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单词 liable
释义

liableadj.

Brit. /ˈlʌɪəbl/, U.S. /ˈlaɪəb(ə)l/
Forms: Also 1500s–1600s lyable, (1600s layable).
Etymology: Plausibly explained as < Anglo-Norman *liable = medieval Latin *ligābilis that can be bound, < ligāre, French lier to bind; but if this be the origin, it is strange that the word is not known in Anglo-Norman or Law Latin.
1. Law.
a. Bound or obliged by law or equity, or in accordance with a rule or convention; answerable (for, also const. †to with the same sense); legally subject or amenable to.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > legal obligation > [adjective] > legally liable
liable1542
passive1577
society > morality > duty or obligation > responsibility > [adjective] > responsible, answerable, or liable
accountablec1400
accountant1429
answerable1446
responsalc1460
countable1495
liable1542
chargeable1546
responsable1565
correspondent1612
countant1638
responsible1640
responsive1642
amenablea1781
1542–3 Act 34 & 35 Hen. VIII c. 4 §4 His landes..and cattalles, shall be charged and lyable to the execucion of the sayde recouery.
1627 J. Mead Let. 24 Nov. in R. F. Williams Birch's Court & Times Charles I (1848) (modernized text) I. 208 None were liable to martial law but martial men.
1636 D. Featley Clavis Mystica x. 131 Those that are lyable to your authority and jurisdiction.
1649 G. Langbaine Answer Vniv. Oxford 40 Their having the Custody..of the Gaole,..and their being liable to Escapes.
1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxii. 120 Every Member is lyable by himself for the whole [debt].
1761 Descr. S. Carolina 34 The Species of Goods liable to Duties, are Sugar, Rum, Madeira Wine.
1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. 107 The territory of England is liable to two divisions; the one ecclesiastical, the other civil.
1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. 470 The freehold was vested in the parson; and,..on his death..would be liable to his debts and incumbrances.
1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) I. 493 It is some~what doubtful whether trusts were originally liable to Crown debts.
1832 G. C. Lewis Remarks Use & Abuse Polit. Terms iii. 26 A sovereign..can never be liable to any legal duties.
1866 A. Crump Pract. Treat. Banking v. 126 A premature release of a party liable on the bill.
1867 C. S. Parker in Quest. for Ref. Parl. 158 Persons liable to income-tax.
1886 Law Rep.: Chancery Div. 32 46 Every one of the partners is liable to the full extent of his fortune for all the debts incurred by the partnership.
1891 Law Times Rep. 63 765/1 The defendants were liable as principals, as they had contracted in their own names without any qualification.
b. const. infinitive.
ΚΠ
1637 in R. F. Williams Birch's Court & Times Charles I (1848) (modernized text) II. 268 There is a little demur whether an executor is liable to answer damages.
1683 in Rec. Early Hist. Boston (1881) VII. 160 Candles made up for sale shall..be liable to be weighed and forfeited for want of being full weight.
1688 in Colonial Rec. Pennsylvania (1852) I. 219 Wherein Land were made Layable to pay debts.
1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. 254 It is reasonable that, wherever they transgress it, there they shall be liable to make atonement.
1808 Z. M. Pike Acct. Exped. Sources Mississippi (1810) iii. App. 45 The property of any officer or soldier, who is killed on the field of battle..is not liable to be taken for debt.
1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) II. 460 The estate descended is the creditor's, and liable to pay his debts.
1825 Act 6 George IV c. 50 §1 Every man..who shall occupy a house containing not less than fifteen windows, shall be..liable to serve on juries.
1832 H. Martineau Ella of Garveloch ii. 27 Will our growing rich make us liable to pay what your honour calls real rent?
2. Of land: ? Subject to taxation. †Also said of the tax. ? Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > charges > [adjective] > falling as a charge
liable1629
incumbent1670
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > tax > types of tax > [adjective] > liable or subject to land tax
geldable1610
liable1629
1629 Vse of Law 56 in J. Doddridge Lawyers Light The Land was not lyable longer than his owne life-time.
1647 in W. S. Pattee Hist. Old Braintree (Mass.) (1878) 33 His tax shall be still liable as heretofore.
