lengthenv.

Brit.

/ˈlɛŋ(k)θn/,

/ˈlɛnθn/, U.S.

/ˈlɛŋθən/

Forms: Also 1500s Scottish lenthin, 1600s lenthen.

Etymology: < length n.; compare length v. and -en suffix⁵.

a. transitive. To make longer, increase the length of, whether in material or immaterial sense; to elongate, prolong, protract. Also with out (†rarely on).

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > duration > have duration [verb (transitive)] > cause to endure, sustain, or prolong

lengOE

drawOE

teec1200

forlengtha1300

lengtha1300

drivec1300

tarryc1320

proloynec1350

continuec1380

to draw alonga1382

longa1382

dretch1393

conservea1398

to draw (out) in, into, at, or on lengtha1400

prorogue1419

prolongc1425

aroomc1440

prorogate?a1475

protend?a1475

dilate1489

forlong1496

relong1523

to draw out1542

sustentate1542

linger1543

defer1546

pertract1548

propagate1548

protract1548

linger1550

lengthen1555

train1556

detract?a1562

to make forth (long, longer)1565

stretch1568

extend1574

extenuate1583

dree1584

wire-draw1598

to spin out1603

trail1604

disabridge1605

produce1605

continuate1611

out-length1617

spin1629

to eke out1641

producta1670

prolongate1671

drawl1694

drag1697

perennate1698

string1867

perennialize1898

the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > longitudinal extent > [verb (transitive)] > lengthen

elongc1420

protend?a1475

lengthen1555

extend1569

produce1570

prolong1574

elongate1578

carry1587

run1630

continue1667

to run outa1670

prolongate1671

1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 215 All suche as sayled..towarde the West, dyd greatly lengthen the day.

1594 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 i. ii. 12 Reach at it, and if thine arme be too short, Mine shall lengthen it.

1602 J. Marston Hist. Antonio & Mellida iii. sig. F3^v This vengeance..will lengthen out My daies vnmeasuredly.

1611 Bible (King James) 1 Kings iii. 14 Then I will lengthen thy dayes.

1614–15 Acc. in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. (1886) II. 487 For lenthning a wymble.

c1700 To Celia in Coll. Poems 54 I must to lengthen on the Pleasure Dwell on thy Lips, and Kiss by leisure.

1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 112. ¶3 Sometimes he will be lengthening out a Verse in the Singing-Psalms half a Minute after the rest of the Congregation have done with it.

1712 W. Rogers Cruising Voy. 5 We lengthen'd our Mizen-Mast four Foot and a half.

1797 A. Radcliffe Italian I. i. 10 He lengthened his visit till there was no longer an excuse for doing so.

a1807 W. Wordsworth Prelude (1959) xii. 472 The bare white roads Lengthening in solitude their dreary line.

1858 N. Hawthorne Fr. & Ital. Jrnls. (1872) I. 35 The corridor was of immense length, and seemed to lengthen itself before us.

1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) V. 101 The life of peace is that which men should chiefly desire to lengthen out and improve.

1885 Spectator 18 July 945/2 Twenty-nine such works are enumerated, and the list might be lengthened.

b. with reference to phonetic quantity.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > [verb (transitive)] > lengthen or shorten

prolongc1560

shorten1589

trail1604

lengthen1667

abbreviate1668

1667 [implied in: J. Dryden Let. to Sir R. Howard in Annus Mirabilis 1666 Pref. Besides so many other helps of Grammatical Figures, for the lengthning or abbreviation of them [sc. syllables]. (at lengthening n. a)].

1755 S. Johnson Gram., Of Vowels It [E] does not always lengthen the foregoing vowel, as glŏve, lĭve, gĭve.

1891 H. Bradley Stratmann's M.-E. Dict. Pref. p. viii A short vowel which has been lengthened by position.

†c. Used for: To eke out, cause to last longer. Also with out. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > completeness > make complete [verb (transitive)] > complete, fill up, or make up > by supplying what is wanting

performa1382

supplyc1480

upmake1485

to make up1488

mend?a1505

to stop, to fill (in or up), to supply a gap?1523

to eke out1596

help out (also through)1600

size1608

echea1616

inch out1620

to eke up1633

supplete1664

lengthen1670

supplement1749

to husband out1762

sort1880

piecenc1900

1670 Narborough in Acct. Several Late Voy. (1711) i. 56 I do intend to salt up a quantity of each, to carry to Sea with me to lengthen out my Provisions.

