Lydianadj.n.

Brit.

/ˈlɪdɪən/, U.S.

/ˈlɪdiən/

Etymology: < Latin Lȳdius, Greek Λύδιος + -an suffix.

A. adj.

1. Pertaining to the Lydians, a people of Asia Minor, or to their country, Lydia. Sometimes with allusion to the wealth of Crœsus king of Lydia.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Near East, Middle East, and Asia Minor > [adjective] > Asia Minor > specific lands

Pontic?1556

Aeolian1567

Hyrcan1567

Median1577

Albanian1578

Parthian1581

Lycaonian1582

Lydian1584

Anatolian1590

Cilician1597

Lycian1598

Hyrcanian1600

Cappadocian1607

Mysian1613

Chaldaic1662

Pergamenian1680

Sogdian1700

Chaldean1732

Carian1818

Pontine1832

Anatolic1853

Medic1869

Sumerian1874

Mitannian1897

Mitannite1911

1584 J. Lyly Sapho & Phao v. i This shaft is headed with Lidian steel.

c1620 T. Robinson Mary Magdalene (1899) i. ix. 68 To whome the Lydian wealth..is brought in lauish measure.

1629 P. Massinger Roman Actor i. iii. sig. C2^v We show no arts of Lidian Pandarisme.

1844 O. Cockayne in Proc. Philol. Soc. (1854) 1 275 The Lydian Hercules.

1901 Edinb. Rev. July 29 The earlier Lydian civilization was Asiatic rather than European.

2. spec. in Music.

a. The designation of one of the modes in ancient Greek music, characterized as soft and effeminate.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > pitch > system of sounds or intervals > [adjective] > ancient Greek modes

Ionic1579

Lydian1579

mixolydian1589

1579 E. K. in E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Oct. 27 Gloss. The Lydian and Ionique harmony.

1593 G. Harvey Pierces Supererogation 50 He regarded not the dainety Lydian, Ionian, or Æolian Melody.

1645 J. Milton L'Allegro in Poems 36 Lap me in soft Lydian Aires, Married to immortal verse.

1697 J. Dryden Alexander's Feast v. 5 Softly sweet, in Lydian Measures, Soon He sooth'd his Soul to Pleasures.

1807 J. Robinson Archæol. Græca v. xxiii. 534 In music..there were four principal νόμοι or modes: the Phrygian, the Lydian, the Doric, and the Ionic..The Phrygian mode was religious, the Lydian plaintive.

figurative.1664 S. Butler Hudibras: Second Pt. ii. i. 61 As skilful Coopers hoop their Tubs, With Lydian and with Phrygian Dubs.

b. The third of the authentic ecclesiastical modes, having F for its ‘final’, and C for its ‘dominant’.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > pitch > system of sounds or intervals > [adjective] > mode > medieval mode > authentic

authentical1597

authentic1609

Lydian1636

mixolydian1867

1636 C. Butler Princ. Musik i. i. 1 Dhe Lydian Moode is a grave, ful, solemn Musik in Discant, for dhe moste parte, of slow time.

1867 G. A. Macfarren Six Lect. Harmony i. 13 The Lydian is the third mode of Ambrose's selection.

3. Lydian-stone n. Mineralogy a black variety of jasper (basanite) used by jewellers as a touchstone for testing gold.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > metalworking equipment > [noun] > equipment for testing quality of metal

needle1469

touchstone1530

parting glass1594

proof needle1683

stroking needle1683

touch needle1683

Lydian-stone1720

scorifier1758

sebilla1839

sonometer1849

quantometer1927

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > mineral material > [noun] > basanite

Lydian-stone1720

basanite1794

lydite1816

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > tectosilicate > [noun] > quartz > basanite

Lydian-stone1720

basanite1794

lydite1816

1720 J. Strype Stow's Surv. of London (rev. ed.) II. vi. i. 11/1 Within the Rails before the High Altar, is a most noble and curious in-laid Floor..where..there be set these several Sorts of Stones, the Jasper,..Lydian,..and Serpentine.

1746–74 J. Hill tr. Theophrastus Περι τον Λιθον Βιβλιον 25 Others serve for the Trial of Metals, as that called the Heraclian or Lydian Stone.

1832 W. Macgillivray Trav. & Researches A. von Humboldt ii. 133 It did not exhibit the little veins of quartz so common in Lydian stone.

1879 F. Rutley Study of Rocks xiv. 293 Lydian-stone (basanite, touch-stone, kiesel~schiefer) is..an altered sandy slate.

B. n.

An inhabitant of Lydia. Also, the language of the Lydians.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Near East, Middle East, or Asia Minor > native or inhabitant of Iran, Iraq, or the Gulf > [noun]

MedeeOE

Persianc1375

Persec1384

Medianc1400

Lydian1545

Mesopotamian1553

Meccana1618

Ma'dan1792

Omanic1819

Iraqi1824

Yemenite1864

Sumerian1873

Akkadian1908

Yemeni1916

Marsh Arab1917

Medinese1922

Iraqian1923

Kuwaiti1928

Tehrani1939

Qatari1954

1545 R. Ascham Toxophilus i. f. 10 Yet after by the meane of one Pactyas a verye headie manne amonges the Lydians, they rebelled agaynste Cyrus agayne.

1696 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) at Lydia It falling to Tyrrhenus his lot, he went out with a great multitude of Lydians.

1735 Visct. Bolingbroke Lett. Study Hist. (1752) I. iii. 76 Herodotus..proposed to publish all he could learn of the antiquities of the Ionians, Lydians,..Medes, and Persians.

