† magnificadj.

Forms: late Middle English magnyfyque, 1500s magnifik, 1500s magnifike, 1500s–1700s magnifick, 1500s–1800s magnific, 1500s–1800s magnifique, 1600s magnificke; Scottish pre-1700 magnefeik, pre-1700 magnifick, pre-1700 magnificque, pre-1700 magnifict, pre-1700 magnifik, pre-1700 magnifike, pre-1700 magnifique, pre-1700 1700s–1800s magnific.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French magnifique; Latin magnificus.

Etymology: < Middle French, French magnifique prodigal, sumptuous, lofty in style, splendid (1265 in Old French) and its etymon classical Latin magnificus splendid, excellent, boastful (compare magnifico n. and adj.) < magni- magni- comb. form + -ficus -fic suffix.Some examples of the 18th- and 19th-cent. spelling magnifique imply a secondary borrowing from French, and the semi-naturalized pronunciation /ˌmanjɪˈfiːk/: compare quot. 1823 at sense 5, and compare magnifique adj. for examples of the French word as a non-assimilated item in English contexts. N.E.D. (1904) gives the pronunciation as (mægni·fik) /mæɡˈnɪfɪk/.

Obsolete.

1. Renowned, glorious. Cf. magnificent adj. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > fame or renown > famous or eminent person > [adjective]

mereeOE

athelOE

couthOE

brightOE

namecundc1175

outnumenc1175

noble?c1225

ketec1275

sheenc1275

tirfulc1275

glorious13..

losedc1305

of great renownc1330

glorifieda1340

worthly or worthy in wonea1350

clearc1374

nameda1382

solemna1387

renomeda1393

famous?a1400

renomé?a1400

renowneda1400

notedc1400

of (great, high, etc.) name?c1430

celebrate?1440

namely1440

famosec1449

honourable?c1450

notedc1450

parent?c1450

glorificatec1460

heroical?a1475

insignite?a1475

magnific1490

well-fameda1492

exemie1497

singular1497

preclare1503

magnificential1506

laureate1508

illustre?a1513

illustred1512

magnificent1513

preclared1530

grand1542

celebrated1549

heroicc1550

lustrantc1550

magnifical1557

illustrate1562

expectablec1565

ennobled1571

laurel1579

nominated1581

famosed1582

perspicuous1582

big1587

famed1595

uplifted1596

illustrious1598

celebrousc1600

luculent1600

celebrious1604

fameful1605

famoused1606

renownful1606

bruitful1609

eminent1611

insignious1620

clarousa1636

far-fameda1640

top1647

grandee1648

signalized1652

noscible1653

splendid1660

voiced1661

gloried1671

laurelled1683

distinguished1714

distinct1756

lustrious1769

trumpeted1775

spiry1825

world-famous1832

galactic1902

tycoonish1958

mega1987

1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos vi. 25 This gentylman was..of name magnyfyque.

1512 Helyas in W. J. Thoms Early Eng. Prose Romances (1858) III. 38 The magnifike and excellent lignage.

1521 in H. Bradshaw Lyfe St. Werburge 2nd balade sig. s.iii^v Diuers of thy kynne magnifique Redact in the catholique papall.

1622 J. Taylor Mem. All Eng. Monarchs ii. sig. F3 In peace and warre, Magnifique, Glorious.

1669 T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. I ii. vii. 85 This Adramelech signifies a magnific King.

2. Sumptuous, splendid; = magnificent adj. 3, 4.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > beauty > splendour > [adjective] > magnificent

lordlylOE

richc1275

prouda1300

noblec1300

gloriousc1315

reala1325

rialc1330

stouta1350

solemnc1386

royalc1400

pompousc1425

statelyc1425

lordlike1488

magnific1490

of state1498

magnificenta1530

pompatic1535

magnificala1538

princely1539

gorgeous?1542

regal1561

superbious?1566

surly1566

splendent1567

heroical1577

superbous1581

sumptuous1594

pompatical1610

pompal1616

fastidious1638

grand1673

splendid1685

grandific1727

grandiose1818

splendiferous1827

splendacious1843

magnolious1863

the mind > emotion > pride > ostentation > splendour, magnificence, or pomp > [adjective]

