Long Tomn.

Brit.

/ˌlɒŋ ˈtɒm/, U.S.

/ˌlɔŋ ˈtɑm/,

/ˌlɑŋ ˈtɑm/

Forms: also with lower-case initial(s).

Origin: From a proper name, combined with an English element. Etymons: long adj.¹, proper name Tom.

Etymology: < long adj.¹ + Tom, pet form of the male forename Thomas (see Tom n.¹). In sense 1b perhaps influenced by peeping Tom n.

a. Military. Any of various long-barrelled guns; spec. (a) a long-range swivel-mounted naval gun typically placed amidships; (b) a long-barrelled rifle used by infantry and for hunting; (c) a 155mm-calibre field gun used by the Boers during the Boer War (1899–1902).

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > hostilities at sea > naval weapons and equipment > [noun] > ship's guns collectively > types of naval gun

portpiece1527

fowler1548

port-base1600

perrier1643

carronade1779

Long Tom1812

Dahlgren1861

cow-gun1902

whispering Willie1918

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > piece of artillery > [noun] > large or long pieces

serpentinec1450

culverin1515

headstick1516

slang1521

sling1547

basilisk1549

basilc1565

Roaring Meg1575

serpitanta1578

whole culverin1577

cannon1587

whole-cannon1589

cannon pedro1625

royal mortar1761

Long Tom1812

serpent1830

twelve-incher1909

Big Bertha1914

big boy1917

Lizzie1925

1812 National Intelligencer (Washington) 31 Oct. The term Long Tom is familiarly applied to any long piece of cannon, without regard to its size in other respects.

1833 M. Scott Tom Cringle's Log I. viii. 225 The Long Tom must be a tearer, to pitch its mouthful of iron this length.

1876 Frank Leslie's Illustr. Newspaper 12 Aug. 373 The infantry answered volley for volley with their ‘long Toms.’

1897 Westm. Gaz. 13 Apr. 5/1 One of the white twins, familiarly known as ‘Long Toms’, from the Camperdown barbette.

1900 Daily News 7 Mar. 2/6 Four ‘Long Toms’, or Canet guns of the type known as the ‘155 long’.

1979 W. Manchester Goodbye, Darkness (1987) 22 Though I could hear the Long Toms in the distance, I was warm, dry, and safe.

2002 T. Pinchuck et al. Rough Guide S. Afr. (ed. 3) 672 Known as Long Toms because of their elongated necks, the artillery pieces were able to throw a 43kg shell a distance of 10km.

b. Photography slang. A high-powered telephoto camera lens. Also attributive, as Long Tom camera, Long Tom lens, etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > camera > parts and accessories of camera > [noun] > lens > types of

portrait lens1852

short-focus lens1862

periscope1865

rectilinear1867

pantoscope1868

wide-angle1868

long lens1876

apochromatic1887

anastigmat1890

concentric lens1890

euryscope1890

landscape lens1890

rectigraph1890

symmetrical1890

concentric1893

telelens1893

telephoto1894

monocle1897

stigmat1901

stigmatic1902

Long Tom1910

zoom lens1932

Panavision1955

teleconverter1959

macro lens1961

zoom1969

macro1971

1910 Amer. Ann. Photogr. 1911 164 The choice falls on the 5 x 7 long focus Reflex, which will..require a travelling support if the lens is of the heavy ‘long Tom’ cannon type.

1914 Amer. Photogr. July 430 This depth of field almost does away with focusing in the small camera, as well as making possible photographs which the big ‘Long Tom’ is incapable of recording.

1968 ‘J. Welcome’ Hell is where you find It iv. 58 There were Rollieflexes, a Leica, a Long Tom for peeping, a couple of polaroids.

1973 R. Busby Pattern of Violence x. 165 The long tom lenses and the barrels of the TV cameras peering down into the cleared arena.

1991 F. Forsyth Deceiver (1992) 264 A watch is kept with Long Tom cameras.

2005 Spectator (Nexis) 7 May 79 Demob had Ken crouching behind his Long Tom for the Birmingham Gazette & Despatch group.

2. A kind of long wooden trough used for washing gold-bearing material in order to separate out the gold. Cf. Tom n.¹ 5. Now chiefly historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > equipment for treating ores > [noun] > for washing ore > for gold

scour1619

rocker1828

cradle1833

pan1835

Long Tom1839

Tom1839

wash-bowl1848

gold washer1849

sluice1851

wash-pan1851

tub1853

gold pan1854

mining pan1858

pan mill1869

Tommy1892

1839 Amer. Railroad Jrnl. 15 Feb. 98 The Long Tom..consists merely of a trough.

1852 Elora (Canada) Backwoodsman 17 June 2/4 The plough is a far more profitable instrument than ‘the long Tom’ or ‘the rocker’.

1890 ‘Lyth’ Golden South 166 The real ‘Long Tom’ or cradle was a narrow trough filled with earth, into which water flowed; the cradle was rocked, and the gold washed from the earth fell into a tin dish.

