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单词 lunette
释义

lunetten.

Brit. /luːˈnɛt/, /ljuːˈnɛt/, U.S. /luˈnɛt/
Forms: Also 1600s–1700s in anglicized form lunet(t.
Etymology: < French lunette, diminutive of lune moon.
1. A little moon, a satellite. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > planet > primary planet > secondary planet, satellite > [noun] > small
moonet1644
lunette1645
subsatellite1817
moonlet1832
satelloid1865
microsatellite1962
1645 Bp. J. Hall Peace-maker x. 80 Our predecessors..could never have beleeved that there were such Lunets about some of the Planets, as our late Perspectives have descryed.
2. The figure of a crescent moon. Also attributive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > curvature > types of curvature > [noun] > crescent
lunary1610
sickle1657
crescent1672
lune1709
demilunea1734
lunette1774
semi-lune1862
1774 J. Bryant New Syst. II. p. iv Juno Samia Selenitis, standing in a lunette, and crowned with a lunette.
1787 M. Cutler Jrnl. 14 July in W. P. Cutler & J. P. Cutler Life, Jrnls. & Corr. M. Cutler (1888) I. 278 In this rock a flight of steps is cut, in a winding or kind of lunette form, from the road to the top of the hill.
3. Farriery. A horseshoe consisting of the front semicircular portion only. Also lunette-shoe.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > shoeing of horses > [noun] > horseshoe > types of horseshoe
remove1512
lunette1566
half-moon shoe1607
pancelet1607
plate1607
patten shoe1639
linnet-hole1662
cross-bar shoe1675
interfering shoe1678
pantofle shoe1696
panton shoe1696
cutting-shoe1711
skim1795
skimmer1801
bar-shoe1831
sandal1831
tip1831
racket1846
hipposandal1847
slipper1903
stumbling-shoe1908
mud-shoe1940
1566 T. Blundeville Order curing Horses Dis. f. 103v, in Fower Offices Horsemanshippe Pul of his shooes, & shoe him with halfe Mone shooes, called Lunette.
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 324/2 A Lunet shooe..is used for Horses that have weak Heels.
c1720 W. Gibson Farriers New Guide ii. xciv. 299 The Cure is..to shoe him with Lunets or Half-moon Shoes.
1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl.
1816 Sporting Mag. 47 27 A shoe in the form of the old lunette, or La Fosse's shoe.
1875 in E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II.
4. Architecture.
a. An arched aperture in a concave ceiling for the admission of light.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > types of window > [noun] > skylights, etc.
lucarne1548
shop light1602
skylight?c1660
bullock's-eye1728
lunette1742
roof light1763
light well1826
abat-jour1838
light shaft1870
dead-light1882
laylight1932
1742 G. Leoni Notes I. Jones in N. Dubois & G. Leoni tr. A. Palladio Architecture (ed. 3) I. i. 39/2 The manner of Arches are..a Rotonda G, a Lunette P, and a Conca N and K.
1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 114 Lunettes are used in large rooms or halls, and are made either in waggon-headed ceilings, or through large coves, surrounding a plane ceiling.
1842 J. Gwilt Encycl. Archit. Gloss. 995 Lunette, a cylindric, cylindrical, or spherical aperture in a ceiling.
b. A crescentiform or semicircular space in a ceiling, dome, etc., decorated with paintings or sculptures; a piece of decoration filling such a space.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > other elements > [noun] > sunk panel
coffer1664
lunette1722
cradle1823
lacunars1823
coffering1845
cassoon1850
lunetta1898
caisson-
1722 J. Richardson Acct. Statues Italy 117 The pictures are painted in a sort of Lunettes, form'd by a Semicircle within a Tall Arch ending in a Point, and [etc.].
1853 J. Ruskin Stones of Venice III. ii. 74 The painting which filled the lunette behind it [sc. a sarcophagus].
1857 A. Jameson Legends Madonna (ed. 2) Introd. 60 It is comprised in five lunettes round the ceiling.
1873 ‘Ouida’ Pascarèl I. 36 Above at a vast height there was a lunette with frescoes of the labours of Hercules.