1886 M. F. Sheldon tr. G. Flaubert Salammbô 3 Some Lydians feasted arrayed in the robes..of women.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	lydian
释义	Lydianadj.n. Brit. /ˈlɪdɪən/, U.S. /ˈlɪdiən/ Etymology: < Latin Lȳdius, Greek Λύδιος + -an suffix. A. adj. 1. Pertaining to the Lydians, a people of Asia Minor, or to their country, Lydia. Sometimes with allusion to the wealth of Crœsus king of Lydia. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Near East, Middle East, and Asia Minor > [adjective] > Asia Minor > specific lands Pontic?1556 Aeolian1567 Hyrcan1567 Median1577 Albanian1578 Parthian1581 Lycaonian1582 Lydian1584 Anatolian1590 Cilician1597 Lycian1598 Hyrcanian1600 Cappadocian1607 Mysian1613 Chaldaic1662 Pergamenian1680 Sogdian1700 Chaldean1732 Carian1818 Pontine1832 Anatolic1853 Medic1869 Sumerian1874 Mitannian1897 Mitannite1911 1584 J. Lyly Sapho & Phao v. i This shaft is headed with Lidian steel. c1620 T. Robinson Mary Magdalene (1899) i. ix. 68 To whome the Lydian wealth..is brought in lauish measure. 1629 P. Massinger Roman Actor i. iii. sig. C2^v We show no arts of Lidian Pandarisme. 1844 O. Cockayne in Proc. Philol. Soc. (1854) 1 275 The Lydian Hercules. 1901 Edinb. Rev. July 29 The earlier Lydian civilization was Asiatic rather than European. 2. spec. in Music. a. The designation of one of the modes in ancient Greek music, characterized as soft and effeminate. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > pitch > system of sounds or intervals > [adjective] > ancient Greek modes Ionic1579 Lydian1579 mixolydian1589 1579 E. K. in E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Oct. 27 Gloss. The Lydian and Ionique harmony. 1593 G. Harvey Pierces Supererogation 50 He regarded not the dainety Lydian, Ionian, or Æolian Melody. 1645 J. Milton L'Allegro in Poems 36 Lap me in soft Lydian Aires, Married to immortal verse. 1697 J. Dryden Alexander's Feast v. 5 Softly sweet, in Lydian Measures, Soon He sooth'd his Soul to Pleasures. 1807 J. Robinson Archæol. Græca v. xxiii. 534 In music..there were four principal νόμοι or modes: the Phrygian, the Lydian, the Doric, and the Ionic..The Phrygian mode was religious, the Lydian plaintive. figurative.1664 S. Butler Hudibras: Second Pt. ii. i. 61 As skilful Coopers hoop their Tubs, With Lydian and with Phrygian Dubs. b. The third of the authentic ecclesiastical modes, having F for its ‘final’, and C for its ‘dominant’. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > pitch > system of sounds or intervals > [adjective] > mode > medieval mode > authentic authentical1597 authentic1609 Lydian1636 mixolydian1867 1636 C. Butler Princ. Musik i. i. 1 Dhe Lydian Moode is a grave, ful, solemn Musik in Discant, for dhe moste parte, of slow time. 1867 G. A. Macfarren Six Lect. Harmony i. 13 The Lydian is the third mode of Ambrose's selection. 3. Lydian-stone n. Mineralogy a black variety of jasper (basanite) used by jewellers as a touchstone for testing gold. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > metalworking equipment > [noun] > equipment for testing quality of metal needle1469 touchstone1530 parting glass1594 proof needle1683 stroking needle1683 touch needle1683 Lydian-stone1720 scorifier1758 sebilla1839 sonometer1849 quantometer1927 society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > mineral material > [noun] > basanite Lydian-stone1720 basanite1794 lydite1816 the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > tectosilicate > [noun] > quartz > basanite Lydian-stone1720 basanite1794 lydite1816 1720 J. Strype Stow's Surv. of London (rev. ed.) II. vi. i. 11/1 Within the Rails before the High Altar, is a most noble and curious in-laid Floor..where..there be set these several Sorts of Stones, the Jasper,..Lydian,..and Serpentine. 1746–74 J. Hill tr. Theophrastus Περι τον Λιθον Βιβλιον 25 Others serve for the Trial of Metals, as that called the Heraclian or Lydian Stone. 1832 W. Macgillivray Trav. & Researches A. von Humboldt ii. 133 It did not exhibit the little veins of quartz so common in Lydian stone. 1879 F. Rutley Study of Rocks xiv. 293 Lydian-stone (basanite, touch-stone, kiesel~schiefer) is..an altered sandy slate. B. n. An inhabitant of Lydia. Also, the language of the Lydians. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Near East, Middle East, or Asia Minor > native or inhabitant of Iran, Iraq, or the Gulf > [noun] MedeeOE Persianc1375 Persec1384 Medianc1400 Lydian1545 Mesopotamian1553 Meccana1618 Ma'dan1792 Omanic1819 Iraqi1824 Yemenite1864 Sumerian1873 Akkadian1908 Yemeni1916 Marsh Arab1917 Medinese1922 Iraqian1923 Kuwaiti1928 Tehrani1939 Qatari1954 1545 R. Ascham Toxophilus i. f. 10 Yet after by the meane of one Pactyas a verye headie manne amonges the Lydians, they rebelled agaynste Cyrus agayne. 1696 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) at Lydia It falling to Tyrrhenus his lot, he went out with a great multitude of Lydians. 1735 Visct. Bolingbroke Lett. Study Hist. (1752) I. iii. 76 Herodotus..proposed to publish all he could learn of the antiquities of the Ionians, Lydians,..Medes, and Persians. 1886 M. F. Sheldon tr. G. Flaubert Salammbô 3 Some Lydians feasted arrayed in the robes..of women. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1545
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