laxativeadj.n.

Brit.

/ˈlaksətɪv/, U.S.

/ˈlæksədɪv/

Forms: Also Middle English–1500s laxatif, laxatyf(e, 1500s laxitive.

Etymology: < French laxatif, -ive, < Latin laxātīvus , < laxāre : see lax v. and -ative suffix.

A. adj. Having the property of relaxing.

1. Of medicines, food, etc.: Having the property of loosening and evacuating the bowels.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > cleansing or expelling medicines > [adjective] > purgative

outrunningeOE

laxativea1398

purgativea1398

openinga1400

abstersive?a1425

purging?c1425

solublec1503

minorative1543

purgy1562

relaxing1562

solutive1564

benedict1576

aperitive1582

scouring1597

apertive1605

dejective1605

relaxative1611

subductory1620

calastic1621

aperient1626

cathartic1639

dejectory1640

relaxant1651

spurginga1652

cathartical1656

anastomotic1657

ecphractic1657

ecphractical1657

rhyptical1657

rhyptic1659

loosening1665

eccathartic1681

fluxing1702

chalastic1704

loosinga1722

hypactic1753

evacuatory1789

evacuant1800

relaxatory1925

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. cxii. 1005 Som [oil] ys ymade of byndyng þinges and is byndynge, and som of laxen [read laxing] þinges and is laxatif and neisshyng.

c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 184 I ne knewe no medicyn laxatif þat is so good.

1481 W. Caxton tr. Hist. Reynard Fox (1970) 84 He knewe..alle the herbes..whiche were viscose or laxatyf.

1547 A. Borde Breuiary of Helthe i. f. xlix^v Vse laxatiue meates..yf nede do requyre.

1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. ii. i. 348 Our Glysters laxatiue.

1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 185 Tortoises..excellent meat,..but are so laxative, they cause even Disenterias.

1732 J. Arbuthnot Pract. Rules of Diet i. 244 Tamarinds..astringent, yet laxative to the lower Belly.

1769 W. Buchan Domest. Med. ii. 347 Fomentations and laxative clysters are by no means to be omitted.

1809 N. Pinkney Trav. South of France 222 Those countries are most healthy where, from an ordinary laxative diet, the body is always kept open.

1861 R. Bentley Man. Bot. ii. iii. 579 Some [of the Compositæ] are laxative and anthelmintic.

a. Of the bowels, or the bodily constitution: Loose, subject to ‘flux’ or free discharge of the fæces. Of a disease: Characterized by such discharge. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > defecation or urination > defecation > [adjective] > relaxed condition of bowels

laxc1400

solublec1400

laskc1460

loose1508

laxative1546

loose-bellied1565

slippery1597

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > excretory disorders > [adjective] > diarrhoea > of bowels

laxc1400

laxative1546

laxable1658

1546 J. Heywood Dialogue Prouerbes Eng. Tongue i. xi. sig. Eii Ye would..gyue me a purgacion. But I am laxatiue ynough.

1574 J. Baret Aluearie L 153 Letise is good to make one laxitiue or go to y^e stoole.

1608 T. Middleton Familie of Love (new ed.) iii. sig. E2 ^v What a laxatiue feuer shakes me.

1620 T. Venner Via Recta v. 90 A very good medicinable meate, for such as are too laxatiue, and subiect to fluxes.

a1661 W. Brereton Trav. (1844) 130 My body was always..inclined to be laxative and soluble.

1708 Brit. Apollo 18–23 June You seem prone to Excess, Whence this Laxative Ailing arises.

1722 J. Quincy Lexicon Physico-medicum (ed. 2) Laxative, signifies loose in Body, so as to go frequently to stool.

1801 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 5 261 Bowels laxative, tongue and skin healthy.

1822 J. M. Good Study Med. I. 223 If confined in youth, in advanced life they [sc. the bowels] are often laxative.

b. transferred. Unable to contain one's speech or emotions. ? Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > lack of subjection > freedom or liberty > freedom of action or from restraint > [adjective] > of speech

largea1413

laxative1607

1607 ‘W. S.’ Puritaine iii. F 2 I am of such a laxatiue laughter, that if the Deuill him selfe stood by, I should laugh in his face.

