livenessn.

Brit.

/ˈlʌɪvnəs/, U.S.

/ˈlaɪvnəs/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: live adj.¹, -ness suffix.

Etymology: < live adj.¹ + -ness suffix. Compare earlier aliveness n., lifeness n., liveliness n., livingness n.The following quots. apparently show misreadings or compositorial errors for liveliness n., which is the reading in other editions from the same year or earlier:1578 T. Cooper Thesaurus (new ed.) Iacet oratio, The oration hath no life or quickness in it. It lacketh sprite and lyueness to mooue.1788 E. Blower Features from Life I. ix. 137 He certainly could not but be pleased with the proof this little display of Matilda's quick sensibility gave of the liveness of her attachment to himself. In the following quot., short Liveness may show a compositorial error for shortlivedness n. at short-lived adj. Derivatives: ?1735 Pract. Husbandman & Planter II. Index Of the short Liveness of broad Clover.

1. The quality or condition of being alive (in various senses). Also: liveliness.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [noun] > vigour or liveliness

jollinessc1386

liveliheadc1425

quicknessc1425

vyfnes1475

ramagec1485

couragea1498

liveliness1534

spritec1540

livelihood1566

life1583

sprightliness1599

sprightfulness1602

ruach1606

sprightiness1607

sparkle1611

airiness1628

vivacy1637

spiritfulness1644

spirit1651

vivacity1652

spiritedness1654

brightness1660

sprightness1660

ramageness1686

race1690

friskiness1727

spirituousness1727

vivaciousness1727

brio1731

raciness1759

phlogiston1789

animation1791

lifefulness1829

pepper-and-salt1842

corkiness1845

aliveness1853

vitality1858

music1859

virtu1876

liveness1890

zippiness1907

bounce1909

zing1917

radioactivity1922

oomph1937

pizzazz1937

zinginess1938

hep1946

vavoom1962

welly1977

masala1986

1890 Sat. Rev. 22 Mar. 357/2 The ‘liveness’ of the New Scholarship.

1922 E. Wharton Let. 27 Aug. (1988) 454 The prevailing impression..is of an extraordinary vitality & vivacity, an ever-bubbling spring of visual & moral sensibility—& this kind of ‘liveness’ is one of the most important qualities in any work of fiction—or of any other art.

1926 N. M. Gunn Grey Coast ii. 21 That liveness of the body with its whirl and suppressed gaiety.

1940 Scrutiny 9 94 A translator of Mr. Archer's liveness of interest and taste.

1982 Amer. Speech 57 197 I believe it to have something to do with the liveness of the American variety of English.

2005 New Scientist 9 Apr. 5/1 Biometric systems should work only if the necessary body part—a finger or an eye, say—is attached to a living person. The case demonstrates the need for ‘liveness detection’.

2. Acoustics. The property of a room or enclosure, or of a recording, of having a long reverberation time. Cf. live adj.¹ 9.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > resonance or sonority > [noun] > reverberation or echo

echo1340

repercussion1554

rebound1567

reverberation1569

reverberating1576

answer1609

re-echoing1611

re-echo1613

replicationa1616

back-echo1626

echoinga1649

reboation1648

redounda1665

aftersound1807

verberation1825

reverb1875

anacampsis1879

liveness1931

post-echo1956

1931 L. Cowan Recording Sound for Motion Pictures xviii. 261 (heading) Liveness of sets.

1947 Audio Engin. Sept. 29/2 A new wider range recording with excellent liveness.

1975 Gramophone Oct. 733/2 A three-position ‘brightness control’ is provided, to account for variations in listening room liveness and brightness.

2007 A. U. Case Sound FX xi. 272 The engineer may also place distant microphones in the studio in order to capture the room's liveness.

3. The quality or condition (of an event, performance, etc.) of being heard, watched, or broadcast at the time of occurrence. Cf. live adj.¹ 10a.

ΚΠ

1966 Washington Post 4 Dec. e7/3 The greatest assets of television are liveness and immediacy. Much of the vitality has been drained out of television with the increasing use of tape.

1976 Albuquerque (New Mexico) Tribune 11 Mar. b2/4 The performance is very physical, and it is there that we begin, but only begin, to sense what ‘liveness’ is.

1986 B. G. Rose Television & Performing Arts iii. 111 Live from Lincoln Center's greatest asset—its ‘liveness’—gave its music broadcasts a vitality rarely found in any pretaped or studio produced concert.

2002 L. Purves Radio (2003) xvii. 242 The liveness of the interview often gives them an extraordinary boost of adrenalin and confidence.

4. Computing. The property of a circuit, program, or process of giving a good or useful outcome. Frequently attributive.Contrasted with safety, the property of not giving a bad or useless outcome.

ΚΠ

1971 Jrnl. Computer Syst. Sci. 5 515 We can use a technique developed in the proofs of Theorems 1 and 2 to change the marking until it becomes safe, without changing its liveness.

1991 J. R. Birch in E. M. Clarke & R. P. Kurshan Computer-aided Verification 93 The primary goal of research in automated circuit verification is to devise algorithms that check whether circuits enjoy certain desirable properties. It is common to classify these properties into safety and liveness properties.

2003 T. Bedford & P. H. Van Gelder Safety & Reliability 1049/2 The manager will provide services for liveness checking and will conduct system recovery, if needed.

