lacerateadj.

Brit.

/ˈlasəreɪt/, U.S.

/ˈlæsəˌreɪt/

Forms: 1500s– lacerate, 1600s lacerat.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin lacerātus, lacerāre.

Etymology: < classical Latin lacerātus, past participle of lacerāre lacerate v. Compare Middle French laceré , French lacéré (c1355, earliest in figurative use), Italian lacerato (late 13th cent.). Compare earlier lacerate v.

1. Lacerated, torn, ripped apart. Also figurative. Now archaic and rare.Also as past participle.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > adversity > [adjective] > grievously

lacerate1514

lacerated1556

bleeding1671

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > tearing or tearing apart > [adjective] > torn or torn apart

betorna1300

forpinchedc1325

torn1362

broken1377

tatteringc1380

renta1382

fortorn1496

lacerate1514

lacerated1556

rented1559

rived1581

dilaniated1597

dilacerate1602

discerpted1607

berent1608

rended1612

breacheda1649

dilacerated1650

vultured1946

1514 S. Appulby Fruyte of Redemcyon xxiv. sig. C.iii The dolour descended from the herte vnto the membres lacerate & torne.

1531–2 Act 23 Henry VIII c. 5 §1 in Statutes of Realm (1963) III. 369 The walles..by rage of the See..be so diruppte lacerate and broken.

1542 King Henry VIII Declar. Causes Warre Scottis 205 Our realme hathe ben for a season lacerate and torne by diuersitie of titles.

1613 P. Simson Short Compend Hist. First Ten Persecutions I. ii. i. sig. F2 Bodies lacerat with stripes vntill their very inward bowels were patent to the outward sight.

1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 281 That this town [sc. Alexandria] should now be brought to so lacerate a condition, that was for many ages one of the most ample.

1720 A. Bruce Decisions Lords of Council & Session 1714–15 82 The Bond being Lacerate in several Place, so that some of the Clauses and Provisions could not be read.

1766 Information for Alice Patterson 25 Two lacerate or torn Leaves of a Contract.

1805 R. Southey Madoc ii. viii. 255 His hands transfixed, And lacerate with the body's pendent weight.

1878 J. A. Symonds Sonnets M. Angelo xxviii That Lady who to Caesar came in state..Now stays with limbs dispersed and lacerate.

1919 Harper's Mag. July 242 Her heart would be lacerate.

2012 B. Charlton Spellwright xxiii. 175 The lacerate text—a whirling mass of Magnus shards—shot through the air.

2. Chiefly Botany. Of a part of a plant or animal: having a margin that is irregularly cleft, as if torn; having a jagged or ragged margin. Also: designating such a margin. Cf. lacerated adj. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > indentation or cavity > [adjective] > notch or indentation

laciniated1657

incisory1693

lacerated1709

crenelled1727

emarginated1731

laciniate1760

lacerate1776

crenate1785

crenulate1785

emarginate1785

erose1793

crenulated1807

incised1826

fimbricate1846

1776 J. Lee Introd. Bot. (ed. 3) Expl. Terms 384 Lacerum, lacerate, where the Margin is variously divided, as if torn.

1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. xxvi. 383 Many varieties..with lacerate leaves and simple ones.

1846 J. D. Dana U.S. Exploring Exped.: Zoophytes 324 Folia thin,..sometimes lacerate.

1873 Amer. Naturalist 7 665 The scarious stipules not lobed, finely lacerate.

1911 Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 50 414 Bractlets rather conspicuous, more or less lacerate.

1959 Ann. Missouri Bot. Garden 46 82 Tips crenate, sometimes lacerate, dentate to microphylline.

2008 Lindbergia 33 12/1 The stem leaves..are derivative traits evolved from more lingulate-triangular and less lacerate leaves.

Derivatives

ˈlacerately adv. chiefly Botany in a lacerate manner.

ΚΠ

1818 T. Nuttall Genera N. Amer. Plants I. 192 Leaflets thicker, upon shorter peduncles, linear sublanceolate, lacerately serrate.

1909 Bot. Gaz. 47 429 Leaves narrowly oblong-lanceolate, nearly entire to irregularly and lacerately dentate.

1993 Wilson Bull. 105 323 The Black-capped Kingfisher..and the White-throated Kingfisher..have sharp-edged, lacerately toothed tomia.

