machicolationn.

Brit.

/məˌtʃɪkəˈleɪʃn/, U.S.

/məˌtʃɪkəˈleɪʃən/

Forms: 1700s machecolation, 1700s– machicolation, 1800s macchicolation.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: post-classical Latin machicol- , -ation suffix.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin machicol- (see machicolated adj.) + -ation suffix. Sense 2 does not reflect medieval usage, and appears to be consequent from an improbable etymology given by A. Rees Cycl. (1819) XXI, s.v., as ‘from meche, a match or wick to preserve a fire, and couler, to flow’.

1. Architecture. An opening between the corbels which support a projecting defensive parapet, or in the floor of a gallery or the roof of a portal, through which combustibles, molten lead, stones, etc., could be dropped upon assailants below. Also: a projecting structure having a range of such openings.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > defensive walls > [noun] > machicolation

machecolinga1460

machicolation1773

machicoulis1793

society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > defensive walls > [noun] > galleries or projecting structures

machicolation1773

machicoulis1793

hoarding1865

1773 F. Grose Antiq. Eng.& Wales I. Cumberland Pl. x Round the top of the walls run brackets, such as usually support machicolations.

1787 Brief Hist. Dover-Castle 74 Near the end of the passage there was a machecolation in the wall for pouring out scalding water, burning sand, [etc.].., upon the heads of the assailants.

1788 F. Grose Mil. Antiq. II. 336 The grand entrance was mostly through a gate flanked by two large and strong towers, with a projection over the passage, called a machicolation.

1806 J. Dallaway Observ. Eng. Archit. 92 Lofty embattled walls..crested with hanging galleries and macchicolations which served the double purpose of military defence and great external beauty.

1832 G. Downes Lett. from Continental Countries I. 521 The antique castle is furnished with a machicolation.

1848 J. H. Parker Rickman's Styles Archit. Eng. (ed. 5) 119 Wakefield steeple..is singular for its machicolations in the top of the tower.

1871 M. E. Braddon Lovels v. 87 The crenellated roof, with its machicolations, is considered a great success.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 371/2 The exterior is diversified by arched recesses forming machicolations.

1951 H. Braun Introd. Eng. Mediaeval Archit. xiv. 259 ‘Drop-boxes’..are used for the same purpose as the machicolations of a parapet: that is, to drop offensive material upon individuals engaged in hostile operations at the base of the wall below.

1986 P. L. Fermor Between Woods & Water iv. 115 Towers, clustering at different heights, some square and some round and all of them frilled with machicolations.

†2. The action of discharging stones, etc., through such openings. Obsolete. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΚΠ

1828 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Machicolation, in old castles, the pouring of hot substances through apertures in the upper part of the gate upon assailants; or the apertures themselves.

1890 Cent. Dict. Machicolation, an opening in the vault of a portal..made for the purpose of hurling missiles... The act of hurling missiles or of pouring burning liquids upon an enemy through apertures such as those described above.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	machicolation
释义	machicolationn. Brit. /məˌtʃɪkəˈleɪʃn/, U.S. /məˌtʃɪkəˈleɪʃən/ Forms: 1700s machecolation, 1700s– machicolation, 1800s macchicolation. Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: post-classical Latin machicol- , -ation suffix. Etymology: < post-classical Latin machicol- (see machicolated adj.) + -ation suffix. Sense 2 does not reflect medieval usage, and appears to be consequent from an improbable etymology given by A. Rees Cycl. (1819) XXI, s.v., as ‘from meche, a match or wick to preserve a fire, and couler, to flow’. 1. Architecture. An opening between the corbels which support a projecting defensive parapet, or in the floor of a gallery or the roof of a portal, through which combustibles, molten lead, stones, etc., could be dropped upon assailants below. Also: a projecting structure having a range of such openings. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > defensive walls > [noun] > machicolation machecolinga1460 machicolation1773 machicoulis1793 society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > defensive walls > [noun] > galleries or projecting structures machicolation1773 machicoulis1793 hoarding1865 1773 F. Grose Antiq. Eng.& Wales I. Cumberland Pl. x Round the top of the walls run brackets, such as usually support machicolations. 1787 Brief Hist. Dover-Castle 74 Near the end of the passage there was a machecolation in the wall for pouring out scalding water, burning sand, [etc.].., upon the heads of the assailants. 1788 F. Grose Mil. Antiq. II. 336 The grand entrance was mostly through a gate flanked by two large and strong towers, with a projection over the passage, called a machicolation. 1806 J. Dallaway Observ. Eng. Archit. 92 Lofty embattled walls..crested with hanging galleries and macchicolations which served the double purpose of military defence and great external beauty. 1832 G. Downes Lett. from Continental Countries I. 521 The antique castle is furnished with a machicolation. 1848 J. H. Parker Rickman's Styles Archit. Eng. (ed. 5) 119 Wakefield steeple..is singular for its machicolations in the top of the tower. 1871 M. E. Braddon Lovels v. 87 The crenellated roof, with its machicolations, is considered a great success. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 371/2 The exterior is diversified by arched recesses forming machicolations. 1951 H. Braun Introd. Eng. Mediaeval Archit. xiv. 259 ‘Drop-boxes’..are used for the same purpose as the machicolations of a parapet: that is, to drop offensive material upon individuals engaged in hostile operations at the base of the wall below. 1986 P. L. Fermor Between Woods & Water iv. 115 Towers, clustering at different heights, some square and some round and all of them frilled with machicolations. †2. The action of discharging stones, etc., through such openings. Obsolete. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΚΠ 1828 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Machicolation, in old castles, the pouring of hot substances through apertures in the upper part of the gate upon assailants; or the apertures themselves. 1890 Cent. Dict. Machicolation, an opening in the vault of a portal..made for the purpose of hurling missiles... The act of hurling missiles or of pouring burning liquids upon an enemy through apertures such as those described above. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1773
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