Augustanadj.¹

Brit.

/əˈɡʌst(ə)n/,

/ɔːˈɡʌst(ə)n/, U.S.

/ɔˈɡəstən/,

/əˈɡəstən/,

/ɑˈɡəstən/

Forms: 1500s–1600s Augustane, 1500s– Augustan.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin Augustanus.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin Augustanus (in Confessio Augustana Augustan Confession (1532 or earlier)) < classical Latin Augusta (in Augusta Vindelicorum , the name of the city of Augsburg in Germany, and its Roman antecedent) + -ānus -an suffix.With Augustan Confession compare Augsburg Confession at Augsburg n. and the German forms cited at that entry.

Designating the confession of Protestant principles drawn up by Philipp Melanchthon in consultation with Martin Luther and presented to the Emperor Charles V at the Diet of Augsburg in 1530; chiefly in Augustan Confession. Also: designating the Diet at which the confession was presented.With reference to Augsburg's Latin name, Augusta Vindelicorum (see etymology). The Augustan Confession is now more usually called the Augsburg Confession; see Augsburg n.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > sect > Christianity > Protestantism > Lutheranism > [adjective]

Lutheran1530

Augustan1565

Lutheranic1848

1565 R. Shacklock tr. S. Hozjusz Hatchet of Heresies 71 (margin) In his Apologie of the Augustane confession [L. In Apologia Confes. Augu.].

1593 R. Bancroft Suruay Holy Discipline viii. 135 To draw a confession of religion for the Churches of France, & others, as Melanchthon had done the Augustan confession for Germanie.

1647 J. Howell New Vol. of Lett. 46 Some embracing..the Augustane, and some the Helvetian confession.

1689 tr. J. H. Dalhusius Salvation Protestants Asserted 35 The Dystich affixed to the Bed of Charles V, at the Augustan Dyet, in the Year 1530.

1715 J. Lewis Agreement Lutheran Church with Church of Eng. Ep. p. iv. Comparing the 39 Articles of Religion..with the Augustan Confession.

1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) I. 281 They adhere to the Augustan Confession.

1895 Eng. Hist. Rev. 10 166 The Augustan creed or the confession of Augsburg.

1947 Eng. Hist. Rev. 62 546 The Augustan Confession (i.e. the Confession of Augsburg).

2013 C. Moseley Nations & Nationalism Theol. K. Barth ii. 81 The Augustan Creed presented to the Holy Roman Emperor at Augsburg.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

Augustanadj.²n.

Brit.

/əˈɡʌst(ə)n/,

/ɔːˈɡʌst(ə)n/, U.S.

/ɔˈɡəstən/,

/əˈɡəstən/,

/ɑˈɡəstən/

Forms: 1500s–1600s Augustane, 1600s– Augustan.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin Augustānus.

Etymology: < classical Latin Augustānus of or founded by Augustus < the name of Augustus (see August n.) + -ānus -an suffix.

A. adj.²

1. Of or relating to the Roman emperor Augustus; connected with or occurring during his reign (27 b.c.– a.d. 14).Often used with reference to the Latin literature of this period (or, sometimes, of the longer period from the assassination of Julius Caesar (44 b.c.) to the death of Ovid ( a.d. 17)), long considered to have been of particular refinement, as exemplified by the works of Virgil, Horace, Ovid, and Livy.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > literary world > [adjective] > literary period > specific Latin

Augustan1587

Augusteana1657

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > sovereign ruler or monarch > emperor > [adjective] > ancient or Holy Roman > specific ancient Roman

Augustal1597

Tiberian1601

Antonine1631

Neronian1650

Theodosian1765

Augustan1856

Neronic1864

Hadrianic1886

Severan1918

1587 R. Holinshed et al. Hist. Eng. (new ed.) ii. iv. 153/2 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) I Neither will I speake oughts of the Romane partitions, & limits of their legions, whose number and place of abode, except of the Uictorian and Augustane, is to me vtterlie vnknowne.