1886 R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. III. 210 The lunette over the entrance-door [of the Fitzwilliam Museum].
5. Fortification. A work larger than a redan, consisting of two faces, and two flanks (G. E. Voyle Mil. Dict.).
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > earthwork or rampart > [noun] > outwork > other outworks
field-sconce1639
redan1684
horseshoe1698
lunette1704
1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Lunettes in Fortification, are Envelopes, Countergardes, or Mounts of Earth cast up before the Curtain.
1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Lunette..In Fortification, a small Work generally rais'd before the Courtin in Ditches full of Water: It consists of two Faces making a Re-entring Angle, and serves to dispute the Passage of the Ditch.
1711 London Gaz. No. 4883/2 His Grace..has given Orders for making several Lunettes in the Front of our Camp.
1751 S. Whatley England's Gazetteer at Sandown Castle [The castle] consists of four lunets of very thick arched work of stone... In the middle is a great round tower.
1759 B. Martin Nat. Hist. Eng. II. 200 An embattled Wall, with Lunets hanging over the River.
1834 J. S. Macaulay Treat. Field Fortification 10 The lunette, like the redan, is frequently open at the gorge.
1859 F. A. Griffiths Artillerist's Man. (1862) 263 A Lunette has two faces, similar to the redan, and also two flanks.
6. A blinker for a horse.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > horse-gear > [noun] > blinkers
winkers1583
eye-flap1611
spectacle1632
lunettea1656
headboard1679
blinkers1732
bluff1777
blinder1807
bumblea1825
blind1828
blind-winkers1831
a1656 Bp. J. Hall Invisible World (1659) iii. xii. 213 Make earthly things, not as Lunets, to shut up our sight, but Spectacles to transmit it to spirituall objects.
1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Lunette is also the name of two small pieces of felt made round and hollow, to clap upon the eyes of a vicious horse.
1875 in E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II.
7.
a. plural. Spectacles. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > ophthalmology or optometry > aids to defective vision > [noun] > spectacles
spectaclec1386
a pair of spectacles1423
ocularies?a1425
barnaclea1566
eye1568
sight-glasses1605
glass eye1608
prospective glass1616
sights1619
prospectivea1635
nose-compasses1654
glass1660
lunettes1681
peeper1699
eyeglass1760
specs1807
winker1816
gig-lamps1853
nose-riders1875
window1896
cheaters1920
1681 S. Colvil Mock Poem (1751) 53 Then answered the whole croud, Bidding him read it out aloud. Seeking his Lunets [etc.].
1693 J. Evelyn tr. J. de La Quintinie Reflect. Agric. vi. 49 in Compl. Gard'ner One day Lunetts and Microscopes may possibly be Invented, whereby these Pores may plainly be seen and distinguished.
1796 Mod. Gulliver's Trav. 75 Fearful of more mistakes, for want of my useful lunettes, I made my bow of depart.
b. Given as the name for a special kind of concavo-convex lens for spectacles.
ΚΠ
1855 in J. Ogilvie Imperial Dict. Suppl.
1875 in E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II.
8. A watch-glass of flattened shape. Also lunette (watch-) glass.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > instruments for measuring time > watch > [noun] > parts of
