lyingn.1
/ˈlʌɪɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈlaɪɪŋ/ 1. † b. spec. The state of being buried; concrete place of sepulture. Obsolete.attributive.c1834 N. P. Willis in G. Paston Little Mem. 19th C. (1902) 176 His [Disraeli's] eye..has the most mocking lying-in-wait expression conceivable.1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VII. 460 If a change from the lying-down to the sitting-up position is rapidly made.
a. The action of lie v.1 in various senses; resting, reclining, remaining in deposit, †being sick, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > [noun]
unhealc700
untrumnessc897
adleeOE
sicknessc967
cothec1000
unhealthc1000
woe?a1200
ail?c1225
lying?c1225
maladyc1275
unsoundc1275
feebless1297
languora1375
languishc1384
disease1393
aegritudea1400
lamea1400
maleasea1400
soughta1400
wilc1400
malefaction?a1425
firmityc1426
unwholesomenessc1449
ill1450
languenta1500
distemperancea1535
the valley of the shadow of death1535
affect?1537
affection?1541
distemperature1541
inability1547
sickliness1565
languishment1576
cause1578
unhealthfulness1589
crazedness1593
languorment1593
evilness1599
strickenness1599
craziness1602
distemper1604
unsoundness1605
invaletude1623
unhealthiness1634
achaque1647
unwellness1653
disailment1657
insalubrity1668
faintiness1683
queerness1687
invalidity1690
illness1692
ill health1698
ailment1708
illing1719
invalescence1724
peakingness1727
sickishness1727
valetudinariness1742
ailingness1776
brash1786
invalidism1794
poorliness1814
diseasement1826
invalidship1830
valetudinarianism1839
ailing1862
invalidhood1863
megrims1870
pourriture1890
immersement1903
bug1918
condition1920
the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of lying down or reclining > [noun]
lairc893
lying?c1225
reclination1556
discubation1641
discumbing1641
decumbence1646
decumbency1646
discumbency1646
recubation1646
recumbency1646
discumbiture1655
discubiture1656
discumbence1656
decubation1664
decumbiture1670
recumbence1670
decubitus1879
the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > sleep > bed related to sleep or rest > [noun] > action of going to bed or lying down
lying?c1225
bed-ganga1300
bed-gatec1440
down-lying1534
recourse1590
retirement1679
the world > time > change > absence of change, changelessness > lasting quality, permanence > [noun] > act of remaining
remaining1496
remansion1598
lyinga1616
perseverance1657
keeping1780
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > non-use > [noun] > condition or fact of being unused
lyinga1616
unusedness1865
inusitateness1888
the world > space > place > position or situation > [noun] > fact of being in
beingc1330
ubiation1624
lying1634
ubication1635
the world > movement > absence of movement > [noun] > condition of remaining in one place
fixure1603
stability1625
fixedness1647
lying1683
stationariness1727
fixation1894
staticness1940
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 5 Flesc for gan oðer fisch & alle oðere swiche þinges. of werunge. of liggunge. of hures. of oðere beoden.
c1380 Eng. Wycliffite Serm. in Sel. Wks. I. 141 For boþe Cristis liynge in þe sepulcre and his dwellinge here in erþe was litil tyme.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 6686 Þe smiter sal quite his lechyng, And þe scath of his liging.
a1425 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Galba) l. 29091 Þe thrid chastiyng..Sighing, wepeing, and ill liging.
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. BBBii Soft lyeng, soft weryng, or moche fedyng of delicate meates.
a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) i. i. 150 'Tis a commodity wil lose the glosse with lying: The longer kept, the lesse worth. View more context for this quotation
1634 Lease by R. Kenward to W. Deane verso (MS.) I..would never have bought it but for the convenient lying of it to my other ground.
1683 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises II. 29 I us'd to make them of Sugar-Chest; That Stuff being commonly well-season'd, by the long lying of the Sugar in it.
