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单词 difficul
释义

difficuladj.

Forms: late Middle English deffykel, late Middle English dyffycle, 1500s difficull, 1500s–1600s difficul; Scottish pre-1700 difficle, pre-1700 difficul.
Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: difficult adj.
Etymology: Origin uncertain. Perhaps an alteration of difficult adj., with loss of final t perhaps arising from analysis of difficulty n. as a formation in -ty suffix1, or perhaps from association with difficile adj., some early forms of which are difficult to distinguish from the present word. It is not certain that all of the examples presented here show the same origin.The form deffykel in quot. ?a1450 may rather represent an error for difficult adj., with loss of t arising from misanalysis of word division in the combination difficult to (compare e.g. quot. a14001 at difficult adj. 1a). Some later uses may reflect awareness of Old Latin difficul (cited by Nonius from Varro, and listed by some 16th-cent. sources, for instance in various editions of Sir Thomas Elyot's Latin-English dictionary), earlier form of classical Latin difficile , neuter of difficilis difficile adj. (compare simul at the same time (see simultaneous adj.), procul far away (see proculstant n.)), with loss of final e after l ; compare animal animal n. With forms in -cle perhaps compare -cle suffix.
Obsolete.
= difficult adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > difficulty > [adjective]
arvethc885
uneathOE
arvethlichc1000
evilc1175
hardc1175
deara1225
derfa1225
illc1330
wickeda1375
uneasy1398
difficul?a1450
difficile?1473
difficulta1527
unready1535
craggy1582
spiny1604
tough1619
uphill1622
shrewda1626
spinousa1638
scabrous1646
spinose1660
rugged1663
cranka1745
tight1764
thraward1818
nasty1828
upstream1847
awkward1860
pricklyc1862
bristling1871
sticky1871
rocky1873
dodgy1898
challengeful1927
solid1943
ball-busting1944
challenging1975
the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > unintelligibility > depth, obscurity > [adjective]
higheOE
dighela1000
deepc1000
darkOE
starkOE
dusk?c1225
subtle1340
dimc1350
subtilea1393
covert1393
mystica1398
murka1400
cloudyc1400
hard?c1400
mistyc1400
unclearc1400
diffuse1430
abstractc1450
diffused?1456
exquisitec1460
obnubilous?a1475
obscure?a1475
covered1484
intricate?a1500
nice?a1500
perplexeda1500
difficilea1513
difficult1530
privy1532
smoky1533
secret1535
abstruse?1549
difficul1552
entangled1561
confounded1572
darksome1574
obnubilate1575
enigmatical1576
confuse1577
mysteriousa1586
Delphic1598
obfuscatea1600
enfumed1601
Delphicala1603
obstruse1604
abstracted1605
confused1611
questionable1611
inevident1614
recondite1619
cryptic1620
obfuscated1620
transcendent1624
Delphian1625
oraculous1625
enigmatic1628
recluse1629
abdite1635
undilucidated1635
clouded1641
benighted1647
oblite1650
researched1653
obnubilated1658
obscurative1664
tenebrose1677
hyperbyssal1691
condite1695
diffusive1709
profound1710
tenebricose1730
oracular1749
opaque1761
unenlightening1768
darkling1795
offuscating1798
unrecognizable1817
tough1820
abstrusive1848
obscurant1878
out-of-focus1891
unplumbable1895
inenubilable1903
non-transparent1939
?a1450 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (BL Add. 12056) (1894) 99 Olde woundys, whiche þat beþ deffykel [a1400 Ashm. difficult; L. difficilia] to be consoudyde.
a1500 tr. A. Chartier Famylyer Dyaloge Freende & Felaw (Sion Coll. London) (1989) 39 Y can spede a man that yt may be hadde, but the maner of havyng ys dyffycle and harde [L. difficile].
1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Difficull reason, obscuratio, obscurum argumentum. Diffuse or difficull, obscurus.
1564 R. Fills tr. M. Luther Treat. Medit. Trew & Perfect Consol. ii. ii. f. 35 It is a hard saying and difficul [Fr. C'est vne grande chose], to say that the death which is to others the greatist of all euelles, shalbee to vs the moste excellent gaine and profit.
1615 State Papers Earl of Melrose (1837) I. 240 How difficle a thing it is, to find out such a number of ranagates.
1650 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ (ed. 2) 112 Certain..words..accounted the difficulst [1647, 1688 difficultest] in all the whole Castilian language.

Derivatives

difficully adv.
ΚΠ
1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Difficullye, difficile.
1681 S. Pordage tr. T. Willis Of Feavers in Remaining Med. Wks. viii. 91 According as these succeed, now more suddenly, now more slowly, and difficully, this Disease is finished in a shorter, or longer time.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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adj.?a1450
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