1641 E. Kellett Tricoenium Christi i. vii. 43 Suetonius relateth, that in the Augustan age, Tiberius feasted the people at a thousand Tables.

1653 N. Culpeper Pharmacopœia Londinensis 103/2 This comes something neerer the Augustan Dispensatory than their former did.

1706 N. Rowe Ulysses Ded. sig. A^v Poetry..has miserably languish'd and been despis'd, for want of that Favour and Protection which it found in the famous Augustan Age.

1754 tr. J. M. Lowhen Anal. Nobility i. 20 It was not looked upon as any disgrace, even to the Augustan family, that it was of equestrian origin.

1806 Lit. Misc. 2 20 The splendor of the Augustan era had passed; and it could not be expected that he [sc. Lucan] should discover the polish and melody of Virgil.

1856 C. Merivale Hist. Romans under Empire IV. xl. 519 In the Augustan period this outer area was only partially occupied.

1906 Classical Rev. 20 78 The remains of mosaic pavement in the cella..are, I believe, earlier than the Augustan period.

1981 Omnibus Oct. 22/1 Horace is commonly thought of as a comfortable cheerful figure, well adjusted to society and loyally supporting the Augustan regime.

2012 Utopian Stud. 23 475 What else was Virgil's Aeneid than a propagandistic argument in support of the divine provenance of the golden age of Augustan Rome?

a. Hence: designating a period of English literature, generally understood as extending from the late 17th century to the mid 18th century, when some writers consciously sought to emulate the style, esp. the refinement and elegance, of the Augustan period of Roman literature, and made wide use of its characteristic literary forms; designating the writers of this period or their work; relating to or characteristic of the literature of this period.Originally with reference to the literature of the reign of Charles II, e.g. the works of Dryden, Marvell, and Edmund Waller. Later most commonly associated with writers from the 1690s to the 1740s, e.g. Pope, Swift, Addison, and Steele, although writers from the earlier period are often still included under the description.In early use sometimes as a conscious allusive application of sense A. 1; in quot. 1690 showing a use of Augustean in such a context; cf. Augustean adj.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > literary world > [adjective] > literary period > specific English

Augusteana1657

Augustan1706

1690 F. Atterbury in 2nd Pt. Mr. Waller's Poems Pref. sig. A4 I question whether in Charles the Second's Reign, English did not come to its full perfection; and whether it has not had its Augustean Age, as well as the Latin.]

1706 in B. Kennett et al. tr. R. Rapin Whole Crit. Wks. I. Pref. sig. A4 With King Charles the Second's Return, commenc'd the Augustan Age of our Language.

1712 J. Oldmixon Refl. Dr. Swift's Let. 19 King Charles the Second's Reign, which probably may be the Augustan Age of English Poetry.

1752 in Poet. Pieces 43 Above all when glorious Anna liv'd, Then Europe saw the Augustan age reviv'd. [Note] Happy period! when Pope, Gay, Swift, Rowe, Addison, Prior, Phillips, Steele, Garth, Parnel, and Boome lived and wrote, when Betterton acted; when Marlborough conquered; and when Harley was at the Helm!

1759 O. Goldsmith Bee 24 Nov. 235 (title) An account of the Augustan Age of England.

1772 H. Walpole Let. 21 July (1904) VIII. 184 What a figure will this our Augustan age make; Garrick's prologues, epilogues, and verses, Sir W[illiam] Chambers's Gardening, Dr. Nowel's sermon.

1819 J. M. Good et al. Pantologia (new ed.) (at cited word) The reign of queen Anne is often called the Augustan age of England.

1867 T. B. Shaw et al. Compl. Man. Eng. Lit. xv. 265 Pope, Swift, and the Augustan poets.

1916 G. Saintsbury Peace of Augustans 389 To see the beauties, to hear the music, and to taste the sweetness or the tartness, the bitter and the salt, of Augustan poetry.