wlonkOE

kine-wurtheOE

reala1325

rialc1330

royalc1400

wlonkfulc1400

statelyc1415

pompousc1425

imperial?1435

pontificalc1440

sumptuous1472

magnific1490

magnificenta1530

statelike1534

pompatic1535

magnificala1538

princely1539

portly1548

regal1561

queen-like?1571

haughty1585

portlike1587

Minerva-like1598

lustrous1605

pompatical1610

pontificial1613

commandinga1616

pompal1616

grand1622

splendid1624

pontifician1629

regifical1656

queenly1791

presidential1804

angeliferous1837

slashing1854

sultanesque1862

pageanted1902

1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos xvi. 60 For whome folke of Moryenne haue..made an assemble magnyfyque of metes and of wynes for to a solempnelle feste.

1541 T. Elyot Image of Gouernance xxiii. f. 47^v Fynally the sayd foure hospitalles..were buylded on the ryuer of Tyber in the moste ample and magnifike facion.

1550 J. Coke Deb. Heraldes Eng. & Fraunce sig. Lij Considre the magnifique and decorate churches [of London].

a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1958) IX. 269 Cover not thy extortions with magnifique buildings, and sumptuous furniture.

1654 E. Wolley tr. ‘G. de Scudéry’ Curia Politiæ 38 Tis true, thy life must be short, but thy Hearse shall be the more Magnificke.

1730 J. Thomson Autumn in Seasons 132 The pillar'd dome, magnific, heav'd His ample roof.

1745 E. Young Consolation 44 And dare Earth's bold Inhabitants deny The sumptuous, the magnific Embassy A Moment's Audience?

1861 I. Taylor Spirit Hebr. Poetry 239 Objects held forth in vision, for a symbolic purpose, may be stupendous, or they may be magnific or splendid.

3. Of a composition (also with mixture of sense 4, of a title, an expression, etc.): serving to magnify or extol; highly honorific or eulogistic.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > [adjective] > of words or expressions

praisinga1382

laudablec1420

magnifical1533

magnific1548

commendatory1555

laudatory?1567

commendable1576

laudative1609

eulogiacal1654

eulogistic1825

eulogic1831

encomiastic1841

eulogious1887

1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Mark xii. 84 What with theyr magnifike and hye titles.

1641 J. Milton Reason Church-govt. 39 Those magnifick Odes and Hymns wherein Pindarus and Callimachus are in most things worthy, some others in their frame judicious, in their matter most an end faulty.

1644 J. Maxwell Sacro-sancta Regum Majestas 23 To say..that Soveraignty in the King is immediately from God by approbation or confirmation onely..doth not sort well with the magnifick expressions of Holy Scripture.

1649 Earl of Monmouth tr. J. F. Senault Use of Passions 355 The magnifique titles which Historians would give him in their Writings.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost v. 771 Thrones, Dominations, Princedomes, Vertues, Powers, If these magnific Titles yet remain Not meerly titular.

1715 L. Theobald Persian Princess ii. 24 If thou be'st a God of Pow'r, If those magnifick Attributes we give thee, Are not intirely Titular and Vain.

