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单词 leghorn
释义

Leghornn.

Brit. /ˈlɛɡ(h)ɔːn/, U.S. /ˈlɛɡˌ(h)ɔrn/, /ˈlɛɡərn/
Forms: also U.S. regional (chiefly southern) 1900s– laycorn, 1900s– leg'rn, 1900s– legon; also with lower-case initial.
Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Leghorn.
Etymology: < Leghorn ( < Italian †Legorno (1452), obsolete variant of Livorno ), traditional form in English of the name of the Italian city of Livorno on the western coast of Tuscany: see Livornese adj. and n.The city is now more generally referred to in English by the modern Italian form of the name, Livorno (unlike for instance Florence, Italian Firenze).
I. Compounds.
1. attributive.
a. Designating a hat or bonnet, typically with a wide brim, made from Leghorn straw (see sense 1b) or an imitation of it, as Leghorn hat, Leghorn straw hat, Leghorn bonnet, Leghorn chip, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [adjective] > hat > made of specific material > other
Leghorn1720
Dunstable1792
Milan1855
shaved1861
1720 Daily Courant 5 Aug. (advt.) Great Choice of Leghorn Hats, very cheap.
1742 Boston Weekly News-let. 24 June 2/2 Just imported..from London..Leghorn Hats for women.
1757 Public Advertiser 4 May (advt.) For Sale..12 Tubs Leghorn Chip Hats.
1773 Morning Chron. 21 Apr. (advt.) For Sale..65 Cases Leghorn Straw Hats.
1818 Lit. Panorama Aug. 858 He..canvassed the town, with his wife and daughters by his side, who wore Leghorn chips, unthinkingly,—but not unobservedly. The consequence was, he lost his election.
1893 F. Peel Spen Valley 271 The great leghorn bonnets which they prized so highly.
1915 F. M. Hueffer Good Soldier i. iii. 29 I seem to remember that, with that dress, she wore an immensely broad Leghorn hat.
1975 ‘R. Player’ Let's talk of Graves ii. 46 Her big grey saucer eyes, shaded by the big Leghorn hat.
1990 A. C. Danto Encounters & Refl. (1997) 28 They wear the vestments of modern leisure—Hawaiian shirts, Bermuda shorts and bikinis rather than summer frocks and leghorn straw hats.
2013 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 24 Mar. sr2 Scavengers were too busy looting trunks filled with expensive silks and Leghorn hats to attempt a rescue.
b. Designating a fine, plaited straw made from an Italian variety of wheat, used for making hats and bonnets (see sense 1a), as Leghorn plait, Leghorn straw.
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society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > plants, grasses, or reeds > [adjective] > made of straw > types of
oatena1387
wheaten1565
kexen1579
Leghorn1801
1801 York Herald 7 Feb. Hat of Leghorn Straw, in the gypsey fashion.
1805 Trans. Soc. Arts 23 223 The Gold Medal of the Society was this session voted to Mr. William Corston, of Ludgate-Hill, for a substitute, of his invention, for Leghorn Plait, for Hats, &c.
1823 New Eng. Farmer 1 Feb. 212/1 The cultivation of Leghorn straw, and the preparation of it for manufacture.
1880 Hull Packet & E. Riding Times 15 Mar. 3/6 They are made [of] Leghorn plait, chip, and fancy straw, lined with silk or satin.
1960 C. W. Cunnington et al. Dict. Eng. Costume 46/1 Clarissa Harlowe bonnet, a large bonnet of Leghorn straw, the brim brought forward on the forehead.
2009 S. Mallory Wicked Baron iii. 61 We have just purchased a new bonnet of leghorn straw from her for Carlotta.
2.
a. Designating a large breed of domestic pigeon; esp. in Leghorn runt (cf. runt n. 4a); designating a bird of this breed. Now historical.Now called Maltese.
ΚΠ
1735 J. Moore Columbarium 42 The Leghorn Runt is a stately large Pigeon, seven inches or better in Legs.
1765 Treat. Domest. Pigeons 110 I have had a hen of the Leghorn breed that weighed two pounds two ounces avoirdupoise weight.