1917 ‘H. H. Richardson’ Fortunes Richard Mahony I. i. 8 The noise of the spades chopping the gravel in the puddling-tubs, or the Long Toms, was like the scrunch of shingle under waves.

1979 J. Birmingham et al. Austral. Pioneer Technol. 37 Such gold was easily separated by..box-sluicing in a Long Tom.

2012 B. Sederquist Coloma iii. 45 (caption) A woman with her basket poses with miners working a long tom.

†3. English regional (midlands). The long-tailed tit, Aegithalos caudatus. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > arboreal families > [noun] > family Aegithalidae > genus Aegithalos (long-tailed titmouse)

poke bag1663

pudding-poke1684

bottle tom1802

bottle tit1817

bumbarrel1817

feather-poke1831

mufflin1837

jack-in-a-bottle1838

pettichaps1851

poke pudding1851

Long Tom1853

muffler1868

hedge-jug1881

ragamuffin1885

1853 J. L. Knapp & S. Fenimore Cooper Country Rambles 120 Our boys call it the long-tailed tom-tit, long tom, poke-pudding, and various other names.

1854 A. E. Baker Gloss. Northants. Words I. 404 Long Tom, the long-tailed titmouse, Parvus [sic] caudatus.

4. Chiefly Australian. Any of several needlefishes or garfishes of the family Belonidae, esp. those of the genera Strongylura and Tylosurus.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > order Atheriniformes > [noun] > member of family Belonidae (gar-fish)

horn-fishOE

hornkeckc1425

garfishc1440

horn-stocka1485

green-bone1525

hornbeak1565

thorn-beak1570

horn-back1598

needlefish1601

spit-fish1601

sea-needle1603

ganefish1611

snacot-fish1611

greenbacka1682

bill-fisha1757

gar1767

sea-pike1769

saury1771

gar-pike1776

sea-snipea1832

mackerel guide1835

long-nose1836

gore-fish1839

gorebill1862

mackerel-scout1880

Long Tom1881

snipe-eel1882

1881 Proc. Linn. Soc. New S. Wales 6 241 Belone ferox..‘Long Tom’ of the Fishermen..Port Jackson.

1934 Bulletin (Sydney) 24 Jan. 20/2 The slender Long Tom must in future be known as Lewinichthys ferox... On the other hand the stout Long Tom is to be styled Lhotskia macleayana.

1965 Austral. Encycl. V. 362/2 Long toms or Needle-fish..have the habit of leaping from the water, when either pursuing or being pursued.

