lineagen.

Brit.

/ˈlɪnɪɪdʒ/, U.S.

/ˈlaɪnɪdʒ/

Forms: Middle English–1600s li(g)n-, ly(g)nage, (Middle English lenage, lyneage, lyngnage, 1500s linn-, lyna(d)ge), 1600s– lineage.

Etymology: < Old French lignage, linage = Provençal linhatge , Spanish linaje , Portuguese linhagem , Italian lignaggio , legnaggio < Latin type *līneāticum (see -age suffix), < līnea line n.² The spelling lineage , which appears late in the 17th cent., is probably due to association with line n.²; the modern pronunciation is influenced by lineal or Latin līnea.

Now literary.

a. Lineal descent from an ancestor; ancestry, pedigree.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > lineage or descent > [noun]

kinc892

strindc900

i-cundeOE

bloodOE

kindredOE

birtha1250

strainc1275

gesta1300

offspring?a1300

lineagea1330

descentc1330

linec1330

progenya1382

generationc1384

engendrurec1390

ancestry?a1400

genealogya1400

kind?a1400

stranda1400

coming?a1425

bedc1430

descencec1443

descension1447

ligneea1450

originc1450

family1474

originala1475

extraction1477

nativityc1485

parentelea1492

stirpc1503

stem?c1550

race1563

parentage1565

brood1590

ancientry1596

descendance1599

breeding1600

descendancy1603

delineation1606

extract1631

ancestory1650

agnation1782

havage1799

engendure1867

a1330 Otuel 336 Tel me..Of what linage þou art come.

c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women Lucrece. 1820 Tarquinius that..sholdist as be lynage & be right Don as a lord & as a worthi knyght.

c1440 Generydes 3873 The Kyng of Egipte, born of highe lenage.

1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan Bk. Fayttes of Armes i. vii. 16 The gretenes of his lignage and hye blood of his persone.

1547 W. Baldwin Treat. Morall Phylos. iii. iv. sig. N.v He that to his noble lynage addeth vertue and good condicione, is to be praysed.

1586 Queen Elizabeth I in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1824) 1st Ser. III. 23 I am not of so base a linage, nor cary so vile a minde.

1606 G. W. tr. Justinus Hist. xli. 129 There was at the same time one Arsaces, though of unknown lynage, yet of approued valor.

1701 N. Rowe Ambitious Step-mother iii. iii. 41 Thou art the Father of our Kings, The stem whence their high lineage springs.

1748 S. Richardson Clarissa VII. lxxxvi. 298 I have..been thought to disgrace my whole lineage.

1767 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. (new ed.) II. 233 When the lineage is clearly made out, there is no need of this auxiliary proof.

1835 E. Bulwer-Lytton Rienzi I. i. i. 7 The quiet and lowly spirit of my mother's humble lineage.

1852 H. B. Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin I. vii. 82 She was also so white as not to be known as of colored lineage, without a critical survey.

1875 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. (ed. 2) I. xiii. 546 Norman lineage was vulgarly regarded as the more honourable.

†b. said of animals and inanimate objects. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > domestic animal > [noun] > livestock > stock or breed

lineagea1500

breed1553

seminary1607

strain1607

thoroughbredness1846

the world > existence and causation > causation > source or origin > [noun] > common origin > development from

lineage1635

a1500 (?a1400) Sir Torrent of Portyngale (1887) l. 491 Ther be hawkes, ase I herd seyne, That byn of lenage gene.

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 323 These are said to refuse copulation with any other Horsses that are not of their owne kind and linage.

1635 J. Swan Speculum Mundi v. §2. 159 White hoar-frost is of the house and linage of dew.

1693 T. P. Blount Nat. Hist. 195 They proceed in the Main from the same Stock and Linage, and are all more or less of the Kindred of Salts.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 103 Distinguish all betimes, with branding Fire; To note the Tribe, the Lineage, and The Sire.