1726 G. Leoni tr. L. B. Alberti Architecture I. 34/1 Liquify'd by long lying in the Water.
1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VI. 574 This situation [of a bed sore] is determined..by the lying of the paralytic on that side.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > death > disposal of corpse > burial > grave or burial-place > [noun]
buriels854
througheOE
burianOE
graveOE
lairc1000
lair-stowc1000
lich-restc1000
pitOE
grass-bedOE
buriness1175
earth housec1200
sepulchrec1200
tombc1300
lakec1320
buriala1325
monumenta1325
burying-place1382
resting placea1387
sepulturea1387
beda1400
earth-beda1400
longhousea1400
laystow1452
lying1480
delfa1500
worms' kitchen?a1500
bier1513
laystall1527
funeral?a1534
lay-bed1541
restall1557
cellarc1560
burying-grave1599
pit-hole1602
urn1607
cell1609
hearse1610
polyandrum1627
requietory1631
burial-place1633
mortuary1654
narrow cell1686
ground-sweat1699
sacred place1728
narrow house1792
plot1852
narrow bed1854
1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. ccxxx. 244 Kyng Edward chese his sepulture and his lyggyng at Westmynster.
a1676 S. Gunton Hist. Church Peterburgh (1686) 77 The Heralds..appointed..the place for the body to be Interred, which was devised over against the lying of Queen Katherine.
c. with adverb or adverbial phrase (see lie v.1 Phrasal verbs). Also lying-in n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of lying down or reclining > [noun] > reclining posture
lying1647
recline1753
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Rom. ix. 10 Rebecca, of o liggynge by hauynge tweye sones of Ysaac, our fadir.
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1876) VI. 93 Bote wiþ som manere rouschelynge þat he made in ligynge adoun his felowe awook.
1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 333/2 He hadde Subtylytee for teschewe the lyggynge in a wayte of his enemyes.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 239/2 Lying in wayte, aguaytance.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 423 I am upon my lieng downe, as a woman that is nere her tyme.
1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 87 From thence to the lying out of the mountaine Pyrenæus, Aquitania.
1611 Bible (King James) Psalms cxxxix. 3 Thou compassest my path, and my lying downe. View more context for this quotation
1611 Bible (King James) Acts xx. 19 Many teares, and temptations, which befell me by the lying in wait [ Tindale layinges awayte] of the Iewes. View more context for this quotation
1624 P. Massinger Bond-man ii. i. sig. D2 There's a sport too Nam'd lying Perdieu..Which you must learne to play at.
1647 T. Fuller Good Thoughts in Worse Times i. vi. 12 This lying along is an improper posture for piety.
1711 W. Sutherland Ship-builders Assistant 115 B. is the Fore-top-sail braced back, which is done..to stop her way, term'd Lying-by.
1711 London Gaz. No. 4910/2 The Admiral thought it proper..to make the Signal for lying by.
1792 C. Smith Desmond II. 121 You have accused me of lying by in Company.
2. concrete. With qualification (as dry, soft, warm, etc., lying): Accommodation for repose.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > by habitat > habitat > [noun] > dwelling place or shelter
houseOE
denOE
holdc1275
lying-placea1382
coucha1398
homea1398
logis1477
starting-hole1530
cabbage1567
lodge1567
lair1575
lay1590
squat1590
hover1602
denning1622
start-holea1641
bed1694
niche1725
shed1821
lying1834
basking-hole1856
lie1869
homesite1882
holt1890
lying-ground1895
1834 T. De Quincey Travelling in Eng. in Tait's Edinb. Mag. Suppl. No. 798/2 It was a subject of gratitude..to dwell upon the soft lying which was to be found in that..morass.