1952 I. Jack (title) Augustan satire. Intention and idiom in English poetry 1660–1750.

1975 D. Davie in D. Daiches & A. Thorlby Lit. & Western Civilization IV. xv. 392 The lapidary rigidity of the English Augustan poem..goes far beyond some of the classical originals.

2012 Musical Times Summer 47 Thus, in the very heart of the Augustan age—one of the most artificial in the history of English poetry—do we find manifestos in favour of immediacy rather than calculated effect.

b. Designating a period in the history of the literature of any language which is regarded as characterized by particular refinement or elegance, or (more generally) any period of history considered to mark a high point of achievement in a particular sphere; (hence) designating the achievements, style, etc., associated with such a period. Later also: designating a period regarded as characterized by adherence to classical forms, or the art, artists, style, etc., associated with it.

ΚΠ

1746 H. Winder Crit. & Chronol. Hist. Rise Knowl. II. v. 57 We now arrive at the Augustan Age of the Hebrew Nation, the Reigns of David and Solomon. The first for Arms, and the second for all polite Arts and Sciences, being the very Apex of their Glory.

1804 Lancaster Gaz. 24 Nov. That memorable school of engraving, whose works..threw a lustre upon that Augustan era of British Arts, the decline of the eighteenth Century.

1813 Belfast Monthly Mag. Feb. 143/2 The letters of Balzac and Voiture, in the Augustan age of Louis the Fourteenth.

1849 J. Ruskin Seven Lamps Archit. vii. 190 We must first determine what buildings are to be considered Augustan in their authority.

1868 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 6 June 555/2 Rhazes (nearly the only really original physician who flourished during an almost Augustan period of the Arabian Caliphate).

1940 Burlington Mag. Oct. 115/2 Jervas was not to be the man finally to free portraiture from its Augustan severity.

1967 Bks. Abroad 41 445/1 His [sc. Franz Joseph's] later years encompassed an Augustan epoch, but he was hardly the Augustus it needed.

2009 Irish Times 18 Apr. (Weekend Review) 10/4 There is a depth-charged realism here..and an Augustan rigour which brings the mind into play as well as the heart.

B. n.

1. A writer of literature regarded as Augustan; esp. a writer of the Augustan period of English literature (see sense A. 2a).

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > literary world > [noun] > literary man > of specific place or period

Augustan1818

trecentist1821

seicentoist1830

cinquecentist1871

Victorian1876

Jacobean1885

seicentist1905

Georgian1913

neo-Georgian1923

Jindyworobak1938

wên jên1958

1818 Ld. Byron Let. 2 Feb. (1976) VI. 10 Our fame will be hurt by admiration and imitation. When I say our, I mean all (Lakers included), except the postscript of the Augustans.

1882 Athenæum 25 Nov. 692/3 A picture of the later Augustans [i.e. writers of the reign of Queen Anne].

1908 W. Hinchman & F. Gummere Lives Great Eng. Writers 256 The Elizabethans..had followed chiefly the instincts of nature; the Augustans, on the other hand, had lost themselves in artificial devices.

1965 D. E. W. Wormell in D. R. Dudley Lucretius iii. 35 Lucretius has not been absorbed into the European tradition in the same way as the Augustans who came after him.

2013 A. Howe Byron & Forms of Thought iii. 80 Byron imagined his war on ‘Cant poetical’ as being in a direct line with the English Augustans.

2. Language considered characteristic of writing of the Augustan period of English literature.

ΚΠ

1861 M. Arnold On translating Homer i. 29 Chapman translates his object into Elizabethan, as Pope translates it into the Augustan of Queen Anne.