barrel1591
motion1605
bezel1616
fusee1622
string1638
crown wheel1646
out-case1651
watch-box1656
nuck1664
watchwork1667
balance-wheel1669
box1675
dial wheel1675
counter-potence1678
pendulum-balance1680
watch-case1681
pillar1684
contrate teeth1696
pinion of report1696
watch-hook1698
bob-balance1701
half-cock1701
potence1704
verge1704
pad1705
movable1709
jewel1711
pendant1721
crystal1722
watch-key1723
pendulum spring1728
lock spring1741
watch-glass1742
watch-spring1761
all-or-nothing piece1764
watch hand1764
cylinder1765
cannon?1780
cannon1802
stackfreed1819
pillar plate1821
little hand1829
hair-spring1830
lunette1832
all-or-nothing1843
locking1851
slag1857
staff1860
case spring1866
stem1866
balance-cock1874
watch-dial1875
balance-spring1881
balance-staff1881
Breguet spring1881
overcoil1881
surprise-piece1881
brass edge1884
button turn1884
fourth wheel1884
fusee-sink1884
pair-case1884
silver bar1884
silver piece1884
slang1884
top plate1884
karrusel1893
watch-face1893
watch bracelet1896
bar-movement1903
jewel pivot1907
jewel bearing1954
1832 G. R. Porter Treat. Manuf. Porcelain & Glass ix. 233 Lunette glasses.
1849 J. D. Dana U.S. Exploring Exped.: Geol. (1850) ix. 466 The curvature of a lunette watch-glass.
1884 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (new ed.) 156 Lunette, the usual form of rounded watch glass.
9. In the guillotine, the circular hole which receives the neck of the victim.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > [noun] > beheading > guillotining > guillotine > part of
head block1577
slider1795
lunette1859
1859 F. E. Paget Curate of Cumberworth 238 When the victim's head is fixed in the lunette.
1900 Westm. Gaz. 20 Oct. 6/2 His head had to be thrust into the lunette by two warders.
10. Glass-making. = linnet-hole n.
ΚΠ
1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 587 The founding or melting furnace is a square brick building,..at each angle of this square a small oven or arch is constructed..vaulted within, and communicating with the melting furnace by square flues called lunettes.
11. Historical. A crescent-shaped ornament.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > pattern or design > [noun] > crescent
crescent1399
lunette1865
sickle-
1865 Athenæum 22 July 119/1 A pair of golden gorgettes or lunettes.
12. A forked iron plate into which the stock of a field-gun carriage is inserted.
ΚΠ
1875 in E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II.
13. (See quot. 1884.)
ΚΠ
1884 R. F. Burton Bk. of Sword 124 This hilt-plate has dwindled in the French fencing-foil to a lunette, a double oval of bars shaped like a pair of spectacles.
14. Christian Church. A circular crystal case, fitting into an aperture in the monstrance, in which the Host is placed for exposition.
ΚΠ
1890 in Cent. Dict.
1893 in Catholic Dict.
15. Physical Geography. A broad shallow mound of wind-blown material built up along the leeward side of a lake basin, esp. in arid parts of Australia, and typically having a crescent shape with the concave edge of the crescent along the lake shore.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > structural features > deposited by water, ice, or wind > [noun] > wind-blown
drifta1400
wave1789
sand glacier1875
lunette1940
sand shadow1941
the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > rising ground or eminence > [noun] > small mound > type of
bank1580
hedge-bank1776
spoil bank1830
palsa1938
pingo1938
lunette1940
1940 E. S. Hills in Austral. Geographer III. vii. 15 (title) The lunette, a new land form of aeolian origin.
1940 E. S. Hills in Austral. Geographer III. vii. 15/1 Along the eastern shores of almost every lake and swamp in the plains of northern Victoria there occurs a crescentic ridge of silty clay or clay ‘loam’... It is..proposed to designate them by a new term—lunette.
1942 C. A. Cotton Geomorphol. (ed. 3) xx. 275 Dust captured from the air during gales that produce dust storms is brought down by spray whipped up from lakes, so that crescentic mounds of loamy material of this origin grow up immediately to leeward of the lakes. Being rarely more than 20 or 30 feet high these broad mounds are not conspicuous unless they rise from very level plains, as is the case in south-eastern Australia, where there are many examples of such landscape forms, there termed lunettes.
1957 G. E. Hutchinson Treat. Limnol. I. i. 127 The most important type of wind action in forming lake basins..is deflation or wind erosion. The clearest evidence of this process is provided by those cases in which the deflated material is piled up as a curved mound of sand or lunette..along the lee shore of the depression.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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