1856 C. Darwin Let. 15 Mar. in Corr. (1990) VI. 59 I called yesterday at Mr. H. Weirs & he told me that some Leghorn Runts are to be sold on Tuesday at Stevens.
1871 Exchange & Mart 14 June 722/3 The Leghorn Runt.—Will any pigeon fancier give a description of the Leghorn runt—its colour, size, and breeding properties?
1910 C. E. Brooke Poultry-keeping xv. 128 Whether the birds be Maltese..or any other derivative of the Leghorn and Spanish Runts..the runtish characteristics of size must predominate.
1958 C. A. Naether Bk. of Pigeon (ed. 4) v. 96 This pigeon [sc. the Florentine] was in all probability originated..by crossing the Leghorn Runt, a large, runtlike ‘hen’ pigeon, with the Modena.
2013 K. van Grouw Unfeathered Bird ii. vi. 254 Its former name was the Leghorn Runt, a name that alludes to its chicken-like appearance and to its great size.
b. Designating a lightweight breed of domestic fowl that originated in Tuscany, noted as a prolific layer of large white eggs; designating a bird of this breed.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > family Phasianidae (pheasants, etc.) > genus Gallus (domestic fowl) > [noun] > types of
rumpkin1676
bantam1749
Jersey blue1758
Dorking1779
Plymouth Rock1806
Java1813
shack-bag1816
Negro fowl1835
creeper1847
Minorca1848
cuckoo fowl1850
Leghorn1850
Brahmapootra1851
Ancona1853
shanghai1853
Andalusian1854
Bolton bay1854
Corsican cock1854
jacinth1854
Minorca1854
spangle1854
yellow leg1854
Crèvecœur1855
sultan1855
Hamburg1857
Leghorn1857
Yokohama1865
Houdan1871
Langshan1871
Wyandot1881
sultan hen1882
silkie1885
Orpington1887
rock1889
silver-grey1889
Campine1892
Rhode Island Red1893
Faverolles1902
Rhode Island White1905
Malines1906
Rhode Island1914
Australorp1922
maranc1934
1850 Amer. Fowl-breeder ii. 23 The Bolton Grays are sometimes called Creole Fowls, and Leghorn Fowls.
1874 L. Wright Illustr. Bk. Poultry 425 The white Leghorn cock.
1902 Outing Apr. 64/2 A certain Mr. William Tripp..bought from a neighbour..a rose-combed Brown Leghorn cockerel to cross upon his flock of buff Malay hens.
1952 W. Goyen Ghost & Flesh 63 He'd be sitting by the washhouse studying something on his mind..and the Leghorn rooster would crow in his face.
1981 K. Thear in K. Thear & A. Fraser Compl. Bk. Livestock & Poultry (1988) i. 10 The most common first cross in Australia is the White Leghorn cock mated to Australorp hens.
2013 Country Smallholding Feb. (Poultry section) 10/3 (caption) A Beautiful Pile leghorn male.
II. Simple uses.
3.
a. A Leghorn pigeon (see sense 2a). Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > perching birds > order Columbiformes (pigeons, etc.) > domestic pigeon > [noun] > other types
porcelainc1530
turn-pate1611
light horseman1661
runt1661
smiter1668
helmet1676
mammet1678
Cortbeck1688
turbit1688
turner1688
dragoon1725
finicking1725
Leghorn1725
nun1725
owl1725
petit1725
trumpeter1725
horseman1735
Mahomet1735
barbel1736
turn-tail1736
frill-back1765
blue rock1825
beard1826
ice pigeon1829
toy1831
black1839
skinnum1839
splash1851
whole-feather1851
spangle1854
swallow1854
shield1855
stork pigeon1855
Swabian1855
yellow1855
archangel1867
dragon1867
starling1867
magpie1868
smerle1869
bluette1870
cumulet1876
oriental1876
spot fairy1876
turbiteen1876
blondinette1879
hyacinth1879
Modena pigeon1879
silver-dun1879
silverette1879
silver-mealy1879
swift pigeon1879
Victoria1879
visor1879
ice1881
swallow pigeon1881
velvet fairy1881
priesta1889
frill1890
1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Pigeon The Pigeon called the Leghorn is a sort of Runt, only distinguished by a little Wattle over his Nostril.
b. A Leghorn fowl (see sense 2b).
