete, courtesse, meke, and a mayde of body.

1606 B. Jonson Hymenaei 105 View two Noble Maydes, Of different Sexe, to Vnion sacrifiz'd.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) v. i. 261 You are betroth'd both to a maid and man.

a1641 R. Montagu Acts & Monuments (1642) 542 Joseph was..a maid, never knowing woman, as never being married before.

1710 Brit. Apollo 11–14 Aug. He Dy'd a Maid.

1888 F. T. Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. (at cited word) He was a very quiet fuller—my belief, he lived and died a maid.

c. [After Middle French la Pucelle (see pucelle n.).] the Maid of God (also of Orleans): Joan of Arc. Also simply the Maid and figurative. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > holiness > saint > particular saints > [noun] > Joan of Arc

the Maid of God1548

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. cxiij^v This wytch or manly woman, (called the maide of God) the Frenchemen greatly glorified.

1689 J. Heath Eng. Chron. 152 Joan, called by the French, the Maid of God.

1723 C. MacLaurin Let. 7 Apr. in J. Jurin Corr. (1996) 145 Where 'tis said the famous maid of Orleans was born.

1796 R. Southey Joan of Arc iv. 343 Then the Maid Fix'd on the warrior her reproving eye.

1849 J. Lingard Hist. Eng. (1855) IV. i. 17/2 The maid of Orleans..led the assailants.

1875 J. Gairdner Houses Lancaster & York (ed. 2) vii. 130 Rumours of the..miracles of the Maid were repeated even in the English camp.

1903 S. J. Weyman Long Night xiii. 181 Such a feeling as the rough spearsmen of the Orléannais had for Joan the maid.

1956 A. Wilson Anglo-Saxon Attitudes ii. ii. 342 We can stand with the Maid as she scorns her judges.

1990 R. Blount First Hubby 133 I was..already in love..with a Maid of Orleans whose cause I believed in.

a. A girl; a young (unmarried) woman; = maiden n. 1a. (Not always distinguishable from senses 1a and 3.) Now archaic and regional.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > person > young person > young woman > [noun]

daughterOE

maidenOE

young womanOE

mayc1175

burdc1225

maidc1275

wenchc1290

file1303

virginc1330

girla1375

damselc1380

young ladya1393

jilla1425

juvenclec1430

young person1438

domicellea1464

quean1488

trull1525

pulleta1533

Tib1533

kittyc1560

dell1567

gillian1573

nymph1584

winklota1586

frotion1587

yuffrouw1589

pigeon1592

tit1599

nannicock1600

muggle1608

gixy1611

infanta1611

dilla1627

tittiea1628

whimsy1631

ladykin1632

stammel1639

moggie1648

zitellaa1660

baggagea1668

miss1668

baby1684

burdie1718

demoiselle1720

queanie?1800

intombi1809

muchacha1811

jilt1816

titter1819

ragazza1827

gouge1828

craft1829

meisie1838

sheila1839

sixteenc1840

chica1843

femme1846

muffin1854

gel1857

quail1859

kitten1870

bud1880

fräulein1883

sub-debutante1887

sweet-and-twenty1887

flapper1888

jelly1889

queen1894

chick1899

pusher1902

bit of fluff1903

chicklet1905

twist and twirl1905

twist1906

head1913

sub-deb1916

tabby1916

mouse1917

tittie1918

chickie1919

wren1920

bim1922

nifty1923

quiff1923

wimp1923

bride1924

job1927

junior miss1927

hag1932

tab1932

sort1933

palone1934

brush1941

knitting1943

teenybopper1966

weeny-bopper1972

Valley Girl1982

the world > people > person > child > girl > [noun]

maiden-childeOE

maidenOE

maidc1275

maid-childc1275

wenchc1290

thernec1300

lassc1325

maidenkinc1330

child-womana1382

girlc1400

pucelle1439

maidkin1440

mawther1440

mop1466

woman-child?1515

bonnea1529

urchina1535

kinchin-mort1567

dandiprat1582

prill1587

sluta1592

little girl1603

maggie1603

tendril1603

squall1607

childa1616

filly1616

vriester1652

miss1668

gilpie1720

lassie1725

laddess1768

jeune fillea1777

bitch1785

girly?1786

gal1795

ladyling1807

missikin1815

colleen1828

girleen1833

snowdrop1833

pinafore1836

chica1843

fillette1847

charity-girl1848

urchiness1852

Mädchen1854

gel1857

pusill1884

backfisch1888

girly-girly1888

cliner1895

tittie1918

weeny1929

bobby-soxer1944

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) 256 Þa þis child was feir muche Þa luuede he a maide.

c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 297 (MED) Þis mayde ispoused was, of so heye blode.

c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 2702 Þe maide answerd in lede, ‘Þer of haue þou no care’.

c1450 (?c1408) J. Lydgate Reson & Sensuallyte (1901) 151 Faire..of hewe, As a mayde in hir beaute That shal of newe wedded be.

1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) x. l. 1243 In tym off pes mek as a maid was he.

1546–7 in J. W. Clay Testamenta Eboracensia (1902) VI. 252 Desiringe her to be good ladie to my litle meyde, her god doughter.

1571 E. Grindal Articles §54 Legacies giuen..to other..godly vses as to..poore Maydes marriages.

1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene vi. xii. sig. Kk^v She found..That this young Mayd..Is her owne daughter.

1645 J. Milton On Christ's Nativity: Hymn xxii, in Poems 10 In vain the Tyrian Maids their wounded Thamuz mourn.

a1719 J. Addison Dialogues Medals in Wks. (1721) I. ii. 471 Ye sue the unpropitious maid in vain.

1782 W. Cowper Sweet Stream Sweet stream..Apt emblem of a virtuous maid!

1789 C. Vallancey Vocab. Lang. Forth & Bargie in Trans. Royal Irish Acad. 1788 2 Antiquities 32 Mide, a maid.

1816 S. T. Coleridge Christabel ii. 41 Sweet maid,..Thy sire and I will crush the snake!

1830 Ld. Tennyson National Song in Poems 142 There are no maids like English maids, So beautiful as they be.

1886 R. Kipling Departm. Ditties (1888) 64 ‘By all I am misunderstood!’ if the Matron shall say, or the Maid.

1915 St. Nicholas June 682/2 She shut the garden gate..and went as demurely as a little Quaker maid down the box-bordered path.

1960 J. Barth Sot-weed Factor ii. xii. 233 She was a brown-haired, excellently breasted maid of twenty years or so.

1992 B. Morgan Random Passage vii. 89 His brother has a delicate stomach, ‘Like a young maid, he is b'y, fair upset at the sight of all poor, dead little fish.’

†b. regional. A female infant. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > person > baby or infant > [noun] > baby girl

childa1616

maid1653

baby girl1758

1653 J. Harington Diary 6 July (1977) 81 Sara delivered of a maid and died.

†c. poetic. In personifications. Obsolete (frequently in the 18th cent.).

ΚΠ

1747 W. Collins Odes 46 When Music, Heav'nly Maid, was young.

1753 T. Gray Hymn to Adversity in Six Poems 26 Melancholy, silent maid With leaden eye.

1773 H. More Search after Happiness ii. 144 Hail, artless Simplicity, beautiful maid.

a. A female servant or attendant; a maidservant; often with defining word prefixed as bar-maid, chamber-maid, farm-maid, house-maid, nurse-maid, servant-maid, etc.; lady's maid (see lady's maid n.). Cf. maiden n. 3.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > service > servant > [noun] > woman or girl

maidenOE

schelchenec1000

womanOE

maidc1300

ancillec1366

wench1380

child-womana1382

maidservanta1382

serving-womana1398

servantessa1425

servant maid?a1450

woman servant1450

servitrice1477

administress1483

ministressa1500

serving maid?1529

maiden-servant1533

servitrix1566

miskin-fro1585

servant girl1658

girl1668

necessary womanc1689

scout1708

servitress1827

ancilla1871

c1300 St. Mary Magdalen (Laud) 492 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 476 Heo haueȝ i-beon min hou[s]wif, mi mayde, and mi norice.

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) i. 2573 Sche..goth to chambre and hath compleigned Unto a Maide which sche triste.

1461 in F. B. Bickley Little Red Bk. Bristol (1900) II. 127 No person..sett..his seid wyfe, daughter, or maide to no suche occupacion of weuyng.

a1535 T. More Hist. Richard III in Wks. (1557) 59/1 Y^t it was not princely to mary hys owne subiect,..onely as it were a rich man that would mary his mayde.

1567 Compend. Bk. Godly Songs (rev. ed.) f. 6 Thy nychtbouris wyfe..Thow couet not, to the..his oxe, his maide nor page.

a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1658 (1955) III. 208 He [sc. a child] would..select the most pathetical Psalmes,..to reade to his Mayde, during his sicknesse.

1698 H. Wanley in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eminent Literary Men (1843) 258 The maid told me that Dr. Smith had been there since I went.

1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho II. xii. 466 You must dismiss your maid, lady.

1835 Gentleman's Mag. Nov. 491 We kept no maid:—and I had much to do.

1860 Queen Victoria Jrnl. (1868) 138 The two maids had driven over by another road in the waggonette.

1880 ‘Ouida’ Moths I. 39 My maid must run up something for you to wear by to-morrow.