1994 Amer. Spectator Sept. 64/2 The dominant dictions of official poetry—eighteenth-century Augustan and nineteenth-century Romantic—both came from England.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	augustan
释义	Augustanadj.¹ Brit. /əˈɡʌst(ə)n/, /ɔːˈɡʌst(ə)n/, U.S. /ɔˈɡəstən/, /əˈɡəstən/, /ɑˈɡəstən/ Forms: 1500s–1600s Augustane, 1500s– Augustan. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin Augustanus. Etymology: < post-classical Latin Augustanus (in Confessio Augustana Augustan Confession (1532 or earlier)) < classical Latin Augusta (in Augusta Vindelicorum , the name of the city of Augsburg in Germany, and its Roman antecedent) + -ānus -an suffix.With Augustan Confession compare Augsburg Confession at Augsburg n. and the German forms cited at that entry. Designating the confession of Protestant principles drawn up by Philipp Melanchthon in consultation with Martin Luther and presented to the Emperor Charles V at the Diet of Augsburg in 1530; chiefly in Augustan Confession. Also: designating the Diet at which the confession was presented.With reference to Augsburg's Latin name, Augusta Vindelicorum (see etymology). The Augustan Confession is now more usually called the Augsburg Confession; see Augsburg n. ΘΚΠ society > faith > sect > Christianity > Protestantism > Lutheranism > [adjective] Lutheran1530 Augustan1565 Lutheranic1848 1565 R. Shacklock tr. S. Hozjusz Hatchet of Heresies 71 (margin) In his Apologie of the Augustane confession [L. In Apologia Confes. Augu.]. 1593 R. Bancroft Suruay Holy Discipline viii. 135 To draw a confession of religion for the Churches of France, & others, as Melanchthon had done the Augustan confession for Germanie. 1647 J. Howell New Vol. of Lett. 46 Some embracing..the Augustane, and some the Helvetian confession. 1689 tr. J. H. Dalhusius Salvation Protestants Asserted 35 The Dystich affixed to the Bed of Charles V, at the Augustan Dyet, in the Year 1530. 1715 J. Lewis Agreement Lutheran Church with Church of Eng. Ep. p. iv. Comparing the 39 Articles of Religion..with the Augustan Confession. 1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) I. 281 They adhere to the Augustan Confession. 1895 Eng. Hist. Rev. 10 166 The Augustan creed or the confession of Augsburg. 1947 Eng. Hist. Rev. 62 546 The Augustan Confession (i.e. the Confession of Augsburg). 2013 C. Moseley Nations & Nationalism Theol. K. Barth ii. 81 The Augustan Creed presented to the Holy Roman Emperor at Augsburg. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021). Augustanadj.²n. Brit. /əˈɡʌst(ə)n/, /ɔːˈɡʌst(ə)n/, U.S. /ɔˈɡəstən/, /əˈɡəstən/, /ɑˈɡəstən/ Forms: 1500s–1600s Augustane, 1600s– Augustan. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin Augustānus. Etymology: < classical Latin Augustānus of or founded by Augustus < the name of Augustus (see August n.) + -ānus -an suffix. A. adj.² 1. Of or relating to the Roman emperor Augustus; connected with or occurring during his reign (27 b.c.– a.d. 14).Often used with reference to the Latin literature of this period (or, sometimes, of the longer period from the assassination of Julius Caesar (44 b.c.) to the death of Ovid ( a.d. 17)), long considered to have been of particular refinement, as exemplified by the works of Virgil, Horace, Ovid, and Livy. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > literary world > [adjective] > literary period > specific Latin Augustan1587 Augusteana1657 society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > sovereign ruler or monarch > emperor > [adjective] > ancient or Holy Roman > specific ancient Roman Augustal1597 Tiberian1601 Antonine1631 Neronian1650 Theodosian1765 Augustan1856 Neronic1864 Hadrianic1886 Severan1918 1587 R. Holinshed et al. Hist. Eng. (new ed.) ii. iv. 153/2 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) I Neither will I speake oughts of the Romane partitions, & limits of their legions, whose number and place of abode, except of the Uictorian and Augustane, is to me vtterlie vnknowne. 