2004 S. Demissew et al. Field Guide Ethiopian Orchids 216 Lip sessile,..midlobe larger than side lobes, apex usually recurved, disc either entirely tuberculate or the nerves variously tuberculate, verrucose, or lacerately keeled.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

laceratev.

Brit.

/ˈlasəreɪt/, U.S.

/ˈlæsəˌreɪt/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin lacerāt-, lacerāre.

Etymology: < classical Latin lacerāt-, past participial stem (see -ate suffix³) of lacerāre to tear, mangle, to damage severely, to torment, torture, to cause mental anguish to, to harass, to ravage, spoil, to attack with abuse or accusations, to tear to shreds < lacer mangled, torn < the same Indo-European base as ancient Greek λακις rent, tear.Compare Middle French lacerer, French lacérer (c1355, earliest in figurative use).

1. transitive. To tear roughly; to cut (esp. flesh or tissue) with deep irregular incisions; to slice; (hence) to tear apart, to rip up.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > tearing or tearing apart > tear [verb (transitive)]

tearc1000

renta1325

reavea1400

lacerate?a1425

raise?a1425

rivea1425

shearc1450

unsoundc1450

ranch?a1525

rechec1540

pilla1555

wreathe1599

intertear1603

shark1611

vulture1628

to tear at1848

spalt1876

the world > health and disease > ill health > injury > injure [verb (transitive)] > wound > lacerate

teara1000

lacerate?a1425

manglea1500

entertear1603

harrow1633

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > tearing or tearing apart > tear [verb (transitive)] > tear apart

to-loukc890

to-braidc893

to-tearc893

to-teec893

to-rendc950

to-breakc1200

to-tugc1220

to-lima1225

rivea1250

to-drawa1250

to-tosea1250

drawa1300

rendc1300

to-rit13..

to-rivec1300

to-tusec1300

rakea1325

renta1325

to-pullc1330

to-tightc1330

tirec1374

halea1398

lacerate?a1425

to-renta1425

yryve1426

raga1450

to pull to (or in) piecesc1450

ravec1450

discerp1483

pluck1526

rip1530

decerp1531

rift1534

dilaniate1535

rochec1540

rack1549

teasea1550

berend1577

distract1585

ream1587

distrain1590

unrive1592

unseam1592

outrive1598

divulse1602

dilacerate1604

harrow1604

tatter1608

mammocka1616

uprentc1620

divell1628

divellicate1638

seam-rend1647

proscind1659

skail1768

screeda1785

spret1832

to tear to shreds1837

ribbon1897

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > separate [verb (transitive)] > separate by force or violence

dispress1605

lacerate1713

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 60 (MED) Þat þe stupatez in eleuacioun lacerate [?c1425 Paris sprede abrode; L. dilaceret] not, i. ryue not, þe punctez.

1591 R. Wilmot Tancred & Gismund v. i. sig. G3 The dead corps Which rauenous beasts forbeare to lacerate.

1640 R. Brome Antipodes sig. I3 In signe whereof we lacerate these papers.

1665 G. Thomson Galeno-pale App. 114 It could be done without danger of lacerating the Sphincter.

1713 W. Derham Physico-theol. ii. v. 48 If the Heat breaks through the Water with such fury, as to lacerate, and lift up great quantities or bubbles of Water,..it causeth what we call Boyling.

1791 W. Cowper tr. Homer Iliad in Iliad & Odyssey I. v. 354 He crush'd the socket, lacerated wide Both tendons.

1807 J. Barlow Columbiad vii. 255 Shells and langrage lacerate the ground.

1871 F. W. Farrar Conquest over Temptation 10 Their feet have been lacerated by the thorns.

1913 Edison Kinetogram 1 Oct. 13/2 She presses on blindly through..thorns that tear her simple frock and badly lacerate her hands.

1980 D. M. Mahoney in R. C. A. Weatherley-White Plastic Surg. Female Breast vii. 203/2 At the time of the surgery, the physician lacerates the common bile duct and the liver.

2010 S. Junger War iii. i. 194 A burst from a PKM rattled into the wall in front of him and lacerated his face with stone shards.