1817 J. Bradbury Trav. Amer. 292 No land tax is expected until five years after the purchase, when land becomes liable.
3.
a. Exposed or subject to, or likely to suffer from (something prejudicial); in older use with wider sense, †subject to the operation of (any agency), likely to undergo (a change of any kind). Normally const. to; rarely †of, also † for with accusative and infinitive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > operation upon something > [adjective] > involving subjection to action or influence > able or liable to be affected
subjectablea1382
subject1549
occurrent1566
obnoxious1572
prostitute1591
liable1593
incident1603
patible1603
susceptible1605
obvious1609
recipient1610
affectable1611
susceptive1637
receptivea1676
ticklish1681
subjectiblea1732
vacant1751
timid1764
susceptible1883
impressionable1889
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > danger > [adjective] > exposed to danger > vulnerable
openeOE
subjectc1384
pregnablec1475
opportunea1500
casuala1535
wide open?1544
obnoxious1572
assailable1589
liable1593
abnoxious1611
woundable1611
obnoxious1612
speeding1612
infectible1634
sufferable1651
attackable1656
vulnerable1678
prejudicial1682
threatenable1841
doable1849
infectable1860
1593 T. Nashe Christs Teares 8 You should not be lyable to so much blame.
1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. 157 To shew himself lyable to no fault [L. nulli obnoxium culpæ].
1627 R. Perrot Tithes 62 He..is lyable to all those curses.
1643 J. Burroughes Expos. Prophesie Hosea First Three Chapters 263 She shall be laid open, lyable for all wilde beasts to come in and to devoure her.
1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica ii. i. 52 [Crystall] by the art of Chymistry is separable unto the operations whereof it is lyable, with other concretions, as calcination, reverberation, sublimation, distillation. View more context for this quotation
1662 Bk. Common Prayer Pref. Either of doubtful signification, or otherwise liable to misconstruction.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vi. 397 Not liable to fear or flight or paine. View more context for this quotation
1668 J. Howe Blessedness of Righteous Disc. (1825) 55 Those [perfections] which are less liable to our apprehension.
1692 R. Bentley Boyle Lect. i. 23 Some..Wretches, or..Hypocrites..are mostly justly..liable to these horrours of mind.
1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 56. ¶4 He..found that though they were Objects of his Sight, they were not liable to his Touch.
1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 421. ⁋5 The Imagination is as liable to Pain as Pleasure.
1752 D. Hume Ess. & Treat. (1777) I. 171 There is one mistake to which they seem liable.
1769 ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra (1772) I. v. 43 Your declaration..is liable to two objections.
1801 A. Hamilton in N.Y. Evening Post 24 Dec. 2/5 Reasons..which..are omitted as being more liable to dispute.
1846 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) i. 5 Her eyes were liable to a similar affection.
1860 J. Ruskin Mod. Painters V. 83 At edges of loose cliffs..and in other places liable to disturbance.
1880 A. Geikie Elem. Lessons Physical Geogr. (new ed.) v. §31. 352 Sea breezes are not liable to the same extremes of temperature as those from the land.
b. Const. infinitive. Subject to the possibility of (doing or undergoing something undesirable).
ΚΠ
1682 T. Creech tr. Lucretius De natura rerum i. 27 All would be as liable to die, Subject to powerful Mortality.
1683 W. Penn Wks. (1782) IV. 302 The multitude of trees..being liable to retain mists and vapours.
1736 Bp. J. Butler Analogy of Relig. i. iv. 74 Human Creatures are..continually liable to go wrong voluntarily.
1749 Ld. Chesterfield Let. 24 Nov. (1932) (modernized text) IV. 1444 He thought that gentleman was more liable to be thanked and rewarded, than censured. You know, I presume, that liable can never be used in a good sense.]
1786 E. Burke Articles of Charge against W. Hastings in Wks. (1842) II. 178 They were..liable to suffer the greatest extremities of penury.
1800 J. Bentham Wks. (1843) X. 352 Difficulties, I am sensible, may be liable to occur.
1858 J. Ruskin Arrows of Chace (1880) I. 130 Some colours are..liable to darken in perpetual shade.
1893 H. P. Liddon et al. Life E. B. Pusey I. xvi. 376 The method, however equitable the intention, is liable to be inequitable in effect.
1896 Portfolio June 80 Ground so liable to be overflowed must surely at one time have been a swamp.
c. dialect and U.S. Likely.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > probability, likelihood > [adjective]
likelya1400
seemlya1400
probable?a1425
allowablec1443
seeming?c1450
apt1528
topical1594
liking1611
suspicable1651
presumable1655
feasible1656
suspected1706
in the cards1764
on the cards1788
in the dice1844
liable1888
better-than-chance1964
1888 F. T. Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. (at cited word) Speaking of a wounded hen pheasant a farmer said, 'Tis very liable he's a-croped into one o' these here hovers.