1927 Travel Nov. 48/1 (advt.) Steward, maid, waiters, porters and barber, attending your needs.

1960 S. Unwin Truth about Publisher i. i. 20 To wait on ourselves at supper..to give the maids a Sunday evening's rest.

1991 San Francisco Chron. 26 July b5/4 She not only left her husband..but she left her cook, and her chauffeur and her maid.

b. maid-of-all-work n. (a) a female servant who does all kinds of housework (now chiefly historical); (b) a person (esp. an official) or a thing (esp. a machine) that performs a variety of tasks.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > service > servant > personal or domestic servant > domestic servant > [noun] > general

house servant1681

maid-of-all-work1801

general1884

society > authority > subjection > service > servant > personal or domestic servant > domestic servant > [noun] > maid or housemaid > maid-of-all-work

general servant1725

servant of all work1754

maid-of-all-work1801

slavey1821

universal maid1840

marchioness1883

skivvy1902

1801 in Catal. Prints: Polit. & Personal Satires (Brit. Mus.) (1947) VIII. 52 The maid of all-work's prayer!!

1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas II. iv. vii. 153 An old abigail, whom I had formerly known as maid of all work to an actress?

1846 Punch 11 206 Maids-of-all-work learning pistol-practice at the shooting galleries.

1848 W. M. Thackeray Sketches & Trav. London in Wks. (1886) XXIV. 350 The red-haired maid-of-all-work coming out with yesterday's paper.

1858 T. H. Huxley in L. Huxley Life & Lett. T. H. Huxley (1900) I. xii. 158 Non-official maid-of-all-work in Natural Science to the Government.

1887 Spectator 16 Apr. 534/2 First she is a maid-of-all-work in the family of a poor clergyman.

1931 A. L. Rowse Politics & Younger Generation 196 If he [sc. the cleric] is to find favour he has to become a kind of maid-of-all-work for the public life of the district.

1962 W. H. Auden Dyer's Hand (1963) 396 It [sc. ottava rima] became a maid-of-all-work stanza.

1982 R. Anderson Poacher's Son (1984) i. 5 My sister was too good to be a maid-of-all-work.

1985 P. Ziegler Mountbatten ii. ix. 124 It was the destroyer, that tough, speedy yet..vulnerable maid-of-all-work, which played the leading part.

4. An unmarried woman, a spinster, esp. one of mature years. †to stand on the maid: (of a woman) to remain single (obsolete). Cf. maiden n. 4. Now only in old maid n.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > unmarried person(s) > unmarried woman > [noun]

maid1603

maiden lady1628

bachelora1637

feme sole1714

spinstress1716

maidena1802

spin1842

sworn virgin1910

1603 T. Dekker 1603: Wonderfull Yeare sig. E1 To dye maydes too! O horrible!

?1614 G. Chapman tr. Homer Odysses vi. 87 Because thou shalt no more stand on the Maid [ἐπεὶ οὔτοι ἔτι δην παρθένος ἔσσεαι].

1648 Parish Reg. St. John Maddermarket, Norwich (MS) A maid almost a hundred yeare old, buried 14 Nov. Anno dni 1648.

1700 J. Dryden tr. G. Boccaccio Sigismonda & Guiscardo in Fables 124 For this, when ripe for Marriage, he delay'd Her nuptial Bands, and kept her long a Maid.

1747 Gen. Advertiser 4 July The Match [at Cricket]..between the Maids of Charlton and the Maids of Singleton..will be play'd in the Artillery-Ground.

1814 W. Scott Waverley I. v. 48 Miss Lucy St. Aubin lived and died a maid for his sake.

1838 T. Carlyle Coll. Lett. (1985) X. 154 A queer broad ancient maid, farmeress who ‘makes draining-tiles’.

1905 in Eng. Dial. Dict. Maid.

5. U.S. In certain American universities: the title of a degree conferred on a woman (the female counterpart of Bachelor). Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > education > educational administration > university administration > taking degree or graduation > [noun] > degree holder

master1380

bachelorc1386

doctorc1400

magister1459

sir1557

Dra1593

doctorate1651

baccalaur1661

baccalaureate1696

formed bachelor1738

middle bachelor1759

Mus.B.1801

PhD1839

diplomate1879

maid1881

Mus. Bac.1889

postdoctoral1962

postdoc1964

B.A.-

B.L.-

1881 Rep. U.S. Commissioner Educ. 1879 608 Degrees conferred in 1879 by universities, colleges..Waco University, Waco, Texas..Includes 6 ‘maid of arts’.

1885 Pall Mall Gaz. 5 Mar. 3/2 The Americans..talk of Miss Bluestocking..as ‘Maid of Philosophy’, ‘Maid of Science’, ‘Maid of Arts’.

1888 J. Bryce Amer. Commonw. III. cii. 445 Mr. D. C. Gilman..mentions the following among the degree titles awarded in some institutions to women..Laureate of Science, Proficient in Music, Maid of Philosophy.

1989 C. R. Wilson & W. Ferris Encycl. Southern Culture 272/2 At first the university's degrees for females..carried the title of ‘maid’.

6. South African (derogatory and offensive). [After Afrikaans meid female servant, black woman < Dutch meid , regional variant of maagd (see maiden n.).] A black woman (of any age, and not necessarily in domestic service).

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > division of mankind by physical characteristics > black person > [noun] > woman

Negrine1703

negress1734

momma1803

auntie1825

aunt1835

sister1879

black velvet1900

soul sister1959

maid1961

1961 T. Matshikiza Chocolates for my Wife 126 They laughed into their big police van... ‘The maid is now called wife, caw, caw.’

1962 L. E. Neame Hist. Apartheid 84 A Non-White person..a ‘maid’, a sub-human, a member of a child race created by a benevolent Deity to serve the material interests of the superior race.

1978 Daily Dispatch (East London, S. Afr.) 24 Nov. 9 Five knife-bearing white vigilantes..jumped out of a car shouting: ‘Leave that hotnot maid.’

1987 O. Prozesky Wrath of Lamb 11 My mother was a teacher once, but all her life she was a ‘girl’ or a ‘maid’.

1988 A. Van Niekerk in Staffrider 7 ii. 39 The resoluteness, the sacrifice and suffering of women, ranged against tyranny of those who call us maids.

1991 in Dict. S. Afr. Eng. on Hist. Princ. (1996) (at cited word) Please get me some tomatoes from the maids outside Checkers.

II. Senses referring to other living creatures or inanimate objects.

†7. Astrology and Astronomy. [After classical Latin Virgō (see virgin n. and adj.).] The zodiacal sign Virgo. Cf. virgin n. 6. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > celestial sphere > zone of celestial sphere > particular signs > [noun] > Virgo

Virgoa1000

maida1387

virgin1493

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1869) II. 207 Ðese beoð ðe names of ðe signes:..ðe Leon, ðe Mayde.

c1400 Treat. Astron. (Bodl. Add. B. 17) f. 4 Virgo..regneð in August & is cleped ðe signe of a mayde.

1565 B. Googe tr. ‘M. Palingenius’ Zodiake of Life (new ed.) xi. sig. QQ.j The names of these celestiall sygnes I wyll disclose in verse. These are the Ram, the Bull,..The Maide.

8. Any of several fishes; spec. (a) a young skate, Raja batis; (b) a young thornback ray, Raja clavata; (c) a twaite shad, Alosa fallax.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > subclass Elasmobranchii > order Hypotremata > [noun] > family Rajidae > member of genus Raia (skate)

skatec1340

flathec1440

maid1569

maid-fish1665

flair1668

maiden-skatea1795

skate maid1836

tinker1836

flapper-skate1839

roker1860

rajoid1890

the world > animals > fish > subclass Elasmobranchii > order Hypotremata > [noun] > family Rajidae > raia clavata (thornback)

thornbackc1300

maid1569

fork-fish1601

rock ray1611

maid-fish1665

thorn-but1668

thorny-back1811

roker1860

thornback ray1862

the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > subclass Actinopterygii > order Clupeiformes > [noun] > family Clupeidae and herrings > member of genus Alosa (shad) > alosa finta (twait shad)

maid1569

twaita1609

maid-fish1665

May fish1836

1569 Chamberlains' Accts. in J. Webb Town Finances Elizabethan Ipswich (1996) 93 For oysters, soles, plaice, quodinges, maydes and buttes vs. vd.

1579 J. Jones Arte preseruing Bodie & Soule i. xiv. 26 Of fishes,..Whiting, Smelt, Maids, Loch, Sammon.

1598 tr. G. de Rosselli Epulario sig. F iiij Take out the guts of maids or Thornebackes by the gils with a forke or string.

1655 T. Moffett & C. Bennet Healths Improvem. xviii. 157 Maides are as little and tender Skates.

1716 J. Gay Trivia ii. 39 The golden-belly'd Carp, the broad-finn'd Maid.

1769 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (new ed.) III. iv. 70 The [thornbacks'] young..which (as well as those of the skate) before they are old enough to breed, are called maids.

1851 H. Mayhew London Labour I. 65/2 Piles of huge maids, dropping slime from the counter, are eagerly examined and bartered for.

1862 J. Couch Hist. Fishes Brit. Islands IV. 122 Twait Shad. Maid.

1880–4 F. Day Fishes Great Brit. & Ireland II. 344 The young [of the thornback ray] termed maids, maidens, or maiden-skates.

9. regional.