2. transitive. figurative. To afflict, distress, torment; to harrow.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > mental anguish or torment > cause of mental anguish or torment > cause anguish to or torment [verb (transitive)]

quelmeOE

eatc1000

martyrOE

fretc1175

woundc1175

to-fret?c1225

gnawc1230

to-traya1250

torment1297

renda1333

anguish1340

grindc1350

wringc1374

debreakc1384

ofpinec1390

rivea1400

urn1488

reboil1528

whip1530

cruciate1532

pinch1548

spur-galla1555

agonize1570

rack1576

cut1582

excruciate1590

scorchc1595

discruciate1596

butcher1597

split1597

torture1598

lacerate1600

harrow1603

hell1614

to eat upa1616

arrow1628

martyrize1652

percruciate1656

tear1666

crucify1702

flay1782

wrench1798

kill1800

to cut up1843

1600 Heroicall Aduentures Knight of Sea xii. 119 So..must thou nippe the heade of thy springing fancie, in his infancie..and he shall neuer lacerate thy heart in his fierce flight.

1650 J. Howell Addit. Lett. iii. 6 in Epistolæ Ho-elianæ (ed. 2) The Wars that have lacerated poor Europe.

1773 S. Johnson Let. 17 Mar. (1992) II. 21 Necessity of attention to the present preserves us..from being lacerated..by sorrow for the past.

1796 J. Evans Preservative against Infidelity & Uncharitableness of 18th Cent. xxxi These are the deeds which have..lacerated the feelings of pious men.

1863 M. E. Braddon Eleanor's Victory I. ii. 33 How cruelly the old heart was lacerated by that bitter letter.

1871 R. W. Dale Ten Commandm. ii. 54 The writers of the New Testament make no attempt to lacerate the heart by insisting on the details of our Lord's sufferings.

1904 F. Rolfe Hadrian VII xii. 239 The barb of the one emotion lacerated her.

1950 A. L. Rowse Diary 11 Feb. (2003) 142 You couldn't lacerate people's feelings and quarrel violently—and expect all to go on as it had been before.