1712 W. Rogers Cruising Voy. 255 We agreed for the Gallapagos to get Turtle to lengthen our Provisions.

1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson ii. viii. 220 We carried a number of them [sc. green turtle] with us to sea, which proved of great service..in lengthning out our store of provision.

a. intransitive. To become longer.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > longitudinal extent > extend longitudinally [verb (intransitive)] > become longer

lengthen1695

prolong1816

the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > [verb (intransitive)] > lengthen or shorten

lengthen1877

1695 J. Locke Further Considerations conc. Raising Value of Money 21 One may as well make a Yard, whose parts lengthen and shrink, as [etc.].

1707 tr. P. Le Lorrain de Vallemont Curiosities in Husbandry & Gardening 257 The stems will soon show themselves, and lengthen.

1726 A. Pope tr. Homer Odyssey V. xxiv. 408 His breath lengthens, and his pulses beat.

1798 W. S. Landor Gebir i. 205 And eyes that languished, lengthening, just like love.

1813 P. B. Shelley Queen Mab v. 61 The chain That lengthens as it goes.

1877 F. A. March Compar. Gram. Anglo-Saxon Lang. 26 Under the accent the simple vowels a, i, u, lengthen by prefixing a and â.

1878 M. A. Brown tr. J. L. Runeberg Nadeschda 82 Daylight fades, the shadows slowly lengthen.

b. Military. (See quot. 1802.)

ΚΠ

1802 C. James New Mil. Dict. To lengthen out, in a military sense, means to stride out.

Derivatives

† ˈlengthener n. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > duration > [noun] > long duration or lasting through time > lengthening in duration or prolonging > one who draws out