4. Imposing by vastness or dignity. Of language, an idea, etc.: exalted, sublime; (occasionally, depreciative) pompous, grandiloquent.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > ornateness > [adjective] > lofty or grandiloquent

magnificenta1460

statelya1525

magnifical1533

tragical1533

lofty1565

tragic1566

sublime1586

over-high1587

magnific1589

heroic1590

buskina1593

grandiloquous1593

full-mouthed1594

high-pitched1594

buskined1595

full-mouth1595

high-borne1596

altisonant1612

Roman1619

high-sounding1624

transcendent1631

magniloquent1640

loud1651

altiloquent1656

grandiloquent1656

largiloquent1656

altisonous1661

tall1670

elevate1673

grandisonous1674

sounding1683

exalted1684

grandisonant1684

grandific1727

magniloquous1727

orotund1799

superb1825

spread eagle1839

grandiose1840

magnisonanta1843

togated1868

elevated1875

mandarin1959

1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. v. 126 They be matter stately and high, and require a stile to be lift vp..by choyse of wordes..high, loftie, eloquent, & magnifik in proportion.

1628 R. Le Grys tr. J. Barclay Argenis i. 57 A man of no common presence, which a mighty confidence made appeare more magnifique.

c1663 Hist. Estate Scotl. in D. Laing Misc. Wodrow Soc. (1844) 56 The Bishop sang a magnifick Mass.

1676 J. Glanvill Ess. iii. 16 Astronomy, one of the grandest and most magnifique of all those that lie within the compass of Natural Inquiry.

1744 M. Akenside Pleasures Imagination iii. 140 He stalks, resounding in magnific phrase The vanity of riches.

1815 W. Wordsworth White Doe of Rylstone iii. 51 Magnific limbs of withered state,—A face to fear and venerate.

1817 S. T. Coleridge Satyrane's Lett. i, in Biogr. Lit. (1882) 240 He commenced the conversation in the most magnific style.

1837 T. C. Grattan in New Monthly Mag. 51 333 The magnific hill shooting far up above the clouds!

1864 Good Words 5 11/1 This magnific heaving of the bosom of the ocean.

1880 R. Browning Clive 34 Power..God's gift magnific, exercised for good or ill.

5. Nobly lavish or munificent; profuse in expenditure; = magnificent adj. 5.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > giving > liberal giving > [adjective]

custyeOE

room-handeda1200

largea1225

free?c1225

plenteousc1350

bounteousc1374

liberalc1384

free-hearteda1398

ungnedea1400

royalc1405

opena1425

plentifula1475

profuse?a1475

ungrighta1475

lavishc1475

almifluent1477

prodigous1477

frank1484

bountiful1508

largifluent?a1525

munificent1565

magnificent1577

largeous1583

munifical1583

magnifical1586

free-handed1592

frolic1593

open-handed1593

magnific?1594

prodigal1595

goodwillya1598

communicativea1602

real1602

prodig1605

unniggard1605

generous1615

open-hearteda1617

large-handeda1628

unniggardly1628

fluent1633

profusive1638

numerous1655

largifical1656

insordid1660

unsparing1667

dispensive1677

expensive1678

wasteful1701

flush1703

unboundeda1704

genteel1741

munific1745

magnifique1751

ungrudginga1774

unstinting1845

brickish1860

flaithulach1876

princely1889

outgiving1896

sharing1922

two-handed1929

?1594 W. Fowler Wks. II. 195 The King..was sollicite and carefull of honourable and magnifike rewardes, to be bestowed on..them.

1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. viii. iii. 392/1 And that this Kings zeale might be further seene, by his magnificke workes [etc.].

1617 W. Mure Misc. Poems xxi. 45 A liberall hand, a most magnifick hart.

1655 W. Lower tr. R. de Cerisiers Innocent Lord 141 He [sc. God] is just, if he ordain us punishment; he is magnifick, if he doth us good.