1868 J. T. Nettleship Ess. Browning's Poetry vii. 262 A poet from his birth, nursed in Nature's softest lying.
1886 Weekly Times 6 Aug. 13/3 There is no finer feeding or warmer lying in Scotland.
1898 Westm. Gaz. 20 May 10/2 Dry lying—a dry bed at night—is..essential to the welfare of deer.
Compounds
C1. General attributive.
lying-ground n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > by habitat > habitat > [noun] > dwelling place or shelter
houseOE
denOE
holdc1275
lying-placea1382
coucha1398
homea1398
logis1477
starting-hole1530
cabbage1567
lodge1567
lair1575
lay1590
squat1590
hover1602
denning1622
start-holea1641
bed1694
niche1725
shed1821
lying1834
basking-hole1856
lie1869
homesite1882
holt1890
lying-ground1895
1895 C. J. Cornish Wild Eng. Today 122 The paddock is a favourite lying ground for hares.
lying-place n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > by habitat > habitat > [noun] > dwelling place or shelter
houseOE
denOE
holdc1275
lying-placea1382
coucha1398
homea1398
logis1477
starting-hole1530
cabbage1567
lodge1567
lair1575
lay1590
squat1590
hover1602
denning1622
start-holea1641
bed1694
niche1725
shed1821
lying1834
basking-hole1856
lie1869
homesite1882
holt1890
lying-ground1895
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Prov. vii. 17 I ha sprengd my ligging place with myrre, and aloes.
1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Desbauger vn sanglier, to raise a wilde Bore from his lying place.
C2. † lying-house n. Obsolete (see quot. c1593).
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > punishment > imprisonment > prison > [noun]
quarternOE
prisona1200
jailc1275
lodgec1290
galleya1300
chartrea1325
ward1338
keepingc1384
prison-house1419
lying-house1423
javel1483
tollbooth1488
kidcotec1515
clinkc1530
warding-place1571
the hangman's budget1589
Newgate1592
gehenna1594
Lob's pound1597
caperdewsie1599
footman's inn1604
cappadochio1607
pena1640
marshalsea1652
log-house1662
bastille1663
naskin1673
state prison1684
tronk1693
stone-doublet1694
iron or stone doublet1698
college1699
nask1699
quod1699
shop1699
black hole1707
start1735
coop1785
blockhouse1796
stone jug1796
calaboose1797
factory1806
bull-pen1809
steel1811
jigger1812
jug1815
kitty1825
rock pile1830
bughouse1842
zindan1844
model1845
black house1846
tench1850
mill1851
stir1851
hoppet1855
booby hatch1859
caboose1865
cooler1872
skookum house1873
chokey1874
gib1877
nick1882
choker1884
logs1888
booby house1894
big house1905
hoosegow1911
can1912
detention camp1916
pokey1919
slammer1952
joint1953
slam1960
1423–4 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 271 Pro ligatur' pro hostio vocato trapdure supra lynghouse, 4d.; et pro seris et clavibus pro lynghouse, 20d.
c1593 in J. Raine Descr. Anc. Monuments Church of Durham (1842) 75 A strong prysonne call the Lynghouse [MS. Cos., Lyinge house].
lying-in-state n. (of the corpse of a public figure) being on display for public tribute before burial.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > death > obsequies > [noun] > lying in state
lying-in-state1923
1923 W. de la Mare Riddle 241 Positive constellations of candles as if for a Prince's..lying-in-state.
1947 M. Field Boys' & Girls' Film Bk. 67 When he died thousands of people went to his lying-in-state.
1972 Whitaker's Almanack 565/2 The Duke of Windsor's lying-in-state took place in St. George's Chapel, Windsor.
lying-press n. Printing = laying-press n. at laying n. Compounds 2.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > book > manufacture or production of books > book-binding > bookbinding equipment > [noun] > other equipment
backing-board1741
runner1818
sewing-frame1818
trindle1818
laying-press1835
gathering-table1841
gathering-board1874
pressing board1875
lying-press1876
1876 Encycl. Brit. IV. 43/1 By screwing the volume up in the lying-press.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
lyingn.2
/ˈlʌɪɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈlaɪɪŋ/ a. The action of lie v.2; the telling of lies. †In 16–17th centuries sometimes in plural.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > [noun] > telling of falsehoods, lying
leasingc950
fablinga1300
lyinga1300
menteryc1450
blanching1581
forgery1582
whetstone-leasing1598
Creticism1614
mentition1656
falsehood1662
storytelling1681
mendaciloquencec1710
fibbing1749
economy of truth1796
fibbery1857
a1300 Early Compl. Eng. Prose Psalter v. 7 (Egerton) Þou leses alle þat speke liyhinge.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 143 Him hit þingþ þet hit is al wynd and metinge and lyeȝynge.