†a. = maiden n. 6. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > [noun] > beheading > guillotining > guillotine > instrument similar to

maiden1565

Halifax Gibbet1650

maid1699

1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Kissing the Maid, an Engine in Scotland, and at Halifax in England.

b. = maiden n. 8.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > representation > a plastic or graphic representation > three-dimensional representation > [noun] > model of a human

woman1509

manikin1535

malkinc1565

man1600

kirn-baby1777

maid1794

knack1813

snowman1827

moggie1896

1794 Har'st Rig cxlii. 43 Lang was the Har'st and little corn! And, sad mischance! the Maid was shorn After sunset!

1905 in Eng. Dial. Dict. Maid.

c. A clothes horse; = maiden n. 7c.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing clothes and textile articles > [noun] > frame for hanging washing on to dry

hake1689

horse1706

winter dyke1748

maid1795

clothes-horse1807

winter hedge1812

airer1817

clothes-screen1832

linen-horse1845

maiden1856

maiden maker?1881

1795 London Chron. 23 July 78 As if a horse, or maid for clothes, had been thrown with violence to the ground.

1905 in Eng. Dial. Dict. Maid.

d. A washerwoman's dolly; = maiden n. 7b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing clothes and textile articles > [noun] > stick to stir washing

maiden1752

dolly1793

doll1841

peggy1860

dolly peg1879

maid1882

poting stick1892

potstick1922

1882 E. L. Chamberlain Gloss. W. Worcs. Words Add. 36 Maid, the wooden instrument used by laundresses, commonly known as a dolly.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

maid-attendant n.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > service > servant > personal or domestic servant > attendant or personal servant > [noun]

thanea700

yeoman1345

squirec1380

foot followera1382

handservanta1382

servitora1382

ministera1384

servera1425

squire of (or for) the body (or household)1450

attender1461

waitera1483

awaiter1495

tender?a1505

waiting-man1518

satellite?1520

attendant1555

sitter-byc1555

pediseque1606

asseclist?1607

tendant1614

assecle1616

fewterera1625

escudero1631

peon1638

wait1652

under spur-leather1685

body servant1689

slavey1819

tindal1859

maid-attendant1896

1896 Daily News 30 Oct. 10/7 Maid-Attendant to an elderly or invalid lady.

1998 Daily Tel. (Sydney) (Nexis) 13 Feb. 11 Packed off with..two sturdy maid attendants to hold him down when one of the fits was upon him.

maid-birth n.

ΚΠ

1855 P. J. Bailey Mystic 91 The pearl conceived of dew and lightning, type Of that pure maid-birth yet to bless the world.

† maid face n. Obsolete rare

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > face with expression or expression > [noun]

anlethOE

cheerc1225

countenancec1330

facec1330

visage1338

frontc1374

vult?a1400

maid facec1450

walte1524

facies1565

museau1816

shade1817

coupon1962

c1450 (?c1408) J. Lydgate Reson & Sensuallyte (1901) 3629 Euerych hath a mayde face Of syghte lusty to enbrace.

maid-mother n.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > parent > mother > [noun] > young

maid-mother1832

pram-pusher1908

1832 Ld. Tennyson Palace of Art xiv, in Poems (new ed.) 73 The maidmother..Sat smiling, babe in arm.

maid nurse n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > healer > nurse > [noun] > other types

man-nurse1530

probationer nurse1584

parish nurse1716

day nurse1759

school nurse1836

Gamp1846

hospital nurse1848

pupil nurse1861

male nurse1874

district nurse1883

relief nurse1884

casualty nurse1885

bayman1888

maid nurse1895

charge-nurse1896

ward nurse1899

health visitor1901

practice nurse1912

community nurse1922

scrub nurse1927

theatre nurse1934

para-nurse1942

nurse practitioner1967

rehab nurse1977

1895 Daily News 15 May 10/6 Mrs. H. wishes to recommend her maid..as Maid-Nurse.

1993 Hobart Mercury (Tasmania) (Nexis) 7 Jan. A plastic surgeon..who was working as a maid nurse at a local hospital because her qualifications were not recognised in Tasmania.

maid outfit n.

ΚΠ

1989 M. H. Kingston Tripmaster Monkey (1990) ii. 57 The Mexican-looking lady in the maid outfit put the shrimp down.

2007 Time Out (Nexis) 4 July 119 Teas, finger sandwiches, scones and cakes, all brought over by waitresses in Carry On-style maid outfits.

maid-room n.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > room > room by type of use > [noun] > bedroom

clevec825

bedchamberc1390

wardrobea1400

kuchiez kotec1400

garderobe?c1450

cubicle1483

pallet chambera1535

bed-place1566

kitchen chamber1573

bedroom1600

cubiculoa1616

lodginga1616

lodging-room1615

bower1674

ruelle1676

lodging-chambera1684

common chamber1684

sleeping-room1699

hall-bedroom1738

berth1806

bunk-room1855

bed-house1881

cubicule1887

bedder1897

bed1926

sleeping-platform1935

roomette1937

single1963

maid-room1992

1992 Japan Times 30 Sept. 13/6 (advt.) Tremendous 5-bedroom apartment, garden, maid-room, family room.

maid slave n.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > slavery or bondage > [noun] > slave > female

theowa900

ambohtc1175

thrallessa1382

bondwoman1387

serve1480

bondmaid1526

naif1531

maid slave1585

slave-girl1607

slave woman1607

woman bond1675

house girl1791

thrall-woman1886

bondswoman-

1585 C. Hollyband tr. Explan. True & Lawfull Right & Tytle, Anthonie King of Portugall sig. F3^v He was found among the rocks, by meanes of a maid-slaue bewraying him, & therupon was also beheaded.

1612 North's Plutarch 150 Faire maide slaues [1579 maydes slaues], dressed vp like gentlewomen.

1989 A. Walker Temple of my Familiar i. 76 I might be able to get a job as maidslave.

† maid-widow n. Obsolete rare

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > widow or widower > [noun] > widow

widowOE

lavec1325

widow woman1340

relictc1460

widow lady1525

widowess1596

maid-widow1655

feme sole1714

veuve1766

ace of spades1811

sod widow1927

1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. ii. 86 He stayed so long, that his Church presumed him dead, and herself a Maid-Widow, which lawfully might receive another Husband.

† maid woman n. Obsolete rare

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > service > servant > personal or domestic servant > attendant or personal servant > [noun] > female

thuftena1100

handmaidc1300

damselc1330

maid womanc1330

handmaidenc1350

handwomana1382

foot maid?a1475

foot maidenc1480

waiting-woman1565

waitressc1595

waiter1639

attendressa1661

c1330 (?c1300) Bevis of Hampton (Auch.) 2203 And boute þe finde me maide wimman..Send me aȝen to me fon.

† maid-born adj. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1623 W. Drummond Flowres of Sion 6 Milde Creatures in whose warme Crib now lyes, That..holy-Maide-borne Wight.

† maid-faced adj. Obsolete rare

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > types of face > [adjective]

flatc1400

hardc1400

low-cheeredc1400

large?a1425

ruscledc1440

well-visagedc1440

platter-faced1533

well-faced1534

full-faced1543

fair-faced1553

bright-faceda1560

crab-faced1563

crab-snouted1563

crab-tree-faced1563

long-visaged1584

owlya1586

wainscot-faced1588

flaberkin1592

rough-hewn1593

angel-faced1594

round-faced1594

crab-favoured1596

rugged1596

weasel-faced1596

rough-faced1598

half-faced1600

chitty1601

lenten-faced1604

broad-faced1607

dog-faced1607

weaselled-faced1607

wry-faced1607

maid-faced1610

warp-faced1611

ill-faceda1616

lean-faceda1616

old-faceda1616

moon-faced1619

monkey-faced1620

chitty-face1622

chitty-faceda1627

lean-chapt1629

antic-faced1635

bloat-faced1638

bacon-facea1640

blue-faced1640

hatchet-faced1648

grave1650

lean-jawed1679

smock-faced1684

lean-visaged1686

flaber1687

baby-faced1692

splatter-faced1707

chubby1722

puggy1722

block-faced1751

haggard-looking1756

long-faced1762

haggardly1763

fresh-faced1766

dough-faced1773

pudding-faced1777

baby-featured1780

fat-faced1782

haggard1787

weazen-face1794

keen1798

ferret-like1801

lean-cheeked1812

mulberry-faced1812

open-faced1813

open-countenanced1819

chiselled1821

hatchety1821

misfeatured1822

terse1824

weazen-faced1824

mahogany-faced1825

clock-faced1827

sharp1832

sensual1833

beef-faced1838

weaselly1838

ferret-faced1840

sensuous1843

rat-faced1844

recedent1849

neat-faced1850

cherubimical1854

pinch-faced1859

cherubic1860

frownya1861

receding1866

weak1882

misfeaturing1885

platopic1885

platyopic1885

pro-opic1885

wind-splitting1890

falcon-face1891

blunt-featured1916

bun-faced1927

fish-faced1963

1610 J. Healey tr. J. L. Vives in tr. St. Augustine Citie of God xviii. xiii. 686 Sphinx maid-fac'd, fetherd-foule, foure-footed beast.

† maid-pale adj. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > skin > complexion > paleness > [adjective]

blatec1000

whiteOE

greena1275

blakec1275

bleykea1300

wana1300

palec1330

bleach1340

pale and wan (wan and pale)c1374

colourlessc1380

deadlyc1385

deadc1386

bloodlessc1450

earthlyc1460

ruddylessc1460

wan visaged?a1513

wanny1555

as pale or white as a clout1557

bleak1566

mealy1566

pale-faced1570

ghastly1574

white-faced1577

bleakish1581

pallid1590

whiggish1590

tallow-faced1592

maid-pale1597

lily1600

whey-colour1602

lew1611

roseless1611

Hippocratical1615

cadaverousa1661

Hippocratic1681

smock-faced1684

white-looked1690

livid1728

as white (or pale) as a sheet1752

squalid1753

deathly1791

etiolated1791

light-skinned1802

suety1803

shilpit1813

blanched1828

tallowy1830

suet-faced1834

pasty1836

tallowish1838

whey-faced1847

pasty-faced1848

aghast1850

waxen1853

complexionless1863

light-skin1877

lily-cheeked1877

lardy1879

wan-faced1881

exsanguinous1889

wheatish1950

1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II iii. iii. 97 Ten thousand bloudy crownes of mothers sonnes, Shall..Change the complexion of her maid-pale peace, To scarlet indignation.

C2.