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > family Phasianidae (pheasants, etc.) > genus Gallus (domestic fowl) > [noun] > types of
rumpkin1676
bantam1749
Jersey blue1758
Dorking1779
Plymouth Rock1806
Java1813
shack-bag1816
Negro fowl1835
creeper1847
Minorca1848
cuckoo fowl1850
Leghorn1850
Brahmapootra1851
Ancona1853
shanghai1853
Andalusian1854
Bolton bay1854
Corsican cock1854
jacinth1854
Minorca1854
spangle1854
yellow leg1854
Crèvecœur1855
sultan1855
Hamburg1857
Leghorn1857
Yokohama1865
Houdan1871
Langshan1871
Wyandot1881
sultan hen1882
silkie1885
Orpington1887
rock1889
silver-grey1889
Campine1892
Rhode Island Red1893
Faverolles1902
Rhode Island White1905
Malines1906
Rhode Island1914
Australorp1922
maranc1934
1857 Home Circle Aug. 502/1 In fact, none of my Leghorns have ever shown that desire [sc. to sit].
1897 K. B. B. De La Bere New Poultry Guide ii. 38 Blue Andalusians, black Minorcas, and white Leghorns, all universally admitted to be prolific layers.
1926 People's Home Jrnl. Feb. 44/1 (advt.) Pure Bred Chicks. Best paying varieties. From inspected, high egg-bred flocks. Leghorns—Minorcas—Anconas—Plymouth Rocks [etc.].
1971 D. P. Furman in R. E. Pfadt Fund. Appl. Entomol. (ed. 2) xx. 598 Light breeds, such as the White Leghorn, are more susceptible to the effects of louse infestation.
2005 Grow your Own Dec. 82/2 There are some breeds such as the flightier bantams or leghorns that will roost quite happily in trees.
4.
a. A Leghorn hat or bonnet (see sense 1a).
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > hat > made of specific material > straw > types of
Dunstable1805
Leghorn1810
skimmer1830
Tuscan hat1830
boating hat1840
mushroom1843
Milan hat1855
toering1855
bergère hat1873
Zulu hat1880
boater1882
boat hat1889
straw yard1900
donkey's breakfast1901
brimmer1902
straw boater1905
balibuntal1913
1810 W. Corston Brit. Leghorn in J. Lancaster & W. Corston Brit. Syst. Educ. Cultivation of waste and barren lands for the production of the material of which the British Leghorn is made.
1818 Lady Morgan in Passages from Autobiogr. (1859) 64 I bought myself a chapeau de soleil, with corn flowers stuck in the side of it—a regular Leghorn.
1823 in Spirit of Public Jrnls. (1825) I. 6 She..split the young lady's Leghorn by one thump of her fist.
1922 ‘R. Crompton’ More William (1924) x. 170 He's taken my new silk scarf—the one I'd got to trim my Leghorn.
1993 S. Jacob Once you're over Hill xxix. 57 All colors of lace, embroideries, ribbons and blossoms were used on these picture hats... There was no way a leghorn could be unattractive.
b. The fine, plaited straw used to make Leghorn hats and bonnets: see sense 1b.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > plants, grasses, or reeds > [noun] > straw > types of
stubble1382
rye straw?1523
kex1550
helm1669
broom-straw1785
Leghorn1817
Tuscan grass1830
buntal1910
baku1927
sisal1928
1817 Ladies' Monthly Museum Dec. 341 A small French bonnet composed of black Leghorn.
1870 Ballou's Monthly Mag. July 18/2 Fig. 3 shows one made of leghorn, with a pale pink ribbon tied round it.
1906 B. Owens-Adair Some of her Life Experiences vi. 74 She knew how to bleach and whiten all kinds of leghorn and white straws.
1988 M. Turner Navy Gray (1999) v. 137 Much prized was a gift of leghorn..his wife was weaving a hat.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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n.1720
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