2003 T. Bedford & P. H. A. J. M. Van Gelder Safety & Reliability 1050/2 The coordinator checks and records the liveness of all machines in the system.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	liveness
释义	livenessn. Brit. /ˈlʌɪvnəs/, U.S. /ˈlaɪvnəs/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: live adj.¹, -ness suffix. Etymology: < live adj.¹ + -ness suffix. Compare earlier aliveness n., lifeness n., liveliness n., livingness n.The following quots. apparently show misreadings or compositorial errors for liveliness n., which is the reading in other editions from the same year or earlier:1578 T. Cooper Thesaurus (new ed.) Iacet oratio, The oration hath no life or quickness in it. It lacketh sprite and lyueness to mooue.1788 E. Blower Features from Life I. ix. 137 He certainly could not but be pleased with the proof this little display of Matilda's quick sensibility gave of the liveness of her attachment to himself. In the following quot., short Liveness may show a compositorial error for shortlivedness n. at short-lived adj. Derivatives: ?1735 Pract. Husbandman & Planter II. Index Of the short Liveness of broad Clover. 1. The quality or condition of being alive (in various senses). Also: liveliness. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [noun] > vigour or liveliness jollinessc1386 liveliheadc1425 quicknessc1425 vyfnes1475 ramagec1485 couragea1498 liveliness1534 spritec1540 livelihood1566 life1583 sprightliness1599 sprightfulness1602 ruach1606 sprightiness1607 sparkle1611 airiness1628 vivacy1637 spiritfulness1644 spirit1651 vivacity1652 spiritedness1654 brightness1660 sprightness1660 ramageness1686 race1690 friskiness1727 spirituousness1727 vivaciousness1727 brio1731 raciness1759 phlogiston1789 animation1791 lifefulness1829 pepper-and-salt1842 corkiness1845 aliveness1853 vitality1858 music1859 virtu1876 liveness1890 zippiness1907 bounce1909 zing1917 radioactivity1922 oomph1937 pizzazz1937 zinginess1938 hep1946 vavoom1962 welly1977 masala1986 1890 Sat. Rev. 22 Mar. 357/2 The ‘liveness’ of the New Scholarship. 1922 E. Wharton Let. 27 Aug. (1988) 454 The prevailing impression..is of an extraordinary vitality & vivacity, an ever-bubbling spring of visual & moral sensibility—& this kind of ‘liveness’ is one of the most important qualities in any work of fiction—or of any other art. 1926 N. M. Gunn Grey Coast ii. 21 That liveness of the body with its whirl and suppressed gaiety. 1940 Scrutiny 9 94 A translator of Mr. Archer's liveness of interest and taste. 1982 Amer. Speech 57 197 I believe it to have something to do with the liveness of the American variety of English. 2005 New Scientist 9 Apr. 5/1 Biometric systems should work only if the necessary body part—a finger or an eye, say—is attached to a living person. The case demonstrates the need for ‘liveness detection’. 2. Acoustics. The property of a room or enclosure, or of a recording, of having a long reverberation time. Cf. live adj.¹ 9. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > resonance or sonority > [noun] > reverberation or echo echo1340 repercussion1554 rebound1567 reverberation1569 reverberating1576 answer1609 re-echoing1611 re-echo1613 replicationa1616 back-echo1626 echoinga1649 reboation1648 redounda1665 aftersound1807 verberation1825 reverb1875 anacampsis1879 liveness1931 post-echo1956 1931 L. Cowan Recording Sound for Motion Pictures xviii. 261 (heading) Liveness of sets. 1947 Audio Engin. Sept. 29/2 A new wider range recording with excellent liveness. 1975 Gramophone Oct. 733/2 A three-position ‘brightness control’ is provided, to account for variations in listening room liveness and brightness. 2007 A. U. Case Sound FX xi. 272 The engineer may also place distant microphones in the studio in order to capture the room's liveness. 3. The quality or condition (of an event, performance, etc.) of being heard, watched, or broadcast at the time of occurrence. Cf. live adj.¹ 10a. ΚΠ 1966 Washington Post 4 Dec. e7/3 The greatest assets of television are liveness and immediacy. Much of the vitality has been drained out of television with the increasing use of tape. 1976 Albuquerque (New Mexico) Tribune 11 Mar. b2/4 The performance is very physical, and it is there that we begin, but only begin, to sense what ‘liveness’ is. 1986 B. G. Rose Television & Performing Arts iii. 111 Live from Lincoln Center's greatest asset—its ‘liveness’—gave its music broadcasts a vitality rarely found in any pretaped or studio produced concert. 2002 L. Purves Radio (2003) xvii. 242 The liveness of the interview often gives them an extraordinary boost of adrenalin and confidence. 4. Computing. The property of a circuit, program, or process of giving a good or useful outcome. Frequently attributive.Contrasted with safety, the property of not giving a bad or useless outcome. ΚΠ 1971 Jrnl. Computer Syst. Sci. 5 515 We can use a technique developed in the proofs of Theorems 1 and 2 to change the marking until it becomes safe, without changing its liveness. 1991 J. R. Birch in E. M. Clarke & R. P. Kurshan Computer-aided Verification 93 The primary goal of research in automated circuit verification is to devise algorithms that check whether circuits enjoy certain desirable properties. It is common to classify these properties into safety and liveness properties. 2003 T. Bedford & P. H. Van Gelder Safety & Reliability 1049/2 The manager will provide services for liveness checking and will conduct system recovery, if needed. 2003 T. Bedford & P. H. A. J. M. Van Gelder Safety & Reliability 1050/2 The coordinator checks and records the liveness of all machines in the system. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1890
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