prolonger1548

wire-drawer1566

lengthener?1577

protracter1611

protractor1611

?1577 Misogonus in R. W. Bond Early Plays from Ital. (1911) 250 Thou art the lenghtner of my life the curar of my care.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1902; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	lengthen
释义	lengthenv. Brit. /ˈlɛŋ(k)θn/, /ˈlɛnθn/, U.S. /ˈlɛŋθən/ Forms: Also 1500s Scottish lenthin, 1600s lenthen. Etymology: < length n.; compare length v. and -en suffix⁵. 1. a. transitive. To make longer, increase the length of, whether in material or immaterial sense; to elongate, prolong, protract. Also with out (†rarely on). ΘΚΠ the world > time > duration > have duration [verb (transitive)] > cause to endure, sustain, or prolong lengOE drawOE teec1200 forlengtha1300 lengtha1300 drivec1300 tarryc1320 proloynec1350 continuec1380 to draw alonga1382 longa1382 dretch1393 conservea1398 to draw (out) in, into, at, or on lengtha1400 prorogue1419 prolongc1425 aroomc1440 prorogate?a1475 protend?a1475 dilate1489 forlong1496 relong1523 to draw out1542 sustentate1542 linger1543 defer1546 pertract1548 propagate1548 protract1548 linger1550 lengthen1555 train1556 detract?a1562 to make forth (long, longer)1565 stretch1568 extend1574 extenuate1583 dree1584 wire-draw1598 to spin out1603 trail1604 disabridge1605 produce1605 continuate1611 out-length1617 spin1629 to eke out1641 producta1670 prolongate1671 drawl1694 drag1697 perennate1698 string1867 perennialize1898 the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > longitudinal extent > [verb (transitive)] > lengthen elongc1420 protend?a1475 lengthen1555 extend1569 produce1570 prolong1574 elongate1578 carry1587 run1630 continue1667 to run outa1670 prolongate1671 1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 215 All suche as sayled..towarde the West, dyd greatly lengthen the day. 1594 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 i. ii. 12 Reach at it, and if thine arme be too short, Mine shall lengthen it. 1602 J. Marston Hist. Antonio & Mellida iii. sig. F3^v This vengeance..will lengthen out My daies vnmeasuredly. 1611 Bible (King James) 1 Kings iii. 14 Then I will lengthen thy dayes. View more context for this quotation 1614–15 Acc. in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. (1886) II. 487 For lenthning a wymble. c1700 To Celia in Coll. Poems 54 I must to lengthen on the Pleasure Dwell on thy Lips, and Kiss by leisure. 1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 112. ¶3 Sometimes he will be lengthening out a Verse in the Singing-Psalms half a Minute after the rest of the Congregation have done with it. 1712 W. Rogers Cruising Voy. 5 We lengthen'd our Mizen-Mast four Foot and a half. 1797 A. Radcliffe Italian I. i. 10 He lengthened his visit till there was no longer an excuse for doing so. a1807 W. Wordsworth Prelude (1959) xii. 472 The bare white roads Lengthening in solitude their dreary line. 1858 N. Hawthorne Fr. & Ital. Jrnls. (1872) I. 35 The corridor was of immense length, and seemed to lengthen itself before us. 1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) V. 101 The life of peace is that which men should chiefly desire to lengthen out and improve. 1885 Spectator 18 July 945/2 Twenty-nine such works are enumerated, and the list might be lengthened. b. with reference to phonetic quantity. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > [verb (transitive)] > lengthen or shorten prolongc1560 shorten1589 trail1604 lengthen1667 abbreviate1668 1667 [implied in: J. Dryden Let. to Sir R. Howard in Annus Mirabilis 1666 Pref. Besides so many other helps of Grammatical Figures, for the lengthning or abbreviation of them [sc. syllables]. (at lengthening n. a)]. 1755 S. Johnson Gram., Of Vowels It [E] does not always lengthen the foregoing vowel, as glŏve, lĭve, gĭve. 1891 H. Bradley Stratmann's M.-E. Dict. Pref. p. viii A short vowel which has been lengthened by position. †c. Used for: To eke out, cause to last longer. Also with out. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > completeness > make complete [verb (transitive)] > complete, fill up, or make up > by supplying what is wanting performa1382 supplyc1480 upmake1485 to make up1488 mend?a1505 to stop, to fill (in or up), to supply a gap?1523 to eke out1596 help out (also through)1600 size1608 echea1616 inch out1620 to eke up1633 supplete1664 lengthen1670 supplement1749 to husband out1762 sort1880 piecenc1900 1670 Narborough in Acct. Several Late Voy. (1711) i. 56 I do intend to salt up a quantity of each, to carry to Sea with me to lengthen out my Provisions. 1712 W. Rogers Cruising Voy. 255 We agreed for the Gallapagos to get Turtle to lengthen our Provisions. 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson ii. viii. 220 We carried a number of them [sc. green turtle] with us to sea, which proved of great service..in lengthning out our store of provision. 2. a. intransitive. To become longer. ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > longitudinal extent > extend longitudinally [verb (intransitive)] > become longer lengthen1695 prolong1816 the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > [verb (intransitive)] > lengthen or shorten lengthen1877 1695 J. Locke Further Considerations conc. Raising Value of Money 21 One may as well make a Yard, whose parts lengthen and shrink, as [etc.]. 1707 tr. P. Le Lorrain de Vallemont Curiosities in Husbandry & Gardening 257 The stems will soon show themselves, and lengthen. 1726 A. Pope tr. Homer Odyssey V. xxiv. 408 His breath lengthens, and his pulses beat. 1798 W. S. Landor Gebir i. 205 And eyes that languished, lengthening, just like love. 1813 P. B. Shelley Queen Mab v. 61 The chain That lengthens as it goes. 1877 F. A. March Compar. Gram. Anglo-Saxon Lang. 26 Under the accent the simple vowels a, i, u, lengthen by prefixing a and â. 1878 M. A. Brown tr. J. L. Runeberg Nadeschda 82 Daylight fades, the shadows slowly lengthen. b. Military. (See quot. 1802.) ΚΠ 1802 C. James New Mil. Dict. To lengthen out, in a military sense, means to stride out. Derivatives † ˈlengthener n. Obsolete ΘΚΠ the world > time > duration > [noun] > long duration or lasting through time > lengthening in duration or prolonging > one who draws out prolonger1548 wire-drawer1566 lengthener?1577 protracter1611 protractor1611 ?1577 Misogonus in R. W. Bond Early Plays from Ital. (1911) 250 Thou art the lenghtner of my life the curar of my care. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1902; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < v.1555
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