† maid-fish n. Obsolete = sense 8.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > subclass Elasmobranchii > order Hypotremata > [noun] > family Rajidae > member of genus Raia (skate)

skatec1340

flathec1440

maid1569

maid-fish1665

flair1668

maiden-skatea1795

skate maid1836

tinker1836

flapper-skate1839

roker1860

rajoid1890

the world > animals > fish > subclass Elasmobranchii > order Hypotremata > [noun] > family Rajidae > raia clavata (thornback)

thornbackc1300

maid1569

fork-fish1601

rock ray1611

maid-fish1665

thorn-but1668

thorny-back1811

roker1860

thornback ray1862

maid1569

twaita1609

maid-fish1665

May fish1836

1665 in D. Yaxley Researcher's Gloss. Hist. Documents E. Anglia (2003) 127 1 tornbacke 10 made Fish.

1774 R. Morris Diary 9 Mar. in Radical Adventurer (1971) 148 There are also a few Maid-fish, & a vast number of marine productions.

1810 Splendid Follies I. 130 Distorting her countenance to the semblance of a maid-fish.

† maids' ale n. Obsolete rare the festival of the maidens' guild.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > social event > festive occasion > specific festivities > [noun] > other festivities

hoppingc1330

hocking1406

church ale1448

bid-alec1462

kirk-ale1543

maids' ale1547

quaff-tide1582

help-ale1587

clerk-ale1627

Chinese New Year1704

Rasa-yatra1767

spring festival1788

souling1813

gooding1818

walking day1826

yatra1827

triacontaëterid1839

pwe1842

Thomasing1847

hocking-ale1854

Mary-ale1857

Oktoberfest1859

Marymass1866

club-walking1874

Lag b'Omer1874

full moon festival1876

beerfest1877

Tanabata1880

Moon Festival1892

bierfest1908

sausage fest1908

Zar1931

rara1941

mas'1956

molimo1960

Kwanzaa1970

1547 in E. Hobhouse Churchwardens' Accts. (1890) [Received from] The maydes ayll xxijs vjd.

maid service n. the service of a chambermaid to clean and tidy in a hotel room, apartment, etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > service > servant > personal or domestic servant > domestic servant > [noun] > maid or housemaid > maid service

maid service1951

1951 N.Y. Times 28 Oct. viii. 19 (advt.) Shamrock apartment hotel... Maid service.

1969 ‘O. Bleeck’ Brass Go-between (1970) vi. 69 In addition to daily maidservice, the Adelphi offered a restaurant and bar.

2007 Evening Standard (London) (Nexis) 11 July A51 Ibizan pads all with private pools,..satellite television, DVD and maid service.

† maid's hair n. Obsolete the plant lady's bedstraw, Galium verum.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Rubiaceae or Galiaceae (bedstraw, etc.) > [noun]

wild madderc1450

crudwort15..

Our Lady bedstraw1527

Our Lady's bedstraw1543

galion1548

maidenhair1548

purple goose-grass1548

cheese renning1578

crosswort1578

golden mugget1578

petty mugget1578

lady's bedstraw1585

maid's hair1597

cheese rennet1599

runnet1678

field madder1684

mugweed1690

rondeletia1739

Richardia1755

petty madder1760

madderlen1770

galium1785

Sherardia1785

joint-grass1790

mugwort1796

bluet1818

bedstraw1820

madderwort1845

hundredfold1853

honeywort1863

1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 968 In English our Ladies Bedstraw, Cheese renning, Maides Haire, and petie Mugwet.

1657 W. Coles Adam in Eden cccxliii It is called..in English Ladies Bedstraw, and sometimes Maids haire, from the finenesse of the Leaves.

† maid's sickness n. Obsolete rare = chlorosis n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of blood > [noun] > deficiency of red cells > chlorosis

green sickness1547

maid's sickness1633

white jaundice1655

chlorosis1660

greens1719

white jaundice1728

chloraemia1890

1633 J. Ford 'Tis Pitty shee's Whore iii. sig. F1 May bee 'tis but the Maides sicknesse, an ouer-fluxe of youth.

Derivatives

ˈmaid-like adj.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > service > servant > [adjective] > relating to female servants

maid-like1606

ancillary1852

1606 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iv. 79 A Mars-like Courage in a Maid-like blush.