2007 J. C. Oates Gravedigger's Daughter i. 18 She'd come to hate him, he had so lacerated her heart.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	lacerate
释义	lacerateadj. Brit. /ˈlasəreɪt/, U.S. /ˈlæsəˌreɪt/ Forms: 1500s– lacerate, 1600s lacerat. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin lacerātus, lacerāre. Etymology: < classical Latin lacerātus, past participle of lacerāre lacerate v. Compare Middle French laceré , French lacéré (c1355, earliest in figurative use), Italian lacerato (late 13th cent.). Compare earlier lacerate v. 1. Lacerated, torn, ripped apart. Also figurative. Now archaic and rare.Also as past participle. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > adversity > [adjective] > grievously lacerate1514 lacerated1556 bleeding1671 the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > tearing or tearing apart > [adjective] > torn or torn apart betorna1300 forpinchedc1325 torn1362 broken1377 tatteringc1380 renta1382 fortorn1496 lacerate1514 lacerated1556 rented1559 rived1581 dilaniated1597 dilacerate1602 discerpted1607 berent1608 rended1612 breacheda1649 dilacerated1650 vultured1946 1514 S. Appulby Fruyte of Redemcyon xxiv. sig. C.iii The dolour descended from the herte vnto the membres lacerate & torne. 1531–2 Act 23 Henry VIII c. 5 §1 in Statutes of Realm (1963) III. 369 The walles..by rage of the See..be so diruppte lacerate and broken. 1542 King Henry VIII Declar. Causes Warre Scottis 205 Our realme hathe ben for a season lacerate and torne by diuersitie of titles. 1613 P. Simson Short Compend Hist. First Ten Persecutions I. ii. i. sig. F2 Bodies lacerat with stripes vntill their very inward bowels were patent to the outward sight. 1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 281 That this town [sc. Alexandria] should now be brought to so lacerate a condition, that was for many ages one of the most ample. 1720 A. Bruce Decisions Lords of Council & Session 1714–15 82 The Bond being Lacerate in several Place, so that some of the Clauses and Provisions could not be read. 1766 Information for Alice Patterson 25 Two lacerate or torn Leaves of a Contract. 1805 R. Southey Madoc ii. viii. 255 His hands transfixed, And lacerate with the body's pendent weight. 1878 J. A. Symonds Sonnets M. Angelo xxviii That Lady who to Caesar came in state..Now stays with limbs dispersed and lacerate. 1919 Harper's Mag. July 242 Her heart would be lacerate. 2012 B. Charlton Spellwright xxiii. 175 The lacerate text—a whirling mass of Magnus shards—shot through the air. 2. Chiefly Botany. Of a part of a plant or animal: having a margin that is irregularly cleft, as if torn; having a jagged or ragged margin. Also: designating such a margin. Cf. lacerated adj. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > indentation or cavity > [adjective] > notch or indentation laciniated1657 incisory1693 lacerated1709 crenelled1727 emarginated1731 laciniate1760 lacerate1776 crenate1785 crenulate1785 emarginate1785 erose1793 crenulated1807 incised1826 fimbricate1846 1776 J. Lee Introd. Bot. (ed. 3) Expl. Terms 384 Lacerum, lacerate, where the Margin is variously divided, as if torn. 1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. xxvi. 383 Many varieties..with lacerate leaves and simple ones. 1846 J. D. Dana U.S. Exploring Exped.: Zoophytes 324 Folia thin,..sometimes lacerate. 1873 Amer. Naturalist 7 665 The scarious stipules not lobed, finely lacerate. 1911 Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 50 414 Bractlets rather conspicuous, more or less lacerate. 1959 Ann. Missouri Bot. Garden 46 82 Tips crenate, sometimes lacerate, dentate to microphylline. 2008 Lindbergia 33 12/1 The stem leaves..are derivative traits evolved from more lingulate-triangular and less lacerate leaves. Derivatives ˈlacerately adv. chiefly Botany in a lacerate manner. ΚΠ 1818 T. Nuttall Genera N. Amer. Plants I. 192 Leaflets thicker, upon shorter peduncles, linear sublanceolate, lacerately serrate. 1909 Bot. Gaz. 47 429 Leaves narrowly oblong-lanceolate, nearly entire to irregularly and lacerately dentate. 1993 Wilson Bull. 105 323 The Black-capped Kingfisher..and the White-throated Kingfisher..have sharp-edged, lacerately toothed tomia. 2004 S. Demissew et al. Field Guide Ethiopian Orchids 216 Lip sessile,..midlobe larger than side lobes, apex usually recurved, disc either entirely tuberculate or the nerves variously tuberculate, verrucose, or lacerately keeled. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022). laceratev. Brit. /ˈlasəreɪt/, U.S. /ˈlæsəˌreɪt/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin lacerāt-, lacerāre. Etymology: < classical Latin lacerāt-, past participial stem (see -ate suffix³) of lacerāre to tear, mangle, to damage severely, to torment, torture, to cause mental anguish to, to harass, to ravage, spoil, to attack with abuse or accusations, to tear to shreds < lacer mangled, torn < the same Indo-European base as ancient Greek λακις rent, tear.Compare Middle French lacerer, French lacérer (c1355, earliest in figurative use). 