1641 E. Kellett Tricoenium Christi i. vii. 43 Suetonius relateth, that in the Augustan age, Tiberius feasted the people at a thousand Tables. 1653 N. Culpeper Pharmacopœia Londinensis 103/2 This comes something neerer the Augustan Dispensatory than their former did. 1706 N. Rowe Ulysses Ded. sig. A^v Poetry..has miserably languish'd and been despis'd, for want of that Favour and Protection which it found in the famous Augustan Age. 1754 tr. J. M. Lowhen Anal. Nobility i. 20 It was not looked upon as any disgrace, even to the Augustan family, that it was of equestrian origin. 1806 Lit. Misc. 2 20 The splendor of the Augustan era had passed; and it could not be expected that he [sc. Lucan] should discover the polish and melody of Virgil. 1856 C. Merivale Hist. Romans under Empire IV. xl. 519 In the Augustan period this outer area was only partially occupied. 1906 Classical Rev. 20 78 The remains of mosaic pavement in the cella..are, I believe, earlier than the Augustan period. 1981 Omnibus Oct. 22/1 Horace is commonly thought of as a comfortable cheerful figure, well adjusted to society and loyally supporting the Augustan regime. 2012 Utopian Stud. 23 475 What else was Virgil's Aeneid than a propagandistic argument in support of the divine provenance of the golden age of Augustan Rome? 2. a. Hence: designating a period of English literature, generally understood as extending from the late 17th century to the mid 18th century, when some writers consciously sought to emulate the style, esp. the refinement and elegance, of the Augustan period of Roman literature, and made wide use of its characteristic literary forms; designating the writers of this period or their work; relating to or characteristic of the literature of this period.Originally with reference to the literature of the reign of Charles II, e.g. the works of Dryden, Marvell, and Edmund Waller. Later most commonly associated with writers from the 1690s to the 1740s, e.g. Pope, Swift, Addison, and Steele, although writers from the earlier period are often still included under the description.In early use sometimes as a conscious allusive application of sense A. 1; in quot. 1690 showing a use of Augustean in such a context; cf. Augustean adj. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > literary world > [adjective] > literary period > specific English Augusteana1657 Augustan1706 1690 F. Atterbury in 2nd Pt. Mr. Waller's Poems Pref. sig. A4 I question whether in Charles the Second's Reign, English did not come to its full perfection; and whether it has not had its Augustean Age, as well as the Latin.] 1706 in B. Kennett et al. tr. R. Rapin Whole Crit. Wks. I. Pref. sig. A4 With King Charles the Second's Return, commenc'd the Augustan Age of our Language. 1712 J. Oldmixon Refl. Dr. Swift's Let. 19 King Charles the Second's Reign, which probably may be the Augustan Age of English Poetry. 1752 in Poet. Pieces 43 Above all when glorious Anna liv'd, Then Europe saw the Augustan age reviv'd. [Note] Happy period! when Pope, Gay, Swift, Rowe, Addison, Prior, Phillips, Steele, Garth, Parnel, and Boome lived and wrote, when Betterton acted; when Marlborough conquered; and when Harley was at the Helm! 1759 O. Goldsmith Bee 24 Nov. 235 (title) An account of the Augustan Age of England. 1772 H. Walpole Let. 21 July (1904) VIII. 184 What a figure will this our Augustan age make; Garrick's prologues, epilogues, and verses, Sir W[illiam] Chambers's Gardening, Dr. Nowel's sermon. 1819 J. M. Good et al. Pantologia (new ed.) (at cited word) The reign of queen Anne is often called the Augustan age of England. 1867 T. B. Shaw et al. Compl. Man. Eng. Lit. xv. 265 Pope, Swift, and the Augustan poets. 1916 G. Saintsbury Peace of Augustans 389 To see the beauties, to hear the music, and to taste the sweetness or the tartness, the bitter and the salt, of Augustan poetry. 1952 I. Jack (title) Augustan satire. Intention and idiom in English poetry 1660–1750. 