2010 G. Brown Fishing Guide South Sydney i. 26/2 The odd pike and long tom can be caught as well.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	long tom
释义	Long Tomn. Brit. /ˌlɒŋ ˈtɒm/, U.S. /ˌlɔŋ ˈtɑm/, /ˌlɑŋ ˈtɑm/ Forms: also with lower-case initial(s). Origin: From a proper name, combined with an English element. Etymons: long adj.¹, proper name Tom. Etymology: < long adj.¹ + Tom, pet form of the male forename Thomas (see Tom n.¹). In sense 1b perhaps influenced by peeping Tom n. 1. a. Military. Any of various long-barrelled guns; spec. (a) a long-range swivel-mounted naval gun typically placed amidships; (b) a long-barrelled rifle used by infantry and for hunting; (c) a 155mm-calibre field gun used by the Boers during the Boer War (1899–1902). ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > hostilities at sea > naval weapons and equipment > [noun] > ship's guns collectively > types of naval gun portpiece1527 fowler1548 port-base1600 perrier1643 carronade1779 Long Tom1812 Dahlgren1861 cow-gun1902 whispering Willie1918 society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > piece of artillery > [noun] > large or long pieces serpentinec1450 culverin1515 headstick1516 slang1521 sling1547 basilisk1549 basilc1565 Roaring Meg1575 serpitanta1578 whole culverin1577 cannon1587 whole-cannon1589 cannon pedro1625 royal mortar1761 Long Tom1812 serpent1830 twelve-incher1909 Big Bertha1914 big boy1917 Lizzie1925 1812 National Intelligencer (Washington) 31 Oct. The term Long Tom is familiarly applied to any long piece of cannon, without regard to its size in other respects. 1833 M. Scott Tom Cringle's Log I. viii. 225 The Long Tom must be a tearer, to pitch its mouthful of iron this length. 1876 Frank Leslie's Illustr. Newspaper 12 Aug. 373 The infantry answered volley for volley with their ‘long Toms.’ 1897 Westm. Gaz. 13 Apr. 5/1 One of the white twins, familiarly known as ‘Long Toms’, from the Camperdown barbette. 1900 Daily News 7 Mar. 2/6 Four ‘Long Toms’, or Canet guns of the type known as the ‘155 long’. 1979 W. Manchester Goodbye, Darkness (1987) 22 Though I could hear the Long Toms in the distance, I was warm, dry, and safe. 2002 T. Pinchuck et al. Rough Guide S. Afr. (ed. 3) 672 Known as Long Toms because of their elongated necks, the artillery pieces were able to throw a 43kg shell a distance of 10km. b. Photography slang. A high-powered telephoto camera lens. Also attributive, as Long Tom camera, Long Tom lens, etc. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > camera > parts and accessories of camera > [noun] > lens > types of portrait lens1852 short-focus lens1862 periscope1865 rectilinear1867 pantoscope1868 wide-angle1868 long lens1876 apochromatic1887 anastigmat1890 concentric lens1890 euryscope1890 landscape lens1890 rectigraph1890 symmetrical1890 concentric1893 telelens1893 telephoto1894 monocle1897 stigmat1901 stigmatic1902 Long Tom1910 zoom lens1932 Panavision1955 teleconverter1959 macro lens1961 zoom1969 macro1971 1910 Amer. Ann. Photogr. 1911 164 The choice falls on the 5 x 7 long focus Reflex, which will..require a travelling support if the lens is of the heavy ‘long Tom’ cannon type. 1914 Amer. Photogr. July 430 This depth of field almost does away with focusing in the small camera, as well as making possible photographs which the big ‘Long Tom’ is incapable of recording. 1968 ‘J. Welcome’ Hell is where you find It iv. 58 There were Rollieflexes, a Leica, a Long Tom for peeping, a couple of polaroids. 1973 R. Busby Pattern of Violence x. 165 The long tom lenses and the barrels of the TV cameras peering down into the cleared arena. 1991 F. Forsyth Deceiver (1992) 264 A watch is kept with Long Tom cameras. 2005 Spectator (Nexis) 7 May 79 Demob had Ken crouching behind his Long Tom for the Birmingham Gazette & Despatch group. 2. A kind of long wooden trough used for washing gold-bearing material in order to separate out the gold. Cf. Tom n.¹ 5. Now chiefly historical. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > equipment for treating ores > [noun] > for washing ore > for gold scour1619 rocker1828 cradle1833 pan1835 Long Tom1839 Tom1839 wash-bowl1848 gold washer1849 sluice1851 wash-pan1851 tub1853 gold pan1854 mining pan1858 pan mill1869 Tommy1892 1839 Amer. Railroad Jrnl. 15 Feb. 98 The Long Tom..consists merely of a trough. 1852 Elora (Canada) Backwoodsman 17 June 2/4 The plough is a far more profitable instrument than ‘the long Tom’ or ‘the rocker’. 1890 ‘Lyth’ Golden South 166 The real ‘Long Tom’ or cradle was a narrow trough filled with earth, into which water flowed; the cradle was rocked, and the gold washed from the earth fell into a tin dish. 1917 ‘H. H. Richardson’ Fortunes Richard Mahony I. i. 8 The noise of the spades chopping the gravel in the puddling-tubs, or the Long Toms, was like the scrunch of shingle under waves. 1979 J. Birmingham et al. Austral. Pioneer Technol. 37 Such gold was easily separated by..box-sluicing in a Long Tom. 2012 B. Sederquist Coloma iii. 45 (caption) A woman with her basket poses with miners working a long tom. †3. English regional (midlands). The long-tailed tit, Aegithalos caudatus. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > arboreal families > [noun] > family Aegithalidae > genus Aegithalos (long-tailed titmouse) poke bag1663 pudding-poke1684 bottle tom1802 bottle tit1817 bumbarrel1817 feather-poke1831 mufflin1837 jack-in-a-bottle1838 pettichaps1851 poke pudding1851 Long Tom1853 muffler1868 hedge-jug1881 ragamuffin1885 1853 J. L. Knapp & S. Fenimore Cooper Country Rambles 120 Our boys call it the long-tailed tom-tit, long tom, poke-pudding, and various other names. 1854 A. E. Baker Gloss. Northants. Words I. 404 Long Tom, the long-tailed titmouse, Parvus [sic] caudatus. 4. Chiefly Australian. Any of several needlefishes or garfishes of the family Belonidae, esp. those of the genera Strongylura and Tylosurus. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > order Atheriniformes > [noun] > member of family Belonidae (gar-fish) horn-fishOE hornkeckc1425 garfishc1440 horn-stocka1485 green-bone1525 hornbeak1565 thorn-beak1570 horn-back1598 needlefish1601 spit-fish1601 sea-needle1603 ganefish1611 snacot-fish1611 greenbacka1682 bill-fisha1757 gar1767 sea-pike1769 saury1771 gar-pike1776 sea-snipea1832 mackerel guide1835 long-nose1836 gore-fish1839 gorebill1862 mackerel-scout1880 Long Tom1881 snipe-eel1882 1881 Proc. Linn. Soc. New S. Wales 6 241 Belone ferox..‘Long Tom’ of the Fishermen..Port Jackson. 1934 Bulletin (Sydney) 24 Jan. 20/2 The slender Long Tom must in future be known as Lewinichthys ferox... On the other hand the stout Long Tom is to be styled Lhotskia macleayana. 1965 Austral. Encycl. V. 362/2 Long toms or Needle-fish..have the habit of leaping from the water, when either pursuing or being pursued. 2010 G. Brown Fishing Guide South Sydney i. 26/2 The odd pike and long tom can be caught as well. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1812
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