2. quasi-concrete. (Chiefly collective)

†a. The persons through whom one's ‘lineage’ (sense 1) is traced; one's ancestors collectively. [So French lignage, in opposition to lignée = descendants.] Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > ancestor > [noun] > collectively

fatherOE

forthfatherc1000

eldringsc1300

lineage13..

ancestry?a1400

fore-eldersa1400

ancestory1642

majority1646

13.. K. Alis. 3068 Thow woldest geve vyl trowage; So dude never non of thy lynage.

1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur v. x Duke Iosue and Machabeus were of oure lygnage.

1508 W. Kennedy Flyting (Chepman & Myllar) in Poems W. Dunbar (1998) I. 213 My linage [a1586 lenagis] and forebearis war ay lele.

1557 T. North tr. A. de Guevara Diall Princes f. 46 His linage was not of the lowest sort of the people..but were men that lyved by the swete of their browes.

b. The descendants of a specified ancestor [= French lignée] . †Also rarely applied to an individual descendant.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > descendant > [noun]

sonOE

lineage1303

rootc1330

impinga1340

after-comera1382

nephewa1387

impc1412

descentc1475

branch1535

descendant1569

stirp1574

scion1591

sprig1591

slip1594

sprout?1611

posterior1889

ancestor1920

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > descendant > [noun] > collectively

bairn-teamc885

kinc950

seedOE

teamOE

offspringOE

kindOE

childrenc1175

lineage1303

generationa1325

issuea1325

successiona1340

kindredc1350

progenya1382

posterityc1410

sequelc1440

ligneea1450

posterior1509

genealogy1513

propagation1536

racea1547

postery1548

after-spring1583

bowela1593

afterworld1594

loin1608

descendance1617

succession1618

proles1640

descent1667

ramage1936

1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 2883 She wepte nat for any outrage But for of here come no lynage; Þat no fruyt of here myȝt spryng [Fr. pur defaute de ligne].

?a1400 Arthur 269 Y am þeir Eyr & þeyre lynage.

1430–40 J. Lydgate tr. Bochas Fall of Princes (1554) i. vii. 10 Tencrease his lynage..He toke a wife that was but yong of age.

c1480 (a1400) St. Placidus 254 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 76 Þat herytag þat to man I hicht & his lynag.

1485 W. Caxton tr. Thystorye & Lyf Charles the Grete sig. bj/2 Pepyn..was chosen kyng of Fraunce whan the lygnage of kyng cloys faylled.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. clxxxiij With hym died..heires of greate parentage in the Southe parte, whose linages reuenged their deaths.

?1573 L. Lloyd Pilgrimage of Princes f. 167^v Fully perswaded with hym self, that he was of the linage of the Gods.

1623 tr. A. Favyn Theater of Honour & Knight-hood vi. iii. 118 Of this Mariage ensued a plenteous lignage, to witt, three Sonnes and foure Daughters.

1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 34. ⁋3 I am now arrived at that part of life in which every man is expected to settle and provide for the continuation of his lineage.

1838 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece (new ed.) II. xii. 154 Callias, a seer sprung from the gifted lineage of Iamus.

1863 H. Cox Inst. Eng. Govt. i. vii. 65 The dignity of the peerage..was confined to the lineage of the person ennobled.

figurative.1863 A. W. Kinglake Invasion of Crimea I. ii. 35 The ‘Eastern Question’, as it was called, had become consecrated by its descent through a great lineage of Statesmen.

c. A family or race viewed with reference to its descent; a tribe, clan. spec. in Cultural Anthropology, patri- or matrilineal descent within a social group traced from a single ancestor; also occasionally the traditional line of descent for the handing down of skills and knowledge pertaining to a particular craft or profession.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinship group > stock, race, or family > [noun]

kinc825

strindc900

maegtheOE

i-cundeeOE

birdeOE

houseOE

kindOE

kindreda1225

bloodc1300

strainc1330

lineage?a1366

generationa1382

progenya1382

stock1382

nationc1395

tribec1400

ligneea1450

lifec1450

family1474

prosapy?a1475

parentage1490

stirpc1503

pedigree1532

racea1547

stem?c1550

breed1596

progenies1673

familia1842

uji1876

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > lineage or descent > [adjective] > either side

lineage?a1366

the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > [noun] > skill or art > skill or craftsmanship > line of descent of skills

lineage1952

?a1366 Romaunt Rose 258 She [Envye] is ful glad, in hir corage, If she see any greet linage Be brought to nought in shamful wise.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1871) III. 51 Þat was þe bygynnynge of þe þraldom of þe ten lynages of Israel.

c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (1839) xxi. 224 The first Nacyoun or Lynage was clept Tartar.