1. transitive. To tear roughly; to cut (esp. flesh or tissue) with deep irregular incisions; to slice; (hence) to tear apart, to rip up. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > tearing or tearing apart > tear [verb (transitive)] tearc1000 renta1325 reavea1400 lacerate?a1425 raise?a1425 rivea1425 shearc1450 unsoundc1450 ranch?a1525 rechec1540 pilla1555 wreathe1599 intertear1603 shark1611 vulture1628 to tear at1848 spalt1876 the world > health and disease > ill health > injury > injure [verb (transitive)] > wound > lacerate teara1000 lacerate?a1425 manglea1500 entertear1603 harrow1633 the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > tearing or tearing apart > tear [verb (transitive)] > tear apart to-loukc890 to-braidc893 to-tearc893 to-teec893 to-rendc950 to-breakc1200 to-tugc1220 to-lima1225 rivea1250 to-drawa1250 to-tosea1250 drawa1300 rendc1300 to-rit13.. to-rivec1300 to-tusec1300 rakea1325 renta1325 to-pullc1330 to-tightc1330 tirec1374 halea1398 lacerate?a1425 to-renta1425 yryve1426 raga1450 to pull to (or in) piecesc1450 ravec1450 discerp1483 pluck1526 rip1530 decerp1531 rift1534 dilaniate1535 rochec1540 rack1549 teasea1550 berend1577 distract1585 ream1587 distrain1590 unrive1592 unseam1592 outrive1598 divulse1602 dilacerate1604 harrow1604 tatter1608 mammocka1616 uprentc1620 divell1628 divellicate1638 seam-rend1647 proscind1659 skail1768 screeda1785 spret1832 to tear to shreds1837 ribbon1897 the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > separate [verb (transitive)] > separate by force or violence dispress1605 lacerate1713 ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 60 (MED) Þat þe stupatez in eleuacioun lacerate [?c1425 Paris sprede abrode; L. dilaceret] not, i. ryue not, þe punctez. 1591 R. Wilmot Tancred & Gismund v. i. sig. G3 The dead corps Which rauenous beasts forbeare to lacerate. 1640 R. Brome Antipodes sig. I3 In signe whereof we lacerate these papers. 1665 G. Thomson Galeno-pale App. 114 It could be done without danger of lacerating the Sphincter. 1713 W. Derham Physico-theol. ii. v. 48 If the Heat breaks through the Water with such fury, as to lacerate, and lift up great quantities or bubbles of Water,..it causeth what we call Boyling. 1791 W. Cowper tr. Homer Iliad in Iliad & Odyssey I. v. 354 He crush'd the socket, lacerated wide Both tendons. 1807 J. Barlow Columbiad vii. 255 Shells and langrage lacerate the ground. 1871 F. W. Farrar Conquest over Temptation 10 Their feet have been lacerated by the thorns. 1913 Edison Kinetogram 1 Oct. 13/2 She presses on blindly through..thorns that tear her simple frock and badly lacerate her hands. 1980 D. M. Mahoney in R. C. A. Weatherley-White Plastic Surg. Female Breast vii. 203/2 At the time of the surgery, the physician lacerates the common bile duct and the liver. 2010 S. Junger War iii. i. 194 A burst from a PKM rattled into the wall in front of him and lacerated his face with stone shards. 2. transitive. figurative. To afflict, distress, torment; to harrow. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > mental anguish or torment > cause of mental anguish or torment > cause anguish to or torment [verb (transitive)] quelmeOE eatc1000 martyrOE fretc1175 woundc1175 to-fret?c1225 gnawc1230 to-traya1250 torment1297 renda1333 anguish1340 grindc1350 wringc1374 debreakc1384 ofpinec1390 rivea1400 urn1488 reboil1528 whip1530 cruciate1532 pinch1548 spur-galla1555 agonize1570 rack1576 cut1582 excruciate1590 scorchc1595 discruciate1596 butcher1597 split1597 torture1598 lacerate1600 harrow1603 hell1614 to eat upa1616 arrow1628 martyrize1652 percruciate1656 tear1666 crucify1702 flay1782 wrench1798 kill1800 to cut up1843 1600 Heroicall Aduentures Knight of Sea xii. 119 So..must thou nippe the heade of thy springing fancie, in his infancie..and he shall neuer lacerate thy heart in his fierce flight. 1650 J. Howell Addit. Lett. iii. 6 in Epistolæ Ho-elianæ (ed. 2) The Wars that have lacerated poor Europe. 1773 S. Johnson Let. 17 Mar. (1992) II. 21 Necessity of attention to the present preserves us..from being lacerated..by sorrow for the past. 1796 J. Evans Preservative against Infidelity & Uncharitableness of 18th Cent. xxxi These are the deeds which have..lacerated the feelings of pious men. 1863 M. E. Braddon Eleanor's Victory I. ii. 33 How cruelly the old heart was lacerated by that bitter letter. 1871 R. W. Dale Ten Commandm. ii. 54 The writers of the New Testament make no attempt to lacerate the heart by insisting on the details of our Lord's sufferings. 1904 F. Rolfe Hadrian VII xii. 239 The barb of the one emotion lacerated her. 1950 A. L. Rowse Diary 11 Feb. (2003) 142 You couldn't lacerate people's feelings and quarrel violently—and expect all to go on as it had been before. 2007 J. C. Oates Gravedigger's Daughter i. 18 She'd come to hate him, he had so lacerated her heart. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.1514v.?a1425
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