1616 B. Jonson Poëtaster (rev. ed.) To Rdr., in Wks. I. 350 Fellowes of practis'd, and most laxatiue tongues.

1622 T. Scott Belgicke Pismire Pref. sig. A2^v My owne Countri-men haue tongues laxatiue enough, and Strangers are in their wordes..libertines.

a1639 W. Whately Prototypes (1640) i. vi. 85 This sinne proceedeth from a twattling laxative humour causing that a man must vent all he knows and be talking of many things.

3. Having a loosing power, affording remission or relief. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > immunity or exemption from liability > [adjective] > freeing from liability or obligation

relaxatory1581

absolvatory1611

dispensative1621

dispensatory1635

dispensing1642

laxative1645

disobligatorya1649

exonerative1819

dispensive1828

1645 J. Milton Tetrachordon 49 A law giving permissions laxative to unmarry a wife and marry a lust.

1649 J. Milton Εικονοκλαστης xiv. 138 The simpler sort..he furnishes him with..laxative, hee termes them general clauses, which may serve..to releeve them against the Covnant tak'n.

B. n.

1. A laxative medicine; ‘a slightly purgative medicine which simply unloads the bowels’ ( New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon).

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > cleansing or expelling medicines > [noun] > purgative

laxativec1386

abstersive?a1425

purgative?a1425

lax1526

purgation1527

cleanser1528

looser1528

laskc1540

purger1558

solutory1561

scouring1575

expulsive1576

purge1593

solutive1605

opener1610

physica1616

calastic1621

loosener1630

minorative1633

relaxativea1637

cathartic1651

eccoprotic1656

vacuative1656

aperitive1671

spurger1681

aperient1682

hypercathartic1706

chalastic1708

scourer1718

drastic1783

solvent1815

purgament1828

dejector1831

laxation1897

mochlic1907

jollop1955

poop-pusher1966

c1386 G. Chaucer Nun's Pr. T. 142 Er ye take youre laxatyues, Of lawriol, Centaure, and ffumetere.

c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 333 Whanne his body is maad clene wiþ laxatiuis.

c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 1896 Hym gayneth neither for to gete his lyf Vomyt vpward ne downward laxatyf.

1412–20 J. Lydgate tr. Hist. Troy i. iii And made him [sc. Cerberus] voide his venym in ye strife And upwarde gaue hym suche a laxatyfe That all the worlde his brethe contagyous Infected hath.

1572 L. Mascall tr. D. Brossard L'Art et Maniere de Semer in Bk. Plant & Graffe Trees 58 The ioyce of elder,..of Turbich, or such like laxatiues.

1617 J. Woodall Surgions Mate 169 Thou maist also giue the partie some laxatiue.

1726 J. Swift Gulliver II. iii. vi. 83 Lenitives, Aperitives,..Laxatives.

1822 J. M. Good Study Med. I. 33 If the bowels be confined, we must employ cooling laxatives.

1874 R. Hooper's Physic. Vade M. (ed. 9) i. v. 230 Brown bread often proves an effectual laxative.

†2. ? Relaxed condition of the bowels, ‘flux’. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > defecation or urination > defecation > [noun] > relaxed condition of bowels

laxativec1430

solubleness1574

c1430 J. Lydgate Reson & Sensuallyte 3439 The drynke..Which the mynystres of babel Maden..And gaf hyt to kyng Sedechye Wher thorgh he had a laxatyf That he shortly lost hys lyf.

a1513 W. Dunbar Ballat Abbot of Tungland in Poems (1998) I. 57 He cowth gif cure for laxatyve.