1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) xlii. 65 The fait or dede, whiche..the humayne lygnage bought ful dere.

1532 Galway Arch. in 10th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1885) App. v. 405 Whatsoever man or woman shall make any comperacion betwixt lynadge and [l]inadge..shuld..forfayte an hundrid shillinges.

1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies i. xxv. 80 From him sprang two families or linages.

1870 L. H. Morgan Syst. Consanguinity 151 There were but five other nations of the same immediate lineage of whom we have any knowledge.

1877 L. H. Morgan Anc. Society ii. 69 The gens came into being upon three principal conceptions, namely; the bond of kin, a pure lineage through descent in the female line, and non-intermarriage in the gens.

1934 R. H. Lowie Introd. Cultural Anthropol. xiv. 254 A clan including only descendants of a single ancestor is a ‘lineage’. Commonly it includes members of two or more lineages, but the concept remains the same.

1949 M. Fortes Social Struct. 62 Genealogies are cited to show that the founding ancestors of the lineages occupying the townships..came there some ten to twelve generations ago.

1951 R. Firth Elements Social Organization ii. 53 The Tikopia lineages are patrilineal, membership being traced through the father along the male line to an original male ancestor.

1952 H. H. Gerth & D. A. Martindale tr. M. Weber Anc. Judaism i. ii. 28 Cain is the tribal father of the smith and the musician... It may, thus, be assumed that at the time of the establishment of this lineage such artisans, in Palestine as in India, were guest people.

1957 M. Banton West Afr. City vii. 123 Marriage is an arrangement between two lineages.

1963 Listener 7 Feb. 231/1 Arabic documents held by the mosques and the clerical lineages in Northern Nigeria and in Northern Ghana.

1971 World Archaeol. 3 217 Each village has a number of smiths of varying degrees of training and competence each assisted by novices who together form a lineage.

attributive.1949 M. Fortes Social Struct. 65 Continuity in the social structure..is maintained by the lineage system.1951 R. Firth Elements Social Organization ii. 54 They and their immediate lineage members form a recognized class of ‘chiefly houses’.1957 V. W. Turner Schism & Continuity in Afr. Society v. 152 They consolidate the rest of the..lineage membership against them.1964 J. Gould & W. L. Kolb Dict. Social Sci. 391/2 Relations between the local groups, which may vary in size and locality over time, can none the less be seen as persistent and relatively stable. In this case lineages may compose a total structure or system, the lineage structure or the lineage system.

Draft additions 1997

3. Biology. A sequence of species each of which is considered to have evolved from its predecessor.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > heredity or hereditary descent > [noun] > line of descent > species each evolving from predecessor

lineage1940

line1951

1940 J. S. L. Gilmour in J. S. Huxley New Systematics 469 The palaeobiologist..working with fossil material, expresses his phylogenetic judgments in terms of lineages. For example, Arkell and Moy Thomas..describe parallel lineages in the evolution of the Ammonites in Devonian rocks.

1951 G. S. Carter Animal Evol. i. 30 This conception is very different from that generally held a few years ago. A population was then thought of as consisting of many lines or lineages, each evolving more or less independently and replacing each other as the result of natural selection.

1983 E. C. Minkoff Evolutionary Biol. xvii. 278/2 A lineage is defined as a succession of species arranged in a continuous ancestor-to-descendant sequence.