1890 R. D. Blackmore Kit & Kitty I. ix. 95 Ould dog be put out at zix o'clock riglar, and 'tis liable he'll hurn straight to 'e.
1901 S. Merwin & H. K. Webster Calumet ‘K’ xi. 198 He's liable to call our men out to-night, ain't he?
1903 A. Adams Log of Cowboy vii. 48 These fellows are not liable to need any guns for some time.
1903 N.Y. Evening Post 22 Aug. Norman Hunter's new record..is liable to stand unmolested for many years.
1935 H. W. Horwill Dict. Mod. Amer. Usage 189/1 ‘Boston is liable to be the ultimate place for holding the convention.’ ‘If the lawmakers get back before the frosts kill the vegetation, many of them are liable to think it a reproach to the nation that grass should be growing in the streets of the national capital.’
1957 B. Evans & C. Evans Dict. Contemp. Amer. Usage 273/1 An American might say we are liable to be in Chicago next week without meaning that that would be a calamity.
4. Incident to. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > occurrence > [adjective] > liable to happen
probable?a1425
likely1437
casualc1440
incident1488
incidental to1616
liable1619
1619 J. Denison Heauenly Banquet 242 The curse of God is liable to euery one.
1746 E. Haywood Female Spectator No. 24 (1748) IV. 285 The faults of inadvertency are liable to us all.
5. Subject or subservient to; attached or belonging to. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > subjection > [adjective]
underheilda1300
underlouta1300
underling?1370
subjecta1382
obeisantc1390
obedienta1398
subditc1430
subordinatec1485
subjugal?c1500
liablec1571
subaltern1581
regardant1583
obnoxious1591
vassal1594
servient1606
subservient1638
succumbent1647
ancillary1667
secondary1667
supposite1677
discretional1776
obedientiary1794
heteronomousa1871
satellite1882
c1571 E. Campion Two Bks. Hist. Ireland (1963) i. vi. 24 Other lawyers they have, liable to certaine families.
1596 Raigne of Edward III sig. B2 Those are her owne still liable to her. View more context for this quotation
1596 W. Warner Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) ii. lxii. 270 If sad were she, then sad was he: if merrie, merrie too: His Senses liable to all, she did, or did not doe.
a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) ii. i. 491 Angiers, and..all that we vpon this side the Sea..Finde liable to our Crowne and Dignitie.
a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) v. ii. 101.
1616 J. Bullokar Eng. Expositor Liable, subject to, belonging to.
6. Suitable, apt. Also const. infinitive. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > suitability or appropriateness > [adjective]
goodeOE
rightOE
queemlOE
belonglOE
behovingc1175
limplyc1200
tidefula1300
avenantc1300
mackc1330
worthy1340
hemea1350
convenientc1374
seemlya1375
shapelyc1374
ablea1382
cordant1382
meetc1385
accordable1386
accordinga1387
appurtenantc1386
pertinentc1390
accordanta1393
likea1393
setea1400
throa1400
agreeablec1425
habilec1425
suitly1426
competentc1430
suiting1431
fitc1440
proportionablec1443
justc1450
congruent?a1475
cordinga1475
congruec1475
afferant1480
belonging1483
cordable1485
hovable1508
attainanta1513
accommodate1525
agreeing1533
respondent1533
opportunate?1541
appropriate1544
commode1549
familiar1553
apt1563
pliant1565
liable1570
sortly1570
competible1586
sortable1586
fitty1589
accommodable1592
congruable1603
affining1606
feated1606
suity1607
reputable1611
suited1613
idoneousa1615
matchable1614
suitablea1616
congruous1631
fitten1642
responsal1647
appropriated1651
adapt1658
mack-like1672
squared1698
homogeneous1708
applicable1711
unforeign1718
fitted1736
congenial1738
assorted1790
accommodatable1874
OK1925
1570 Queen's Councell's Let. 7 Feb. in Notes & Queries (1857) 1 Aug. To chewse persons lyable to give good informacion.
1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost v. i. 87 Peda. The posterior of the day..is liable, congruent, and measurable for the after noone. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) iv. ii. 227 Finding thee..Apt, liable to be employ'd in danger. View more context for this quotation
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1902; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.1542
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