1426 J. Lydgate tr. G. de Guileville Pilgrimage Life Man 13302 My condicioun ys to lye;..With lyyng I shal deceyue the.
?1577 J. Northbrooke Spiritus est Vicarius Christi: Treat. Dicing 44 If for ydle wordes, what for hurtfull wordes? what for lyings?
1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies v. xxviii. 412 The Divell..did steale all that he could from the trueth, to imploy it in his lyings and deceits.
1656 E. Reyner Rules Govt. Tongue 16 Lying is an ungodly, devilish and damnable practice.
1827 A. Opie (title) Illustrations of Lying in All its Branches.
1863 C. E. L. Riddell World in Church III. 41 Lying is the employment of the lower orders, and the recreation of the higher.
b. Alleged name for a ‘company’ of pardoners.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > other clergy > [noun] > pardoner > company of
lying1486
1486 Bk. St. Albans F vij A Lyeng of perdeneris.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
lyingadj.1
/ˈlʌɪɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈlaɪɪŋ/ a. That lies, or rests in a recumbent, extended, stationary or inert position; also, †absol. (Old English) dead.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of lying down or reclining > [adjective]
lyingc1000
couchant1601
prone1610
jacent1611
decumbent1656
cumbentc1660
recumbent1664
recline1667
procumbent1668
discumbent1693
reclining1748
couched1807
Récamier1904
Madame Récamier1913
the world > space > relative position > horizontal position or condition > [adjective] > lying flat
flatc1440
lyinga1450
prostrate1560
jacent1611
prone1785
c1000 Leg. St. Swithun etc. (Earle) (1861) 110 Þæt mægn þæs licgendan.
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Jer. xxxiii. 12 A dwelling place of shepperdus, of liggende flockus.
a1450 Fysshynge wyth Angle (1883) 16 The lying ground lyne with ovte floyte.
a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. (Rawl.) (1898) 224 The angry man Is wonyt to be of..a semely chyne and accordynge to the visage, and liggyne here.
1842 Ld. Tennyson Vision of Sin in Poems (new ed.) II. 213 Sitting, lying, languid shapes.
1862 R. Chambers Few Rambling Remarks Golf 14 The Short-spoon..is used for playing either good-lying or bad-lying balls.
1880 W. Carnegie Pract. Trapping 16 That most annoying eventuality, a ‘lying’ ferret.
b. Scottish. Of money, goods, etc.: Put by.
ΚΠ
1722 A. Ramsay Tale Three Bonnets i. 9 Your Claiths, your Lands, and lying Pelf.
1799 J. Robertson Gen. View Agric. Perth 386 We are not informed, what lying stock they have, what donations they have received [etc.].
Compounds
lying-dog n. a setter.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > other types of dog > [noun] > setter
setter1576
lying-dog1818
1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian xi, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. I. 317 As if a penalty was inflicted by statute for any man who suld hunt or hawk, or use lying-dogs.
lying-panel n. †(a) a panel which occupies the lowest place in a series; (b) a panel whose longest dimension, or one whose grain, lies horizontally.
ΚΠ
1678 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. vi. 106 The Lying Pannel, above the Base.
1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 226 Lying Panel, a Panel with the fibres of the wood disposed horizontally.
1842 J. Gwilt Encycl. Archit. Gloss. 995 Lying Panels, those wherein the fibres of the wood, or the grain of it, lie in an horizontal direction.
lying pipe n. (see quots.).