1839 P. J. Bailey Festus 24 Seven fair maidlike moons attending him Perfect his sky.

2007 Sunday Age (Melbourne) (Nexis) 13 May m12 Glossy satins and beaded silks;..and maid-like, mini cocktail frocks in black-and-white at Gail Sorronda.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	maid
释义	maidn.¹ Brit. /meɪd/, U.S. /meɪd/ Forms: early Middle English mæide, early Middle English mede, Middle English maud, Middle English meide, Middle English mey (transmission error), Middle English–1500s meyde, Middle English–1600s made, Middle English–1600s maide, Middle English–1600s mayd, Middle English–1600s mayde, Middle English– maid, 1500s mayed, 1700s–1800s mide (Irish English), 1800s mydhe (Irish English); Scottish pre-1700 mad, pre-1700 maede, pre-1700 maide, pre-1700 mayd, pre-1700 mayde, pre-1700 1700s– maid. Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: maiden n. Etymology: < maiden n., with loss of -n (see below).A number of Old English words ending in -en show loss of final -n in southern texts early in the Middle English period. In the cases of clew n. and game n., the original form was eventually entirely replaced by that without -n , but maid , like eve n.² and morrow n., came to exist as a doublet alongside the -n form. The process is perhaps simply phonetic and part of a more general loss of -n after an unstressed vowel (see N n.), although it is perhaps notable that nouns in -en do not participate in the similar loss of final -n after an unstressed vowel which is typical of Northumbrian texts in Old English (perhaps owing to some degree of retention of length or secondary stress in the final syllable). It is probable that the Middle English developments in these words are motivated at least in part by analogy with contemporary developments in noun inflections, with invariable -e in the singular and -en in the plural in all grammatical cases becoming a frequent noun paradigm, especially for historically strong feminine and weak nouns (maiden is historically strong neuter). Throughout the Middle English period maid appears to exist only in the singular: in early Middle English plural forms in -en occur only very rarely, and could be regarded as unmarked plural forms of maiden n., while the plural forms in -es or -s which would ordinarily be expected in later Middle English are in fact found rarely if at all before the mid 16th cent. (except in Scottish writers, where there are examples from at least the beginning of the 16th cent.), suggesting that the development of maid as a full lexical doublet of maiden , as opposed to a morphological variant of the singular of the latter noun, was only very gradual. After the loss of -n , the early spellings of maid with final -e represent a disyllabic pronunciation, which, at least for metrical convenience, remained a possibility throughout Middle English into the 15th cent., as is indicated by quots. c1330 at sense 2a, a1393 at sense 3a, and c1450 for maid face n. at Compounds 1a. Both maid and maiden , from the earliest records onwards, seem to have had the competing senses of ‘young female’ and ‘virgin (of any age)’. Because of this ambiguity, they have tended to be replaced in the sense ‘young female’ by words such as girl and periphrastic uses such as young lady and young woman . Consequently, both words have generally been more commonly used in the sense of ‘virgin’: maid now principally in the compound old maid n., maiden in a large number of compound and adjectival uses. A third major sense ‘servant’ was also taken over from maiden by maid , in which it has had greater currency, partly perhaps because of the large number of compounds such as chambermaid n., housemaid n., and nursemaid n. Except in this specific sense, maid has never developed the variety of adjectival and compound uses found for maiden , even though the use of the uncompounded words shows an almost complete semantic overlap in the early period (see below). The word is attested earlier in surnames and place names from the late 12th cent.: see Middle Eng. Dict., s.v. maid(e n. and adj. The word is not identical with Old English mægeð (cognate with German Magd ): see maiden n. I. Senses referring to human beings. 1. a. A virgin; spec. the Virgin Mary ( †maid Mary); = maiden n. 2a. (Not always distinguishable from senses 2a and 3.) Now archaic and regional. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > virginity > [noun] > a virgin maidenmaneOE maidenOE maida1225 virgina1393 vestal1593 virgo intacta1726 fresh meat1896 virguncule1911 cherry1928 virgie1930 the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > Mary > [noun] ladyOE queenOE MaryOE St MaryOE starOE Our LadylOE lemana1225 maidena1225 maid Marya1225 heaven queenc1225 mothera1275 maiden Maryc1300 Star of the Seac1300 advocatrixc1390 mother-maidc1390 flower, gem, etc., of virginitya1393 the Virgina1393 mediatricea1400 paramoura1400 salver14.. advocatrice?a1430 Mother of God?a1430 way of indulgence?a1430 advocatessc1450 mother-maidenc1450 rose of Jerichoa1456 mediatrixc1475 viergec1475 addresseressa1492 fleur-de-lis?a1513 rosine?a1513 salvatrice?a1513 saviouress1563 mediatressa1602 advocatress1616 Christotokos1625 Deipara1664 V.M.1670 Madonnaa1684 the Virgin Mother1720 Panagia1776 Mater Dolorosa1800 B.V.M.1838 dispensatrixa1864 Theotokos1874 dispensatress1896 a1225 ( Ælfric's Homily De Initio Creaturae (Vesp. A.xxii) in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 227 To ane mede [OE Royal mædene] þe was Maria ȝehaten. a1225 MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 77 Þet halie meide [sc. Mary]. a1300 Passion our Lord 597 in R. Morris Old Eng. Misc. (1872) 54 Vre louerd ihesu crist þe wes ibore of þe meyde. c1300 St. Matthew (Laud) 57 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 79 I-bore of mayde marie. c1330 (?c1300) Bevis of Hampton (Auch.) 2197 Þat i ne toke neuer wif Boute ȝhe were maide clene. c1385 G. Chaucer Knight's Tale 2330 Thow art mayde and kepere of vs alle..And whil I lyue a mayde I wol thee serue. ?a1430 T. Hoccleve Mother of God l. 11 in Minor Poems (1970) i. 52 Humble lady, mayde, modir and wyf! 1480 Table Prouffytable Lernynge (Caxton) (1964) 45 Who serueth our lord, And the mayde marye. a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 262 Thow..Gabriell send with the salutatioun On to the mayd of maist humilite. 1528 J. Skelton Honorificatissimo: Replycacion agaynst Yong Scolers sig. Aiii^v Wotte ye what ye sayed Of Mary, mother and mayed? 1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iv. v. 53 Let in the maide, that out a maide, neuer departed more. View more context for this quotation 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 136 Cydippe with Licorias, one a Maid, And one that once had call'd Lucina's Aid. View more context for this quotation a1711 T. Ken Sion ii, in Wks. (1721) IV. 370 The Son ador'd and nurs'd by the sweet Maid, A thousand-fold of Love for Love repaid. 1955 R. S. Thomas Peasant in Song at Year's Turning 85 The tall Cross..Aches for the Body That is back in the cradle Of a maid's arms. 1966 K. F. Otterbein Andros Islanders 42 If you don't get a maid [in marriage] you never know when a man is standing behind a tree laughing to himself because he had her first. b. A man without experience of sexual intercourse, esp. as a result of abstention. Cf. maiden n. 2b. Now regional. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > virginity > [noun] > a virgin > specifically male maidena1225 maidc1300 virginc1330 c1300 St. John Evangelist (Laud) 34 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 403 In seint Iohanes warde is swete moder he tok..þare nas non oþur of heom þat clene mayde was. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 230 (MED) Saint Ion þe ewangelist, þet wes mayde, wes amang þe apostles þe meste belouede of oure lhorde. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 365 A preost þat is clene mayde. a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 11 Abel..a mayde, a martire, killid of his brothir of pure envye. 1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. cxv. [cxi.] 331 He was swete, courtesse, meke, and a mayde of body. 1606 B. Jonson Hymenaei 105 View two Noble Maydes, Of different Sexe, to Vnion sacrifiz'd. a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) v. i. 261 You are betroth'd both to a maid and man. View more context for this quotation a1641 R. Montagu Acts & Monuments (1642) 542 Joseph was..a maid, never knowing woman, as never being married before. 1710 Brit. Apollo 11–14 Aug. He Dy'd a Maid. 1888 F. T. Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. (at cited word) He was a very quiet fuller—my belief, he lived and died a maid. c. [After Middle French la Pucelle (see pucelle n.).] the Maid of God (also of Orleans): Joan of Arc. Also simply the Maid and figurative. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > holiness > saint > particular saints > [noun] > Joan of Arc the Maid of God1548 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. cxiij^v This wytch or manly woman, (called the maide of God) the Frenchemen greatly glorified. 1689 J. Heath Eng. Chron. 152 Joan, called by the French, the Maid of God. 1723 C. MacLaurin Let. 7 Apr. in J. Jurin Corr. (1996) 145 Where 'tis said the famous maid of Orleans was born. 1796 R. Southey Joan of Arc iv. 343 Then the Maid Fix'd on the warrior her reproving eye. 1849 J. Lingard Hist. Eng. (1855) IV. i. 17/2 The maid of Orleans..led the assailants. 1875 J. Gairdner Houses Lancaster & York (ed. 2) vii. 130 Rumours of the..miracles of the Maid were repeated even in the English camp. 1903 S. J. Weyman Long Night xiii. 181 Such a feeling as the rough spearsmen of the Orléannais had for Joan the maid. 1956 A. Wilson Anglo-Saxon Attitudes ii. ii. 342 We can stand with the Maid as she scorns her judges. 