1759 Compl. Let.-writer (ed. 6) 225 The Considerable and the Magnifique in such Sorts of Assemblies.

1775 F. Burney Early Diary (1889) II. 110 He is handsome, tall, fat, upright, and magnifique.

1823 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto X lxx. 88 Juan, though careless, young, and magnifique, And rich in rubles, diamonds, cash, and credit, Who did not limit much his bills per week, Yet stared at this a little.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2000; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	magnific
释义	† magnificadj. Forms: late Middle English magnyfyque, 1500s magnifik, 1500s magnifike, 1500s–1700s magnifick, 1500s–1800s magnific, 1500s–1800s magnifique, 1600s magnificke; Scottish pre-1700 magnefeik, pre-1700 magnifick, pre-1700 magnificque, pre-1700 magnifict, pre-1700 magnifik, pre-1700 magnifike, pre-1700 magnifique, pre-1700 1700s–1800s magnific. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French magnifique; Latin magnificus. Etymology: < Middle French, French magnifique prodigal, sumptuous, lofty in style, splendid (1265 in Old French) and its etymon classical Latin magnificus splendid, excellent, boastful (compare magnifico n. and adj.) < magni- magni- comb. form + -ficus -fic suffix.Some examples of the 18th- and 19th-cent. spelling magnifique imply a secondary borrowing from French, and the semi-naturalized pronunciation /ˌmanjɪˈfiːk/: compare quot. 1823 at sense 5, and compare magnifique adj. for examples of the French word as a non-assimilated item in English contexts. N.E.D. (1904) gives the pronunciation as (mægni·fik) /mæɡˈnɪfɪk/. Obsolete. 1. Renowned, glorious. Cf. magnificent adj. 2. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > fame or renown > famous or eminent person > [adjective] mereeOE athelOE couthOE brightOE namecundc1175 outnumenc1175 noble?c1225 ketec1275 sheenc1275 tirfulc1275 glorious13.. losedc1305 of great renownc1330 glorifieda1340 worthly or worthy in wonea1350 clearc1374 nameda1382 solemna1387 renomeda1393 famous?a1400 renomé?a1400 renowneda1400 notedc1400 of (great, high, etc.) name?c1430 celebrate?1440 namely1440 famosec1449 honourable?c1450 notedc1450 parent?c1450 glorificatec1460 heroical?a1475 insignite?a1475 magnific1490 well-fameda1492 exemie1497 singular1497 preclare1503 magnificential1506 laureate1508 illustre?a1513 illustred1512 magnificent1513 preclared1530 grand1542 celebrated1549 heroicc1550 lustrantc1550 magnifical1557 illustrate1562 expectablec1565 ennobled1571 laurel1579 nominated1581 famosed1582 perspicuous1582 big1587 famed1595 uplifted1596 illustrious1598 celebrousc1600 luculent1600 celebrious1604 fameful1605 famoused1606 renownful1606 bruitful1609 eminent1611 insignious1620 clarousa1636 far-fameda1640 top1647 grandee1648 signalized1652 noscible1653 splendid1660 voiced1661 gloried1671 laurelled1683 distinguished1714 distinct1756 lustrious1769 trumpeted1775 spiry1825 world-famous1832 galactic1902 tycoonish1958 mega1987 1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos vi. 25 This gentylman was..of name magnyfyque. 1512 Helyas in W. J. Thoms Early Eng. Prose Romances (1858) III. 38 The magnifike and excellent lignage. 1521 in H. Bradshaw Lyfe St. Werburge 2nd balade sig. s.iii^v Diuers of thy kynne magnifique Redact in the catholique papall. 1622 J. Taylor Mem. All Eng. Monarchs ii. sig. F3 In peace and warre, Magnifique, Glorious. 1669 T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. I ii. vii. 85 This Adramelech signifies a magnific King. 2. Sumptuous, splendid; = magnificent adj. 3, 4. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beauty > splendour > [adjective] > magnificent lordlylOE richc1275 prouda1300 noblec1300 gloriousc1315 reala1325 rialc1330 stouta1350 solemnc1386 royalc1400 pompousc1425 statelyc1425 lordlike1488 magnific1490 of state1498 magnificenta1530 pompatic1535 magnificala1538 princely1539 gorgeous?1542 regal1561 superbious?1566 surly1566 splendent1567 heroical1577 superbous1581 sumptuous1594 pompatical1610 pompal1616 fastidious1638 grand1673 splendid1685 grandific1727 grandiose1818 splendiferous1827 splendacious1843 magnolious1863 the mind > emotion > pride > ostentation > splendour, magnificence, or pomp > [adjective] wlonkOE kine-wurtheOE reala1325 rialc1330 royalc1400 wlonkfulc1400 statelyc1415 pompousc1425 imperial?1435 pontificalc1440 sumptuous1472 magnific1490 magnificenta1530 statelike1534 pompatic1535 magnificala1538 princely1539 portly1548 regal1561 queen-like?1571 haughty1585 portlike1587 Minerva-like1598 lustrous1605 pompatical1610 pontificial1613 commandinga1616 pompal1616 grand1622 splendid1624 pontifician1629 regifical1656 queenly1791 presidential1804 angeliferous1837 slashing1854 sultanesque1862 pageanted1902 1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos xvi. 60 For whome folke of Moryenne haue..made an assemble magnyfyque of metes and of wynes for to a solempnelle feste. 1541 T. Elyot Image of Gouernance xxiii. f. 47^v Fynally the sayd foure hospitalles..were buylded on the ryuer of Tyber in the moste ample and magnifike facion. 1550 J. Coke Deb. Heraldes Eng. & Fraunce sig. Lij Considre the magnifique and decorate churches [of London]. a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1958) IX. 269 Cover not thy extortions with magnifique buildings, and sumptuous furniture. 1654 E. Wolley tr. ‘G. de Scudéry’ Curia Politiæ 38 Tis true, thy life must be short, but thy Hearse shall be the more Magnificke. 1730 J. Thomson Autumn in Seasons 132 The pillar'd dome, magnific, heav'd His ample roof. 1745 E. Young Consolation 44 And dare Earth's bold Inhabitants deny The sumptuous, the magnific Embassy A Moment's Audience? 1861 I. Taylor Spirit Hebr. Poetry 239 Objects held forth in vision, for a symbolic purpose, may be stupendous, or they may be magnific or splendid. 3. Of a composition (also with mixture of sense 4, of a title, an expression, etc.): serving to magnify or extol; highly honorific or eulogistic. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > [adjective] > of words or expressions praisinga1382 laudablec1420 magnifical1533 magnific1548 commendatory1555 laudatory?1567 commendable1576 laudative1609 eulogiacal1654 eulogistic1825 eulogic1831 encomiastic1841 eulogious1887 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Mark xii. 84 What with theyr magnifike and hye titles. 1641 J. Milton Reason Church-govt. 39 Those magnifick Odes and Hymns wherein Pindarus and Callimachus are in most things worthy, some others in their frame judicious, in their matter most an end faulty. 1644 J. Maxwell Sacro-sancta Regum Majestas 23 To say..that Soveraignty in the King is immediately from God by approbation or confirmation onely..doth not sort well with the magnifick expressions of Holy Scripture. 1649 Earl of Monmouth tr. J. F. Senault Use of Passions 355 The magnifique titles which Historians would give him in their Writings. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost v. 771 Thrones, Dominations, Princedomes, Vertues, Powers, If these magnific Titles yet remain Not meerly titular. View more context for this quotation 1715 L. Theobald Persian Princess ii. 24 If thou be'st a God of Pow'r, If those magnifick Attributes we give thee, Are not intirely Titular and Vain. 4. Imposing by vastness or dignity. Of language, an idea, etc.: exalted, sublime; (occasionally, depreciative) pompous, grandiloquent. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > ornateness > [adjective] > lofty or grandiloquent magnificenta1460 statelya1525 magnifical1533 tragical1533 lofty1565 tragic1566 sublime1586 over-high1587 magnific1589 heroic1590 buskina1593 grandiloquous1593 full-mouthed1594 high-pitched1594 buskined1595 full-mouth1595 high-borne1596 altisonant1612 Roman1619 high-sounding1624 transcendent1631 magniloquent1640 loud1651 altiloquent1656 grandiloquent1656 largiloquent1656 altisonous1661 tall1670 elevate1673 grandisonous1674 sounding1683 exalted1684 grandisonant1684 grandific1727 magniloquous1727 orotund1799 superb1825 spread eagle1839 grandiose1840 magnisonanta1843 togated1868 elevated1875 mandarin1959 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. v. 126 They be matter stately and high, and require a stile to be lift vp..by choyse of wordes..high, loftie, eloquent, & magnifik in proportion. 1628 R. Le Grys tr. J. Barclay Argenis i. 57 A man of no common presence, which a mighty confidence made appeare more magnifique. c1663 Hist. Estate Scotl. in D. Laing Misc. Wodrow Soc. (1844) 56 The Bishop sang a magnifick Mass. 1676 J. Glanvill Ess. iii. 16 Astronomy, one of the grandest and most magnifique of all those that lie within the compass of Natural Inquiry. 1744 M. Akenside Pleasures Imagination iii. 140 He stalks, resounding in magnific phrase The vanity of riches. 1815 W. Wordsworth White Doe of Rylstone iii. 51 Magnific limbs of withered state,—A face to fear and venerate. 1817 S. T. Coleridge Satyrane's Lett. i, in Biogr. Lit. (1882) 240 He commenced the conversation in the most magnific style. 1837 T. C. Grattan in New Monthly Mag. 51 333 The magnific hill shooting far up above the clouds! 1864 Good Words 5 11/1 This magnific heaving of the bosom of the ocean. 1880 R. Browning Clive 34 Power..God's gift magnific, exercised for good or ill. 5. Nobly lavish or munificent; profuse in expenditure; = magnificent adj. 5. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > giving > liberal giving > [adjective] custyeOE room-handeda1200 largea1225 free?c1225 plenteousc1350 bounteousc1374 liberalc1384 free-hearteda1398 ungnedea1400 royalc1405 opena1425 plentifula1475 profuse?a1475 ungrighta1475 lavishc1475 almifluent1477 prodigous1477 frank1484 bountiful1508 largifluent?a1525 munificent1565 magnificent1577 largeous1583 munifical1583 magnifical1586 free-handed1592 frolic1593 open-handed1593 magnific?1594 prodigal1595 goodwillya1598 communicativea1602 real1602 prodig1605 unniggard1605 generous1615 open-hearteda1617 large-handeda1628 unniggardly1628 fluent1633 profusive1638 numerous1655 largifical1656 insordid1660 unsparing1667 dispensive1677 expensive1678 wasteful1701 flush1703 unboundeda1704 genteel1741 munific1745 magnifique1751 ungrudginga1774 unstinting1845 brickish1860 flaithulach1876 princely1889 outgiving1896 sharing1922 two-handed1929 ?1594 W. Fowler Wks. II. 195 The King..was sollicite and carefull of honourable and magnifike rewardes, to be bestowed on..them. 1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. viii. iii. 392/1 And that this Kings zeale might be further seene, by his magnificke workes [etc.]. 1617 W. Mure Misc. Poems xxi. 45 A liberall hand, a most magnifick hart. 1655 W. Lower tr. R. de Cerisiers Innocent Lord 141 He [sc. God] is just, if he ordain us punishment; he is magnifick, if he doth us good. 1759 Compl. Let.-writer (ed. 6) 225 The Considerable and the Magnifique in such Sorts of Assemblies. 1775 F. Burney Early Diary (1889) II. 110 He is handsome, tall, fat, upright, and magnifique. 1823 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto X lxx. 88 Juan, though careless, young, and magnifique, And rich in rubles, diamonds, cash, and credit, Who did not limit much his bills per week, Yet stared at this a little. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2000; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.1490
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