1527 L. Andrewe tr. H. Brunschwig Vertuose Boke Distyllacyon sig. Aij^v Who so drynke the same [walwort] water at eche tyme ii ounces or two ounces and a halfe causeth laxatyfe.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1902; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	laxative
释义	laxativeadj.n. Brit. /ˈlaksətɪv/, U.S. /ˈlæksədɪv/ Forms: Also Middle English–1500s laxatif, laxatyf(e, 1500s laxitive. Etymology: < French laxatif, -ive, < Latin laxātīvus , < laxāre : see lax v. and -ative suffix. A. adj. Having the property of relaxing. 1. Of medicines, food, etc.: Having the property of loosening and evacuating the bowels. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > cleansing or expelling medicines > [adjective] > purgative outrunningeOE laxativea1398 purgativea1398 openinga1400 abstersive?a1425 purging?c1425 solublec1503 minorative1543 purgy1562 relaxing1562 solutive1564 benedict1576 aperitive1582 scouring1597 apertive1605 dejective1605 relaxative1611 subductory1620 calastic1621 aperient1626 cathartic1639 dejectory1640 relaxant1651 spurginga1652 cathartical1656 anastomotic1657 ecphractic1657 ecphractical1657 rhyptical1657 rhyptic1659 loosening1665 eccathartic1681 fluxing1702 chalastic1704 loosinga1722 hypactic1753 evacuatory1789 evacuant1800 relaxatory1925 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. cxii. 1005 Som [oil] ys ymade of byndyng þinges and is byndynge, and som of laxen [read laxing] þinges and is laxatif and neisshyng. c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 184 I ne knewe no medicyn laxatif þat is so good. 1481 W. Caxton tr. Hist. Reynard Fox (1970) 84 He knewe..alle the herbes..whiche were viscose or laxatyf. 1547 A. Borde Breuiary of Helthe i. f. xlix^v Vse laxatiue meates..yf nede do requyre. 1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. ii. i. 348 Our Glysters laxatiue. 1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 185 Tortoises..excellent meat,..but are so laxative, they cause even Disenterias. 1732 J. Arbuthnot Pract. Rules of Diet i. 244 Tamarinds..astringent, yet laxative to the lower Belly. 1769 W. Buchan Domest. Med. ii. 347 Fomentations and laxative clysters are by no means to be omitted. 1809 N. Pinkney Trav. South of France 222 Those countries are most healthy where, from an ordinary laxative diet, the body is always kept open. 1861 R. Bentley Man. Bot. ii. iii. 579 Some [of the Compositæ] are laxative and anthelmintic. 2. a. Of the bowels, or the bodily constitution: Loose, subject to ‘flux’ or free discharge of the fæces. Of a disease: Characterized by such discharge. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > defecation or urination > defecation > [adjective] > relaxed condition of bowels laxc1400 solublec1400 laskc1460 loose1508 laxative1546 loose-bellied1565 slippery1597 the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > excretory disorders > [adjective] > diarrhoea > of bowels laxc1400 laxative1546 laxable1658 1546 J. Heywood Dialogue Prouerbes Eng. Tongue i. xi. sig. Eii Ye would..gyue me a purgacion. But I am laxatiue ynough. 1574 J. Baret Aluearie L 153 Letise is good to make one laxitiue or go to y^e stoole. 1608 T. Middleton Familie of Love (new ed.) iii. sig. E2 ^v What a laxatiue feuer shakes me. 1620 T. Venner Via Recta v. 90 A very good medicinable meate, for such as are too laxatiue, and subiect to fluxes. a1661 W. Brereton Trav. (1844) 130 My body was always..inclined to be laxative and soluble. 1708 Brit. Apollo 18–23 June You seem prone to Excess, Whence this Laxative Ailing arises. 1722 J. Quincy Lexicon Physico-medicum (ed. 2) Laxative, signifies loose in Body, so as to go frequently to stool. 1801 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 5 261 Bowels laxative, tongue and skin healthy. 1822 J. M. Good Study Med. I. 223 If confined in youth, in advanced life they [sc. the bowels] are often laxative. b. transferred. Unable to contain one's speech or emotions. ? Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > authority > lack of subjection > freedom or liberty > freedom of action or from restraint > [adjective] > of speech largea1413 laxative1607 1607 ‘W. S.’ Puritaine iii. F 2 I am of such a laxatiue laughter, that if the Deuill him selfe stood by, I should laugh in his face. 1616 B. Jonson Poëtaster (rev. ed.) To Rdr., in Wks. I. 350 Fellowes of practis'd, and most laxatiue tongues. 1622 T. Scott Belgicke Pismire Pref. sig. A2^v My owne Countri-men haue tongues laxatiue enough, and Strangers are in their wordes..libertines. a1639 W. Whately Prototypes (1640) i. vi. 85 This sinne proceedeth from a twattling laxative humour causing that a man must vent all he knows and be talking of many things. 3. Having a loosing power, affording remission or relief. rare. ΘΚΠ society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > immunity or exemption from liability > [adjective] > freeing from liability or obligation relaxatory1581 absolvatory1611 dispensative1621 dispensatory1635 dispensing1642 laxative1645 disobligatorya1649 exonerative1819 dispensive1828 1645 J. Milton Tetrachordon 49 A law giving permissions laxative to unmarry a wife and marry a lust. 1649 J. Milton Εικονοκλαστης xiv. 138 The simpler sort..he furnishes him with..laxative, hee termes them general clauses, which may serve..to releeve them against the Covnant tak'n. B. n. 1. A laxative medicine; ‘a slightly purgative medicine which simply unloads the bowels’ ( New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon). ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > cleansing or expelling medicines > [noun] > purgative laxativec1386 abstersive?a1425 purgative?a1425 lax1526 purgation1527 cleanser1528 looser1528 laskc1540 purger1558 solutory1561 scouring1575 expulsive1576 purge1593 solutive1605 opener1610 physica1616 calastic1621 loosener1630 minorative1633 relaxativea1637 cathartic1651 eccoprotic1656 vacuative1656 aperitive1671 spurger1681 aperient1682 hypercathartic1706 chalastic1708 scourer1718 drastic1783 solvent1815 purgament1828 dejector1831 laxation1897 mochlic1907 jollop1955 poop-pusher1966 c1386 G. Chaucer Nun's Pr. T. 142 Er ye take youre laxatyues, Of lawriol, Centaure, and ffumetere. c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 333 Whanne his body is maad clene wiþ laxatiuis. c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 1896 Hym gayneth neither for to gete his lyf Vomyt vpward ne downward laxatyf. 1412–20 J. Lydgate tr. Hist. Troy i. iii And made him [sc. Cerberus] voide his venym in ye strife And upwarde gaue hym suche a laxatyfe That all the worlde his brethe contagyous Infected hath. 1572 L. Mascall tr. D. Brossard L'Art et Maniere de Semer in Bk. Plant & Graffe Trees 58 The ioyce of elder,..of Turbich, or such like laxatiues. 1617 J. Woodall Surgions Mate 169 Thou maist also giue the partie some laxatiue. 1726 J. Swift Gulliver II. iii. vi. 83 Lenitives, Aperitives,..Laxatives. 1822 J. M. Good Study Med. I. 33 If the bowels be confined, we must employ cooling laxatives. 1874 R. Hooper's Physic. Vade M. (ed. 9) i. v. 230 Brown bread often proves an effectual laxative. †2. ? Relaxed condition of the bowels, ‘flux’. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > defecation or urination > defecation > [noun] > relaxed condition of bowels laxativec1430 solubleness1574 c1430 J. Lydgate Reson & Sensuallyte 3439 The drynke..Which the mynystres of babel Maden..And gaf hyt to kyng Sedechye Wher thorgh he had a laxatyf That he shortly lost hys lyf. a1513 W. Dunbar Ballat Abbot of Tungland in Poems (1998) I. 57 He cowth gif cure for laxatyve. 1527 L. Andrewe tr. H. Brunschwig Vertuose Boke Distyllacyon sig. Aij^v Who so drynke the same [walwort] water at eche tyme ii ounces or two ounces and a halfe causeth laxatyfe. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1902; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.n.c1386
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