1992 Discover May 30/2 Anthropologists..had assumed that all modern humans descended from Homo erectus, a hominid lineage that left Africa a million years ago.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	lineage
释义	lineagen. Brit. /ˈlɪnɪɪdʒ/, U.S. /ˈlaɪnɪdʒ/ Forms: Middle English–1600s li(g)n-, ly(g)nage, (Middle English lenage, lyneage, lyngnage, 1500s linn-, lyna(d)ge), 1600s– lineage. Etymology: < Old French lignage, linage = Provençal linhatge , Spanish linaje , Portuguese linhagem , Italian lignaggio , legnaggio < Latin type līneāticum (see -age suffix), < līnea* line n.² The spelling lineage , which appears late in the 17th cent., is probably due to association with line n.²; the modern pronunciation is influenced by lineal or Latin līnea. Now literary. 1. a. Lineal descent from an ancestor; ancestry, pedigree. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > lineage or descent > [noun] kinc892 strindc900 i-cundeOE bloodOE kindredOE birtha1250 strainc1275 gesta1300 offspring?a1300 lineagea1330 descentc1330 linec1330 progenya1382 generationc1384 engendrurec1390 ancestry?a1400 genealogya1400 kind?a1400 stranda1400 coming?a1425 bedc1430 descencec1443 descension1447 ligneea1450 originc1450 family1474 originala1475 extraction1477 nativityc1485 parentelea1492 stirpc1503 stem?c1550 race1563 parentage1565 brood1590 ancientry1596 descendance1599 breeding1600 descendancy1603 delineation1606 extract1631 ancestory1650 agnation1782 havage1799 engendure1867 a1330 Otuel 336 Tel me..Of what linage þou art come. c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women Lucrece. 1820 Tarquinius that..sholdist as be lynage & be right Don as a lord & as a worthi knyght. c1440 Generydes 3873 The Kyng of Egipte, born of highe lenage. 1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan Bk. Fayttes of Armes i. vii. 16 The gretenes of his lignage and hye blood of his persone. 1547 W. Baldwin Treat. Morall Phylos. iii. iv. sig. N.v He that to his noble lynage addeth vertue and good condicione, is to be praysed. 1586 Queen Elizabeth I in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1824) 1st Ser. III. 23 I am not of so base a linage, nor cary so vile a minde. 1606 G. W. tr. Justinus Hist. xli. 129 There was at the same time one Arsaces, though of unknown lynage, yet of approued valor. 1701 N. Rowe Ambitious Step-mother iii. iii. 41 Thou art the Father of our Kings, The stem whence their high lineage springs. 1748 S. Richardson Clarissa VII. lxxxvi. 298 I have..been thought to disgrace my whole lineage. 1767 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. (new ed.) II. 233 When the lineage is clearly made out, there is no need of this auxiliary proof. 1835 E. Bulwer-Lytton Rienzi I. i. i. 7 The quiet and lowly spirit of my mother's humble lineage. 1852 H. B. Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin I. vii. 82 She was also so white as not to be known as of colored lineage, without a critical survey. 1875 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. (ed. 2) I. xiii. 546 Norman lineage was vulgarly regarded as the more honourable. †b. said of animals and inanimate objects. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > domestic animal > [noun] > livestock > stock or breed lineagea1500 breed1553 seminary1607 strain1607 thoroughbredness1846 the world > existence and causation > causation > source or origin > [noun] > common origin > development from lineage1635 a1500 (?a1400) Sir Torrent of Portyngale (1887) l. 491 Ther be hawkes, ase I herd seyne, That byn of lenage gene. 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 323 These are said to refuse copulation with any other Horsses that are not of their owne kind and linage. 1635 J. Swan Speculum Mundi v. §2. 159 White hoar-frost is of the house and linage of dew. 1693 T. P. Blount Nat. Hist. 195 They proceed in the Main from the same Stock and Linage, and are all more or less of the Kindred of Salts. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 103 Distinguish all betimes, with branding Fire; To note the Tribe, the Lineage, and The Sire. View more context for this quotation 2. quasi-concrete. (Chiefly collective) †a. The persons through whom one's ‘lineage’ (sense 1) is traced; one's ancestors collectively. [So French lignage, in opposition to lignée = descendants.] Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > ancestor > [noun] > collectively fatherOE forthfatherc1000 eldringsc1300 lineage13.. ancestry?a1400 fore-eldersa1400 ancestory1642 majority1646 13.. K. Alis. 3068 Thow woldest geve vyl trowage; So dude never non of thy lynage. 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur v. x Duke Iosue and Machabeus were of oure lygnage. 1508 W. Kennedy Flyting (Chepman & Myllar) in Poems W. Dunbar (1998) I. 213 My linage [a1586 lenagis] and forebearis war ay lele. 1557 T. North tr. A. de Guevara Diall Princes f. 46 His linage was not of the lowest sort of the people..but were men that lyved by the swete of their browes. b. The descendants of a specified ancestor [= French lignée] . †Also rarely applied to an individual descendant. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > descendant > [noun] sonOE lineage1303 rootc1330 impinga1340 after-comera1382 nephewa1387 impc1412 descentc1475 branch1535 descendant1569 stirp1574 scion1591 sprig1591 slip1594 sprout?1611 posterior1889 ancestor1920 society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > descendant > [noun] > collectively bairn-teamc885 kinc950 seedOE teamOE offspringOE kindOE childrenc1175 lineage1303 generationa1325 issuea1325 successiona1340 kindredc1350 progenya1382 posterityc1410 sequelc1440 ligneea1450 posterior1509 genealogy1513 propagation1536 racea1547 postery1548 after-spring1583 bowela1593 afterworld1594 loin1608 descendance1617 succession1618 proles1640 descent1667 ramage1936 1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 2883 She wepte nat for any outrage But for of here come no lynage; Þat no fruyt of here myȝt spryng [Fr. pur defaute de ligne]. ?a1400 Arthur 269 Y am þeir Eyr & þeyre lynage. 1430–40 J. Lydgate tr. Bochas Fall of Princes (1554) i. vii. 10 Tencrease his lynage..He toke a wife that was but yong of age. c1480 (a1400) St. Placidus 254 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 76 Þat herytag þat to man I hicht & his lynag. 1485 W. Caxton tr. Thystorye & Lyf Charles the Grete sig. bj/2 Pepyn..was chosen kyng of Fraunce whan the lygnage of kyng cloys faylled. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. clxxxiij With hym died..heires of greate parentage in the Southe parte, whose linages reuenged their deaths. ?1573 L. Lloyd Pilgrimage of Princes f. 167^v Fully perswaded with hym self, that he was of the linage of the Gods. 1623 tr. A. Favyn Theater of Honour & Knight-hood vi. iii. 118 Of this Mariage ensued a plenteous lignage, to witt, three Sonnes and foure Daughters. 1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 34. ⁋3 I am now arrived at that part of life in which every man is expected to settle and provide for the continuation of his lineage. 1838 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece (new ed.) II. xii. 154 Callias, a seer sprung from the gifted lineage of Iamus. 1863 H. Cox Inst. Eng. Govt. i. vii. 65 The dignity of the peerage..was confined to the lineage of the person ennobled. figurative.1863 A. W. Kinglake Invasion of Crimea I. ii. 35 The ‘Eastern Question’, as it was called, had become consecrated by its descent through a great lineage of Statesmen. c. A family or race viewed with reference to its descent; a tribe, clan. spec. in Cultural Anthropology, patri- or matrilineal descent within a social group traced from a single ancestor; also occasionally the traditional line of descent for the handing down of skills and knowledge pertaining to a particular craft or profession. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinship group > stock, race, or family > [noun] kinc825 strindc900 maegtheOE i-cundeeOE birdeOE houseOE kindOE kindreda1225 bloodc1300 strainc1330 lineage?a1366 generationa1382 progenya1382 stock1382 nationc1395 tribec1400 ligneea1450 lifec1450 family1474 prosapy?a1475 parentage1490 stirpc1503 pedigree1532 racea1547 stem?c1550 breed1596 progenies1673 familia1842 uji1876 society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > lineage or descent > [adjective] > either side lineage?a1366 the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > [noun] > skill or art > skill or craftsmanship > line of descent of skills lineage1952 ?a1366 Romaunt Rose 258 She [Envye] is ful glad, in hir corage, If she see any greet linage Be brought to nought in shamful wise. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1871) III. 51 Þat was þe bygynnynge of þe þraldom of þe ten lynages of Israel. c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (1839) xxi. 224 The first Nacyoun or Lynage was clept Tartar. 1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) xlii. 65 The fait or dede, whiche..the humayne lygnage bought ful dere. 1532 Galway Arch. in 10th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1885) App. v. 405 Whatsoever man or woman shall make any comperacion betwixt lynadge and [l]inadge..shuld..forfayte an hundrid shillinges. 1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies i. xxv. 80 From him sprang two families or linages. 1870 L. H. Morgan Syst. Consanguinity 151 There were but five other nations of the same immediate lineage of whom we have any knowledge. 1877 L. H. Morgan Anc. Society ii. 69 The gens came into being upon three principal conceptions, namely; the bond of kin, a pure lineage through descent in the female line, and non-intermarriage in the gens. 1934 R. H. Lowie Introd. Cultural Anthropol. xiv. 254 A clan including only descendants of a single ancestor is a ‘lineage’. Commonly it includes members of two or more lineages, but the concept remains the same. 1949 M. Fortes Social Struct. 62 Genealogies are cited to show that the founding ancestors of the lineages occupying the townships..came there some ten to twelve generations ago. 1951 R. Firth Elements Social Organization ii. 53 The Tikopia lineages are patrilineal, membership being traced through the father along the male line to an original male ancestor. 1952 H. H. Gerth & D. A. Martindale tr. M. Weber Anc. Judaism i. ii. 28 Cain is the tribal father of the smith and the musician... It may, thus, be assumed that at the time of the establishment of this lineage such artisans, in Palestine as in India, were guest people. 1957 M. Banton West Afr. City vii. 123 Marriage is an arrangement between two lineages. 1963 Listener 7 Feb. 231/1 Arabic documents held by the mosques and the clerical lineages in Northern Nigeria and in Northern Ghana. 1971 World Archaeol. 3 217 Each village has a number of smiths of varying degrees of training and competence each assisted by novices who together form a lineage. attributive.1949 M. Fortes Social Struct. 65 Continuity in the social structure..is maintained by the lineage system.1951 R. Firth Elements Social Organization ii. 54 They and their immediate lineage members form a recognized class of ‘chiefly houses’.1957 V. W. Turner Schism & Continuity in Afr. Society v. 152 They consolidate the rest of the..lineage membership against them.1964 J. Gould & W. L. Kolb Dict. Social Sci. 391/2 Relations between the local groups, which may vary in size and locality over time, can none the less be seen as persistent and relatively stable. In this case lineages may compose a total structure or system, the lineage structure or the lineage system. Draft additions 1997 3. Biology. A sequence of species each of which is considered to have evolved from its predecessor. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > heredity or hereditary descent > [noun] > line of descent > species each evolving from predecessor lineage1940 line1951 1940 J. S. L. Gilmour in J. S. Huxley New Systematics 469 The palaeobiologist..working with fossil material, expresses his phylogenetic judgments in terms of lineages. For example, Arkell and Moy Thomas..describe parallel lineages in the evolution of the Ammonites in Devonian rocks. 1951 G. S. Carter Animal Evol. i. 30 This conception is very different from that generally held a few years ago. A population was then thought of as consisting of many lines or lineages, each evolving more or less independently and replacing each other as the result of natural selection. 1983 E. C. Minkoff Evolutionary Biol. xvii. 278/2 A lineage is defined as a succession of species arranged in a continuous ancestor-to-descendant sequence. 1992 Discover May 30/2 Anthropologists..had assumed that all modern humans descended from Homo erectus, a hominid lineage that left Africa a million years ago. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.13..
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