ΚΠ
1861 W. Fairbairn Iron 57 Calder Heating Apparatus... The apparatus consists of two parallel horizontal pipes..called technically the ‘lying pipes’.
1886 J. Barrowman Gloss. Sc. Mining Terms 43 Lying-pipes, the horizontal pipes in a lodgment.
lying shaft n. (see quot.).
ΚΠ
1886 J. Barrowman Gloss. Sc. Mining Terms 43 Lying-shaft, the shaft of an engine on the end of which the tumbling crank is fixed.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of grain > milling or grinding > [noun] > corn-mill > millstone > lower
ledger1533
ledger-millstone1548
lying-stone1674
1674 N. Fairfax Treat. Bulk & Selvedge 151 As certain a cause as is that, by which the runner in a Mill does not sink through the Lyingstone.
lying-storm n. Scottish a snowstorm when the snow lies.
ΚΠ
1787 J. Beattie Scoticisms 79 We use the word storm to signify a storm of snow, or snowy weather. We even speak of a lying storm.
1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm I. 298 Should the flakes be spicular and fall very thick and fast, then a heavy fall, or a ‘lying storm’..may be expected.
lying-wall n. Mining = footwall n. at foot n. and int. Compounds 3. (Raymond Mining Gloss.).
ΚΠ
1881 Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1880–1 9 153 Lying-wall, see Foot-wall.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
lyingadj.2
/ˈlʌɪɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈlaɪɪŋ/ 1. Of a person, his lips, etc.: That tells lies.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > [adjective]
leasea900
liec975
false?c1225
unsoothfasta1300
untruefulc1380
trothlessa1393
fickle-tongue1393
truthlessa1522
lying1535
fabling1548
forging1593
mendacious1616
soothless1803
storytelling1839
unveracious1845
fabricatory1855
untruthful1858
falsidical1866
leasing1873
inveracious1885
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms cxix. 2 Deliuer my soule (o Lorde) from lyenge lippes.
1594 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 ii. i. 130 Then Sander sit there, the lyingest knaue in Christendom.
1611 Bible (King James) Prov. x. 18 Hee that hideth hatred with lying lippes..is a foole. View more context for this quotation
1612 B. Jonson Alchemist iv. vii. sig. K4 Doe not beleeue him, Sir: He is the lying'st Swabber. View more context for this quotation
a1758 A. Ramsay Eagle & Robin 44 With a wickit lieand tung.
1886 W. J. Tucker Life E. Europe 158 A canting, lying, hypocritical set.
2. Of impersonal things: Untruthful, mendacious; hence, deceitful, false.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > [adjective] > of statement, etc.: untrue
falsec1175
lyinga1225
truthless1568
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > deception by illusion, delusion > [adjective]
lyinga1225
deceptoryc1430
mockinga1529
sleight1533
prestigious?1534
illudinga1547
fallible1552
delusory1588
prestigiatory1588
illusory1599
delusive1607
deceptiousa1616
deludinga1616
flatteringa1616
delusorious1625
fallacious1626
ludificatorya1677
illusive1679
will-o'-the-wisp1682
prestigiating1716
shama1721
false1768
deceptitious1827
deceptional1830
phantasm1834
will-o'-the-wispish1842
will-o'-the-wispy1857
illusionistic1911
illusional1942
a1225 Juliana 2 Ant of þis lihinde lif leade us..into þe eche of heouene.
a1340 R. Rolle Psalter i. 4 His worde sall noght..dissayuabile ne leghynge.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Jer. vii. 4 Trust not in false lyenge wordes.
1611 Bible (King James) Psalms xxxi. 6 I haue hated them that regard lying vanities. View more context for this quotation
1718 M. Prior Solomon on Vanity ii, in Poems Several Occasions (new ed.) 456 And slavish bards our mutual loves rehearse In lying strains.
1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. IV. xix. 322 It was much easier..to put forth a lying prospectus.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1?c1225
n.2a1300adj.1c1000adj.2a1225