1990 R. Blount First Hubby 133 I was..already in love..with a Maid of Orleans whose cause I believed in. 2. a. A girl; a young (unmarried) woman; = maiden n. 1a. (Not always distinguishable from senses 1a and 3.) Now archaic and regional. ΘΚΠ the world > people > person > young person > young woman > [noun] daughterOE maidenOE young womanOE mayc1175 burdc1225 maidc1275 wenchc1290 file1303 virginc1330 girla1375 damselc1380 young ladya1393 jilla1425 juvenclec1430 young person1438 domicellea1464 quean1488 trull1525 pulleta1533 Tib1533 kittyc1560 dell1567 gillian1573 nymph1584 winklota1586 frotion1587 yuffrouw1589 pigeon1592 tit1599 nannicock1600 muggle1608 gixy1611 infanta1611 dilla1627 tittiea1628 whimsy1631 ladykin1632 stammel1639 moggie1648 zitellaa1660 baggagea1668 miss1668 baby1684 burdie1718 demoiselle1720 queanie?1800 intombi1809 muchacha1811 jilt1816 titter1819 ragazza1827 gouge1828 craft1829 meisie1838 sheila1839 sixteenc1840 chica1843 femme1846 muffin1854 gel1857 quail1859 kitten1870 bud1880 fräulein1883 sub-debutante1887 sweet-and-twenty1887 flapper1888 jelly1889 queen1894 chick1899 pusher1902 bit of fluff1903 chicklet1905 twist and twirl1905 twist1906 head1913 sub-deb1916 tabby1916 mouse1917 tittie1918 chickie1919 wren1920 bim1922 nifty1923 quiff1923 wimp1923 bride1924 job1927 junior miss1927 hag1932 tab1932 sort1933 palone1934 brush1941 knitting1943 teenybopper1966 weeny-bopper1972 Valley Girl1982 the world > people > person > child > girl > [noun] maiden-childeOE maidenOE maidc1275 maid-childc1275 wenchc1290 thernec1300 lassc1325 maidenkinc1330 child-womana1382 girlc1400 pucelle1439 maidkin1440 mawther1440 mop1466 woman-child?1515 bonnea1529 urchina1535 kinchin-mort1567 dandiprat1582 prill1587 sluta1592 little girl1603 maggie1603 tendril1603 squall1607 childa1616 filly1616 vriester1652 miss1668 gilpie1720 lassie1725 laddess1768 jeune fillea1777 bitch1785 girly?1786 gal1795 ladyling1807 missikin1815 colleen1828 girleen1833 snowdrop1833 pinafore1836 chica1843 fillette1847 charity-girl1848 urchiness1852 Mädchen1854 gel1857 pusill1884 backfisch1888 girly-girly1888 cliner1895 tittie1918 weeny1929 bobby-soxer1944 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) 256 Þa þis child was feir muche Þa luuede he a maide. c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 297 (MED) Þis mayde ispoused was, of so heye blode. c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 2702 Þe maide answerd in lede, ‘Þer of haue þou no care’. c1450 (?c1408) J. Lydgate Reson & Sensuallyte (1901) 151 Faire..of hewe, As a mayde in hir beaute That shal of newe wedded be. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) x. l. 1243 In tym off pes mek as a maid was he. 1546–7 in J. W. Clay Testamenta Eboracensia (1902) VI. 252 Desiringe her to be good ladie to my litle meyde, her god doughter. 1571 E. Grindal Articles §54 Legacies giuen..to other..godly vses as to..poore Maydes marriages. 1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene vi. xii. sig. Kk^v She found..That this young Mayd..Is her owne daughter. View more context for this quotation 1645 J. Milton On Christ's Nativity: Hymn xxii, in Poems 10 In vain the Tyrian Maids their wounded Thamuz mourn. a1719 J. Addison Dialogues Medals in Wks. (1721) I. ii. 471 Ye sue the unpropitious maid in vain. 1782 W. Cowper Sweet Stream Sweet stream..Apt emblem of a virtuous maid! 1789 C. Vallancey Vocab. Lang. Forth & Bargie in Trans. Royal Irish Acad. 1788 2 Antiquities 32 Mide, a maid. 1816 S. T. Coleridge Christabel ii. 41 Sweet maid,..Thy sire and I will crush the snake! 1830 Ld. Tennyson National Song in Poems 142 There are no maids like English maids, So beautiful as they be. 1886 R. Kipling Departm. Ditties (1888) 64 ‘By all I am misunderstood!’ if the Matron shall say, or the Maid. 1915 St. Nicholas June 682/2 She shut the garden gate..and went as demurely as a little Quaker maid down the box-bordered path. 1960 J. Barth Sot-weed Factor ii. xii. 233 She was a brown-haired, excellently breasted maid of twenty years or so. 1992 B. Morgan Random Passage vii. 89 His brother has a delicate stomach, ‘Like a young maid, he is b'y, fair upset at the sight of all poor, dead little fish.’ †b. regional. A female infant. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > people > person > baby or infant > [noun] > baby girl childa1616 maid1653 baby girl1758 1653 J. Harington Diary 6 July (1977) 81 Sara delivered of a maid and died. †c. poetic. In personifications. Obsolete (frequently in the 18th cent.). ΚΠ 1747 W. Collins Odes 46 When Music, Heav'nly Maid, was young. 1753 T. Gray Hymn to Adversity in Six Poems 26 Melancholy, silent maid With leaden eye. 1773 H. More Search after Happiness ii. 144 Hail, artless Simplicity, beautiful maid. 3. a. A female servant or attendant; a maidservant; often with defining word prefixed as bar-maid, chamber-maid, farm-maid, house-maid, nurse-maid, servant-maid, etc.; lady's maid (see lady's maid n.). Cf. maiden n. 3. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > service > servant > [noun] > woman or girl maidenOE schelchenec1000 womanOE maidc1300 ancillec1366 wench1380 child-womana1382 maidservanta1382 serving-womana1398 servantessa1425 servant maid?a1450 woman servant1450 servitrice1477 administress1483 ministressa1500 serving maid?1529 maiden-servant1533 servitrix1566 miskin-fro1585 servant girl1658 girl1668 necessary womanc1689 scout1708 servitress1827 ancilla1871 c1300 St. Mary Magdalen (Laud) 492 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 476 Heo haueȝ i-beon min hou[s]wif, mi mayde, and mi norice. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) i. 2573 Sche..goth to chambre and hath compleigned Unto a Maide which sche triste. 1461 in F. B. Bickley Little Red Bk. Bristol (1900) II. 127 No person..sett..his seid wyfe, daughter, or maide to no suche occupacion of weuyng. a1535 T. More Hist. Richard III in Wks. (1557) 59/1 Y^t it was not princely to mary hys owne subiect,..onely as it were a rich man that would mary his mayde. 1567 Compend. Bk. Godly Songs (rev. ed.) f. 6 Thy nychtbouris wyfe..Thow couet not, to the..his oxe, his maide nor page. a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1658 (1955) III. 208 He [sc. a child] would..select the most pathetical Psalmes,..to reade to his Mayde, during his sicknesse. 1698 H. Wanley in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eminent Literary Men (1843) 258 The maid told me that Dr. Smith had been there since I went. 1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho II. xii. 466 You must dismiss your maid, lady. 1835 Gentleman's Mag. Nov. 491 We kept no maid:—and I had much to do. 1860 Queen Victoria Jrnl. (1868) 138 The two maids had driven over by another road in the waggonette. 1880 ‘Ouida’ Moths I. 39 My maid must run up something for you to wear by to-morrow. 1927 Travel Nov. 48/1 (advt.) Steward, maid, waiters, porters and barber, attending your needs. 1960 S. Unwin Truth about Publisher i. i. 20 To wait on ourselves at supper..to give the maids a Sunday evening's rest. 1991 San Francisco Chron. 26 July b5/4 She not only left her husband..but she left her cook, and her chauffeur and her maid. b. maid-of-all-work n. (a) a female servant who does all kinds of housework (now chiefly historical); (b) a person (esp. an official) or a thing (esp. a machine) that performs a variety of tasks. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > service > servant > personal or domestic servant > domestic servant > [noun] > general house servant1681 maid-of-all-work1801 general1884 society > authority > subjection > service > servant > personal or domestic servant > domestic servant > [noun] > maid or housemaid > maid-of-all-work general servant1725 servant of all work1754 maid-of-all-work1801 slavey1821 universal maid1840 marchioness1883 skivvy1902 1801 in Catal. Prints: Polit. & Personal Satires (Brit. Mus.) (1947) VIII. 52 The maid of all-work's prayer!! 1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas II. iv. vii. 153 An old abigail, whom I had formerly known as maid of all work to an actress? 1846 Punch 11 206 Maids-of-all-work learning pistol-practice at the shooting galleries. 1848 W. M. Thackeray Sketches & Trav. London in Wks. (1886) XXIV. 350 The red-haired maid-of-all-work coming out with yesterday's paper. 1858 T. H. Huxley in L. Huxley Life & Lett. T. H. Huxley (1900) I. xii. 158 Non-official maid-of-all-work in Natural Science to the Government. 1887 Spectator 16 Apr. 534/2 First she is a maid-of-all-work in the family of a poor clergyman. 1931 A. L. Rowse Politics & Younger Generation 196 If he [sc. the cleric] is to find favour he has to become a kind of maid-of-all-work for the public life of the district. 1962 W. H. Auden Dyer's Hand (1963) 396 It [sc. ottava rima] became a maid-of-all-work stanza. 1982 R. Anderson Poacher's Son (1984) i. 5 My sister was too good to be a maid-of-all-work. 1985 P. Ziegler Mountbatten ii. ix. 124 It was the destroyer, that tough, speedy yet..vulnerable maid-of-all-work, which played the leading part. 4. An unmarried woman, a spinster, esp. one of mature years. †to stand on the maid: (of a woman) to remain single (obsolete). Cf. maiden n. 4. Now only in old maid n. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > unmarried person(s) > unmarried woman > [noun] maid1603 maiden lady1628 bachelora1637 feme sole1714 spinstress1716 maidena1802 spin1842 sworn virgin1910 1603 T. Dekker 1603: Wonderfull Yeare sig. E1 To dye maydes too! O horrible! ?1614 G. Chapman tr. Homer Odysses vi. 87 Because thou shalt no more stand on the Maid [ἐπεὶ οὔτοι ἔτι δην παρθένος ἔσσεαι]. 1648 Parish Reg. St. John Maddermarket, Norwich (MS) A maid almost a hundred yeare old, buried 14 Nov. Anno dni 1648. 1700 J. Dryden tr. G. Boccaccio Sigismonda & Guiscardo in Fables 124 For this, when ripe for Marriage, he delay'd Her nuptial Bands, and kept her long a Maid. 1747 Gen. Advertiser 4 July The Match [at Cricket]..between the Maids of Charlton and the Maids of Singleton..will be play'd in the Artillery-Ground. 1814 W. Scott Waverley I. v. 48 Miss Lucy St. Aubin lived and died a maid for his sake. View more context for this quotation 1838 T. Carlyle Coll. Lett. (1985) X. 154 A queer broad ancient maid, farmeress who ‘makes draining-tiles’. 1905 in Eng. Dial. Dict. Maid. 5. U.S. In certain American universities: the title of a degree conferred on a woman (the female counterpart of Bachelor). Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > education > educational administration > university administration > taking degree or graduation > [noun] > degree holder master1380 bachelorc1386 doctorc1400 magister1459 sir1557 Dra1593 doctorate1651 baccalaur1661 baccalaureate1696 formed bachelor1738 middle bachelor1759 Mus.B.1801 PhD1839 diplomate1879 maid1881 Mus. Bac.1889 postdoctoral1962 postdoc1964 B.A.- B.L.- 1881 Rep. U.S. Commissioner Educ. 1879 608 Degrees conferred in 1879 by universities, colleges..Waco University, Waco, Texas..Includes 6 ‘maid of arts’. 1885 Pall Mall Gaz. 5 Mar. 3/2 The Americans..talk of Miss Bluestocking..as ‘Maid of Philosophy’, ‘Maid of Science’, ‘Maid of Arts’. 1888 J. Bryce Amer. Commonw. III. cii. 445 Mr. D. C. Gilman..mentions the following among the degree titles awarded in some institutions to women..Laureate of Science, Proficient in Music, Maid of Philosophy. 1989 C. R. Wilson & W. Ferris Encycl. Southern Culture 272/2 At first the university's degrees for females..carried the title of ‘maid’. 6. South African (derogatory and offensive). [After Afrikaans meid female servant, black woman < Dutch meid , regional variant of maagd (see maiden n.).] A black woman (of any age, and not necessarily in domestic service). ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > division of mankind by physical characteristics > black person > [noun] > woman Negrine1703 negress1734 momma1803 auntie1825 aunt1835 sister1879 black velvet1900 soul sister1959 maid1961 1961 T. Matshikiza Chocolates for my Wife 126 They laughed into their big police van... ‘The maid is now called wife, caw, caw.’ 1962 L. E. Neame Hist. Apartheid 84 A Non-White person..a ‘maid’, a sub-human, a member of a child race created by a benevolent Deity to serve the material interests of the superior race. 1978 Daily Dispatch (East London, S. Afr.) 24 Nov. 9 Five knife-bearing white vigilantes..jumped out of a car shouting: ‘Leave that hotnot maid.’ 1987 O. Prozesky Wrath of Lamb 11 My mother was a teacher once, but all her life she was a ‘girl’ or a ‘maid’. 1988 A. Van Niekerk in Staffrider 7 ii. 39 The resoluteness, the sacrifice and suffering of women, ranged against tyranny of those who call us maids. 1991 in Dict. S. Afr. Eng. on Hist. Princ. (1996) (at cited word) Please get me some tomatoes from the maids outside Checkers. II. Senses referring to other living creatures or inanimate objects. †7. Astrology and Astronomy. [After classical Latin Virgō (see virgin n. and adj.).] The zodiacal sign Virgo. Cf. virgin n. 6. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > celestial sphere > zone of celestial sphere > particular signs > [noun] > Virgo Virgoa1000 maida1387 virgin1493 a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1869) II. 207 Ðese beoð ðe names of ðe signes:..ðe Leon, ðe Mayde. c1400 Treat. Astron. (Bodl. Add. B. 17) f. 4 Virgo..regneð in August & is cleped ðe signe of a mayde. 1565 B. Googe tr. ‘M. Palingenius’ Zodiake of Life (new ed.) xi. sig. QQ.j The names of these celestiall sygnes I wyll disclose in verse. These are the Ram, the Bull,..The Maide. 8. Any of several fishes; spec. (a) a young skate, Raja batis; (b) a young thornback ray, Raja clavata; (c) a twaite shad, Alosa fallax. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > subclass Elasmobranchii > order Hypotremata > [noun] > family Rajidae > member of genus Raia (skate) skatec1340 flathec1440 maid1569 maid-fish1665 flair1668 maiden-skatea1795 skate maid1836 tinker1836 flapper-skate1839 roker1860 rajoid1890 the world > animals > fish > subclass Elasmobranchii > order Hypotremata > [noun] > family Rajidae > raia clavata (thornback) thornbackc1300 maid1569 fork-fish1601 rock ray1611 maid-fish1665 thorn-but1668 thorny-back1811 roker1860 thornback ray1862 the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > subclass Actinopterygii > order Clupeiformes > [noun] > family Clupeidae and herrings > member of genus Alosa (shad) > alosa finta (twait shad) maid1569 twaita1609 maid-fish1665 May fish1836 1569 Chamberlains' Accts. in J. Webb Town Finances Elizabethan Ipswich (1996) 93 For oysters, soles, plaice, quodinges, maydes and buttes vs. vd. 1579 J. Jones Arte preseruing Bodie & Soule i. xiv. 26 Of fishes,..Whiting, Smelt, Maids, Loch, Sammon. 1598 tr. G. de Rosselli Epulario sig. F iiij Take out the guts of maids or Thornebackes by the gils with a forke or string. 1655 T. Moffett & C. Bennet Healths Improvem. xviii. 157 Maides are as little and tender Skates. 1716 J. Gay Trivia ii. 39 The golden-belly'd Carp, the broad-finn'd Maid. 1769 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (new ed.) III. iv. 70 The [thornbacks'] young..which (as well as those of the skate) before they are old enough to breed, are called maids. 1851 H. Mayhew London Labour I. 65/2 Piles of huge maids, dropping slime from the counter, are eagerly examined and bartered for. 1862 J. Couch Hist. Fishes Brit. Islands IV. 122 Twait Shad. Maid. 1880–4 F. Day Fishes Great Brit. & Ireland II. 344 The young [of the thornback ray] termed maids, maidens, or maiden-skates. 9. regional. †a. = maiden n. 6. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > [noun] > beheading > guillotining > guillotine > instrument similar to maiden1565 Halifax Gibbet1650 maid1699 1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Kissing the Maid, an Engine in Scotland, and at Halifax in England. b. = maiden n. 8. ΘΚΠ society > communication > representation > a plastic or graphic representation > three-dimensional representation > [noun] > model of a human woman1509 manikin1535 malkinc1565 man1600 kirn-baby1777 maid1794 knack1813 snowman1827 moggie1896 1794 Har'st Rig cxlii. 43 Lang was the Har'st and little corn! And, sad mischance! the Maid was shorn After sunset! 1905 in Eng. Dial. Dict. Maid. c. A clothes horse; = maiden n. 7c. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing clothes and textile articles > [noun] > frame for hanging washing on to dry hake1689 horse1706 winter dyke1748 maid1795 clothes-horse1807 winter hedge1812 airer1817 clothes-screen1832 linen-horse1845 maiden1856 maiden maker?1881 1795 London Chron. 23 July 78 As if a horse, or maid for clothes, had been thrown with violence to the ground. 1905 in Eng. Dial. Dict. Maid. d. A washerwoman's dolly; = maiden n. 7b. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing clothes and textile articles > [noun] > stick to stir washing maiden1752 dolly1793 doll1841 peggy1860 dolly peg1879 maid1882 poting stick1892 potstick1922 1882 E. L. Chamberlain Gloss. W. Worcs. Words Add. 36 Maid, the wooden instrument used by laundresses, commonly known as a dolly. Compounds C1. General attributive. a. maid-attendant n. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > service > servant > personal or domestic servant > attendant or personal servant > [noun] thanea700 yeoman1345 squirec1380 foot followera1382 handservanta1382 servitora1382 ministera1384 servera1425 squire of (or for) the body (or household)1450 attender1461 waitera1483 awaiter1495 tender?a1505 waiting-man1518 satellite?1520 attendant1555 sitter-byc1555 pediseque1606 asseclist?1607 tendant1614 assecle1616 fewterera1625 escudero1631 peon1638 wait1652 under spur-leather1685 body servant1689 slavey1819 tindal1859 maid-attendant1896 1896 Daily News 30 Oct. 10/7 Maid-Attendant to an elderly or invalid lady. 1998 Daily Tel. (Sydney) (Nexis) 13 Feb. 11 Packed off with..two sturdy maid attendants to hold him down when one of the fits was upon him. maid-birth n. ΚΠ 1855 P. J. Bailey Mystic 91 The pearl conceived of dew and lightning, type Of that pure maid-birth yet to bless the world. † maid face n. Obsolete rare ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > face with expression or expression > [noun] anlethOE cheerc1225 countenancec1330 facec1330 visage1338 frontc1374 vult?a1400 maid facec1450 walte1524 facies1565 museau1816 shade1817 coupon1962 c1450 (?c1408) J. Lydgate Reson & Sensuallyte (1901) 3629 Euerych hath a mayde face Of syghte lusty to enbrace. maid-mother n. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > parent > mother > [noun] > young maid-mother1832 pram-pusher1908 1832 Ld. Tennyson Palace of Art xiv, in Poems (new ed.) 73 The maidmother..Sat smiling, babe in arm. maid nurse n. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > healer > nurse > [noun] > other types man-nurse1530 probationer nurse1584 parish nurse1716 day nurse1759 school nurse1836 Gamp1846 hospital nurse1848 pupil nurse1861 male nurse1874 district nurse1883 relief nurse1884 casualty nurse1885 bayman1888 maid nurse1895 charge-nurse1896 ward nurse1899 health visitor1901 practice nurse1912 community nurse1922 scrub nurse1927 theatre nurse1934 para-nurse1942 nurse practitioner1967 rehab nurse1977 1895 Daily News 15 May 10/6 Mrs. H. wishes to recommend her maid..as Maid-Nurse. 1993 Hobart Mercury (Tasmania) (Nexis) 7 Jan. A plastic surgeon..who was working as a maid nurse at a local hospital because her qualifications were not recognised in Tasmania. maid outfit n. ΚΠ 1989 M. H. Kingston Tripmaster Monkey (1990) ii. 57 The Mexican-looking lady in the maid outfit put the shrimp down. 2007 Time Out (Nexis) 4 July 119 Teas, finger sandwiches, scones and cakes, all brought over by waitresses in Carry On-style maid outfits. maid-room n. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > room > room by type of use > [noun] > bedroom clevec825 bedchamberc1390 wardrobea1400 kuchiez kotec1400 garderobe?c1450 cubicle1483 pallet chambera1535 bed-place1566 kitchen chamber1573 bedroom1600 cubiculoa1616 lodginga1616 lodging-room1615 bower1674 ruelle1676 lodging-chambera1684 common chamber1684 sleeping-room1699 hall-bedroom1738 berth1806 bunk-room1855 bed-house1881 cubicule1887 bedder1897 bed1926 sleeping-platform1935 roomette1937 single1963 maid-room1992 1992 Japan Times 30 Sept. 13/6 (advt.) Tremendous 5-bedroom apartment, garden, maid-room, family room. maid slave n. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > slavery or bondage > [noun] > slave > female theowa900 ambohtc1175 thrallessa1382 bondwoman1387 serve1480 bondmaid1526 naif1531 maid slave1585 slave-girl1607 slave woman1607 woman bond1675 house girl1791 thrall-woman1886 bondswoman- 1585 C. Hollyband tr. Explan. True & Lawfull Right & Tytle, Anthonie King of Portugall sig. F3^v He was found among the rocks, by meanes of a maid-slaue bewraying him, & therupon was also beheaded. 1612 North's Plutarch 150 Faire maide slaues [1579 maydes slaues], dressed vp like gentlewomen. 1989 A. Walker Temple of my Familiar i. 76 I might be able to get a job as maidslave. † maid-widow n. Obsolete rare ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > widow or widower > [noun] > widow widowOE lavec1325 widow woman1340 relictc1460 widow lady1525 widowess1596 maid-widow1655 feme sole1714 veuve1766 ace of spades1811 sod widow1927 1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. ii. 86 He stayed so long, that his Church presumed him dead, and herself a Maid-Widow, which lawfully might receive another Husband. † maid woman n. Obsolete rare ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > service > servant > personal or domestic servant > attendant or personal servant > [noun] > female thuftena1100 handmaidc1300 damselc1330 maid womanc1330 handmaidenc1350 handwomana1382 foot maid?a1475 foot maidenc1480 waiting-woman1565 waitressc1595 waiter1639 attendressa1661 c1330 (?c1300) Bevis of Hampton (Auch.) 2203 And boute þe finde me maide wimman..Send me aȝen to me fon. b. † maid-born adj. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1623 W. Drummond Flowres of Sion 6 Milde Creatures in whose warme Crib now lyes, That..holy-Maide-borne Wight. † maid-faced adj. Obsolete rare ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > types of face > [adjective] flatc1400 hardc1400 low-cheeredc1400 large?a1425 ruscledc1440 well-visagedc1440 platter-faced1533 well-faced1534 full-faced1543 fair-faced1553 bright-faceda1560 crab-faced1563 crab-snouted1563 crab-tree-faced1563 long-visaged1584 owlya1586 wainscot-faced1588 flaberkin1592 rough-hewn1593 angel-faced1594 round-faced1594 crab-favoured1596 rugged1596 weasel-faced1596 rough-faced1598 half-faced1600 chitty1601 lenten-faced1604 broad-faced1607 dog-faced1607 weaselled-faced1607 wry-faced1607 maid-faced1610 warp-faced1611 ill-faceda1616 lean-faceda1616 old-faceda1616 moon-faced1619 monkey-faced1620 chitty-face1622 chitty-faceda1627 lean-chapt1629 antic-faced1635 bloat-faced1638 bacon-facea1640 blue-faced1640 hatchet-faced1648 grave1650 lean-jawed1679 smock-faced1684 lean-visaged1686 flaber1687 baby-faced1692 splatter-faced1707 chubby1722 puggy1722 block-faced1751 haggard-looking1756 long-faced1762 haggardly1763 fresh-faced1766 dough-faced1773 pudding-faced1777 baby-featured1780 fat-faced1782 haggard1787 weazen-face1794 keen1798 ferret-like1801 lean-cheeked1812 mulberry-faced1812 open-faced1813 open-countenanced1819 chiselled1821 hatchety1821 misfeatured1822 terse1824 weazen-faced1824 mahogany-faced1825 clock-faced1827 sharp1832 sensual1833 beef-faced1838 weaselly1838 ferret-faced1840 sensuous1843 rat-faced1844 recedent1849 neat-faced1850 cherubimical1854 pinch-faced1859 cherubic1860 frownya1861 receding1866 weak1882 misfeaturing1885 platopic1885 platyopic1885 pro-opic1885 wind-splitting1890 falcon-face1891 blunt-featured1916 bun-faced1927 fish-faced1963 1610 J. Healey tr. J. L. Vives in tr. St. Augustine Citie of God xviii. xiii. 686 Sphinx maid-fac'd, fetherd-foule, foure-footed beast. † maid-pale adj. Obsolete ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > skin > complexion > paleness > [adjective] blatec1000 whiteOE greena1275 blakec1275 bleykea1300 wana1300 palec1330 bleach1340 pale and wan (wan and pale)c1374 colourlessc1380 deadlyc1385 deadc1386 bloodlessc1450 earthlyc1460 ruddylessc1460 wan visaged?a1513 wanny1555 as pale or white as a clout1557 bleak1566 mealy1566 pale-faced1570 ghastly1574 white-faced1577 bleakish1581 pallid1590 whiggish1590 tallow-faced1592 maid-pale1597 lily1600 whey-colour1602 lew1611 roseless1611 Hippocratical1615 cadaverousa1661 Hippocratic1681 smock-faced1684 white-looked1690 livid1728 as white (or pale) as a sheet1752 squalid1753 deathly1791 etiolated1791 light-skinned1802 suety1803 shilpit1813 blanched1828 tallowy1830 suet-faced1834 pasty1836 tallowish1838 whey-faced1847 pasty-faced1848 aghast1850 waxen1853 complexionless1863 light-skin1877 lily-cheeked1877 lardy1879 wan-faced1881 exsanguinous1889 wheatish1950 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II iii. iii. 97 Ten thousand bloudy crownes of mothers sonnes, Shall..Change the complexion of her maid-pale peace, To scarlet indignation. View more context for this quotation C2. † maid-fish n. Obsolete = sense 8. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > subclass Elasmobranchii > order Hypotremata > [noun] > family Rajidae > member of genus Raia (skate) skatec1340 flathec1440 maid1569 maid-fish1665 flair1668 maiden-skatea1795 skate maid1836 tinker1836 flapper-skate1839 roker1860 rajoid1890 the world > animals > fish > subclass Elasmobranchii > order Hypotremata > [noun] > family Rajidae > raia clavata (thornback) thornbackc1300 maid1569 fork-fish1601 rock ray1611 maid-fish1665 thorn-but1668 thorny-back1811 roker1860 thornback ray1862 the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > subclass Actinopterygii > order Clupeiformes > [noun] > family Clupeidae and herrings > member of genus Alosa (shad) > alosa finta (twait shad) maid1569 twaita1609 maid-fish1665 May fish1836 1665 in D. Yaxley Researcher's Gloss. Hist. Documents E. Anglia (2003) 127 1 tornbacke 10 made Fish. 1774 R. Morris Diary 9 Mar. in Radical Adventurer (1971) 148 There are also a few Maid-fish, & a vast number of marine productions. 1810 Splendid Follies I. 130 Distorting her countenance to the semblance of a maid-fish. † maids' ale n. Obsolete rare the festival of the maidens' guild. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > social event > festive occasion > specific festivities > [noun] > other festivities hoppingc1330 hocking1406 church ale1448 bid-alec1462 kirk-ale1543 maids' ale1547 quaff-tide1582 help-ale1587 clerk-ale1627 Chinese New Year1704 Rasa-yatra1767 spring festival1788 souling1813 gooding1818 walking day1826 yatra1827 triacontaëterid1839 pwe1842 Thomasing1847 hocking-ale1854 Mary-ale1857 Oktoberfest1859 Marymass1866 club-walking1874 Lag b'Omer1874 full moon festival1876 beerfest1877 Tanabata1880 Moon Festival1892 bierfest1908 sausage fest1908 Zar1931 rara1941 mas'1956 molimo1960 Kwanzaa1970 1547 in E. Hobhouse Churchwardens' Accts. (1890) [Received from] The maydes ayll xxijs vjd. maid service n. the service of a chambermaid to clean and tidy in a hotel room, apartment, etc. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > service > servant > personal or domestic servant > domestic servant > [noun] > maid or housemaid > maid service maid service1951 1951 N.Y. Times 28 Oct. viii. 19 (advt.) Shamrock apartment hotel... Maid service. 1969 ‘O. Bleeck’ Brass Go-between (1970) vi. 69 In addition to daily maidservice, the Adelphi offered a restaurant and bar. 2007 Evening Standard (London) (Nexis) 11 July A51 Ibizan pads all with private pools,..satellite television, DVD and maid service. † maid's hair n. Obsolete the plant lady's bedstraw, Galium verum. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Rubiaceae or Galiaceae (bedstraw, etc.) > [noun] wild madderc1450 crudwort15.. Our Lady bedstraw1527 Our Lady's bedstraw1543 galion1548 maidenhair1548 purple goose-grass1548 cheese renning1578 crosswort1578 golden mugget1578 petty mugget1578 lady's bedstraw1585 maid's hair1597 cheese rennet1599 runnet1678 field madder1684 mugweed1690 rondeletia1739 Richardia1755 petty madder1760 madderlen1770 galium1785 Sherardia1785 joint-grass1790 mugwort1796 bluet1818 bedstraw1820 madderwort1845 hundredfold1853 honeywort1863 1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 968 In English our Ladies Bedstraw, Cheese renning, Maides Haire, and petie Mugwet. 1657 W. Coles Adam in Eden cccxliii It is called..in English Ladies Bedstraw, and sometimes Maids haire, from the finenesse of the Leaves. † maid's sickness n. Obsolete rare = chlorosis n. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of blood > [noun] > deficiency of red cells > chlorosis green sickness1547 maid's sickness1633 white jaundice1655 chlorosis1660 greens1719 white jaundice1728 chloraemia1890 1633 J. Ford 'Tis Pitty shee's Whore iii. sig. F1 May bee 'tis but the Maides sicknesse, an ouer-fluxe of youth. Derivatives ˈmaid-like adj. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > service > servant > [adjective] > relating to female servants maid-like1606 ancillary1852 1606 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iv. 79 A Mars-like Courage in a Maid-like blush. 1839 P. J. Bailey Festus 24 Seven fair maidlike moons attending him Perfect his sky. 2007 Sunday Age (Melbourne) (Nexis) 13 May m12 Glossy satins and beaded silks;..and maid-like, mini cocktail frocks in black-and-white at Gail Sorronda. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † maidn.² Origin: Perhaps a borrowing from Arabic. Etymon: Arabic maydī. Etymology: Perhaps < Arabic maydī medin n. Obsolete. = medin n. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > foreign coins > [noun] > other coins of Middle Eastern countries drachm1554 medin1583 sherifi1615 maida1690 qursh1727 dirham1788 fils1826 pentecontadrachm1827 prutah1874 halala1961 a1690 S. Jeake Λογιστικηλογία (1696) 134 At..Alexandria, They accompt by Ducats, either Ducat de Pargo, of 120 Maids,..or Italian Ducat of 35 Maids. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2000; most recently modified version published online June 2020). maidv. Brit. /meɪd/, U.S. /meɪd/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: maid n.¹ Etymology: < maid n.¹ 1. transitive. English regional. To wash clothes with a ‘maiden’ (maiden n. 7b). Cf. maidening n. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing clothes and textile articles > wash clothes [verb (transitive)] washc900 scour1467 neta1661 laundry1880 maid1882 1882 E. L. Chamberlain Gloss. W. Worcs. Words Add. 36 Maid, (1) the wooden instrument used by laundresses..(2) to use the above. 2. transitive. To do the work of a maid for, act as a maid for (a person). ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > service > servant > personal or domestic servant > domestic servant > be in domestic service [verb (intransitive)] > do duties of maid maid1909 society > authority > subjection > service > servant > personal or domestic servant > attendant or personal servant > attend upon as servant [verb (transitive)] > as maid lady's-maid1865 maid1909 1909 R. Hichens Bella Donna xxi. 228 I must learn to maid you. 1929 ‘R. Oke’ Frolic Wind v. 83 It was, of course, certainly untrue that she had a fourth to maid her. 1934 A. Christie Murder on Orient Express iii. iv. 219 Susanne..used to look after my clothes and maid me. 1949 C. H. B. Kitchin Cornish Fox xi. 164 What would happen to the Colonel after the wedding?.. Upton wouldn't be at all pleased if Delia continued to ‘maid’ her father from Southview. 3. intransitive. To do the work of a maid (for a person); to act as a maid. Also (in extended use): to act as a prostitute's assistant (slang). (In quots. in present participle only.) ΚΠ 1936 M. Mitchell Gone with the Wind iv. 63 My Prissy been maidin' fo' Miss India fo' a year now. 1958 V. P. Johns Servant's Probl. i. 11 During the two months I've been maiding for Mr. Atterbury, one or the other of them have been in every day. 1987 F. Wyndham Other Garden viii. 91 The Fabulous One is maiding for me at the moment. 2006 Time Out (Nexis) 3 May 22 I was maiding round the corner when I got the offer of this flat. Derivatives ˈmaiding n. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > service > servant > personal or domestic servant > attendant or personal servant > [noun] > lady's maid > action or condition of abigailship1849 lady's-maiding1877 maiding1882 1882 E. L. Chamberlain Gloss. W. Worcs. Words Add. 36 Maiding-tub. 1900 A. W. Pinero Gay Ld. Quex i. 14 And when I got sick of maiding, I went to Dundas's opposite, and served three years at the hairdressing. 1921 Chambers's Jrnl. 1 Jan. 73/1 If you require ‘maiding’, you tell the lady of the bureau of your floor, and she supplies you with an attendant. 1955 ‘C. H. Rolph’ Women of Streets vi. 78 Maiding to a prostitute is a definite job. 1993 Sunday Times 11 Apr. v. 1/1 ‘Maiding’..is answering the phone for another girl who is working as a prostitute. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹a1225n.²a1690v.1882
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maidn.1

Compounds

Derivatives

† maidn.2

maidv.

Derivatives

maidn.¹

† maidn.²