1975 D. Davie in D. Daiches & A. Thorlby Lit. & Western Civilization IV. xv. 392 The lapidary rigidity of the English Augustan poem..goes far beyond some of the classical originals. 2012 Musical Times Summer 47 Thus, in the very heart of the Augustan age—one of the most artificial in the history of English poetry—do we find manifestos in favour of immediacy rather than calculated effect. b. Designating a period in the history of the literature of any language which is regarded as characterized by particular refinement or elegance, or (more generally) any period of history considered to mark a high point of achievement in a particular sphere; (hence) designating the achievements, style, etc., associated with such a period. Later also: designating a period regarded as characterized by adherence to classical forms, or the art, artists, style, etc., associated with it. ΚΠ 1746 H. Winder Crit. & Chronol. Hist. Rise Knowl. II. v. 57 We now arrive at the Augustan Age of the Hebrew Nation, the Reigns of David and Solomon. The first for Arms, and the second for all polite Arts and Sciences, being the very Apex of their Glory. 1804 Lancaster Gaz. 24 Nov. That memorable school of engraving, whose works..threw a lustre upon that Augustan era of British Arts, the decline of the eighteenth Century. 1813 Belfast Monthly Mag. Feb. 143/2 The letters of Balzac and Voiture, in the Augustan age of Louis the Fourteenth. 1849 J. Ruskin Seven Lamps Archit. vii. 190 We must first determine what buildings are to be considered Augustan in their authority. 1868 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 6 June 555/2 Rhazes (nearly the only really original physician who flourished during an almost Augustan period of the Arabian Caliphate). 1940 Burlington Mag. Oct. 115/2 Jervas was not to be the man finally to free portraiture from its Augustan severity. 1967 Bks. Abroad 41 445/1 His [sc. Franz Joseph's] later years encompassed an Augustan epoch, but he was hardly the Augustus it needed. 2009 Irish Times 18 Apr. (Weekend Review) 10/4 There is a depth-charged realism here..and an Augustan rigour which brings the mind into play as well as the heart. B. n. 1. A writer of literature regarded as Augustan; esp. a writer of the Augustan period of English literature (see sense A. 2a). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > literary world > [noun] > literary man > of specific place or period Augustan1818 trecentist1821 seicentoist1830 cinquecentist1871 Victorian1876 Jacobean1885 seicentist1905 Georgian1913 neo-Georgian1923 Jindyworobak1938 wên jên1958 1818 Ld. Byron Let. 2 Feb. (1976) VI. 10 Our fame will be hurt by admiration and imitation. When I say our, I mean all (Lakers included), except the postscript of the Augustans. 1882 Athenæum 25 Nov. 692/3 A picture of the later Augustans [i.e. writers of the reign of Queen Anne]. 1908 W. Hinchman & F. Gummere Lives Great Eng. Writers 256 The Elizabethans..had followed chiefly the instincts of nature; the Augustans, on the other hand, had lost themselves in artificial devices. 1965 D. E. W. Wormell in D. R. Dudley Lucretius iii. 35 Lucretius has not been absorbed into the European tradition in the same way as the Augustans who came after him. 2013 A. Howe Byron & Forms of Thought iii. 80 Byron imagined his war on ‘Cant poetical’ as being in a direct line with the English Augustans. 2. Language considered characteristic of writing of the Augustan period of English literature. ΚΠ 1861 M. Arnold On translating Homer i. 29 Chapman translates his object into Elizabethan, as Pope translates it into the Augustan of Queen Anne. 1994 Amer. Spectator Sept. 64/2 The dominant dictions of official poetry—eighteenth-century Augustan and nineteenth-century Romantic—both came from England. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.¹1565adj.²n.1587
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Augustanadj.1

Augustanadj.2n.

Augustanadj.¹

Augustanadj.²n.