kymographn.

Brit.

/ˈkʌɪmə(ʊ)ɡrɑːf/,

/ˈkʌɪmə(ʊ)ɡraf/, U.S.

/ˈkaɪməˌɡræf/

Etymology: < Greek κῡμο-, combining form of κῦμα wave + -graph comb. form; in sense 1, < German kymographion, the name given by A. W. Volkmann (in Die Hämodynamik (1850) iv. 120) to the instrument invented by K. F. W. Ludwig.

1. An instrument for graphically recording variations of pressure of a fluid, esp. of blood in the vessels of a living animal; a recording manometer; also called kymographion n. Later used more widely; the instrument consists of a cylinder rotated by a clockwork or electric motor, together with a stylus designed to trace on a roll of paper wrapped around the cylinder a curve representing pressure variations or motion communicated to the stylus.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > mechanics > force > [noun] > pressure > fluid pressure > measuring instruments

air gauge1787

piezometer1820

gas gauge1836

pressure gauge1836

thermometer-gauge1841

kymograph1855

telemanometer1884

tensimeter1907

isoteniscope1910

Pirani gauge1911

Knudsen gauge1918

Knudsen manometer1961

the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > action or process of flowing > [noun] > rate of flow > instrument to regulate or measure rate > specifically water pressure

kymograph1901

impact tube1916

the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > [noun] > instruments or diagrams

phthongometer1837

logograph1879

glossograph1883

palate-myograph1884

palatogram1902

tongue-curve1902

kymograph1918

voiceprint1918

vowel diagram1932

kymogram1934

speech stretcher1948

word-palatogram1948

recognizer1949

phonolaryngoscope1953

speech recognizer1953

grid1961

voiceprinter1966

1855 C. A. Harris Dict. Med. Terminol., Dental Surg., & Collateral Sci. (ed. 2) 419/2 Kymographion, an instrument which shows the relation between the pulse wave and the undulations produced by respiration.

1872 Lancet I. 675 Fick's spring manometer or spring kymograph..are excellent instruments for registering the pulse-motions.

1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. II. 934 The kymograph registered a very rapid..fall of the arterial pressure.

1901 E. B. Titchener Exper. Psychol. I. i. viii. 112 O fixates the outermost grey ring of the disc... As the grey fades or drops out of view, he presses the bulb... As (or when) the grey returns, he relaxes the pressure. The curve of fluctuation is thus written, above the time line, upon the smoked paper of the kymograph.

1918 A. L. F. Snell Pause 1 The results in this investigation are based upon speech records made with an apparatus such as is used in experimental phonetics... The kymograph used in all the work was the complete Zimmerman pattern, with Herring slide and writing plane.

1928 Science 20 July 62/1 When such phenomena as the speed of a nerve impulse or reaction time are to be recorded, a very fast kymograph drum is an absolute necessity.

1938 Trans. Philol. Soc. 76 The apparatus used is the physiological kymograph, fitted with three appropriate Marey tambours. The upper bold tracing is that of jaw movement; the second supplies a record of sound obtained..; the third the time-marking inscribed by a tuning-fork.

1949 B. J. Underwood Exper. Psychol. vi. 163 These markers write on a kymograph, a slowly rotating drum covered with waxed or smoked paper. The rat..bounces the cage on the tambours, thus changing the air pressure which in turn activates the markers which record the animal's activity.

1959 E. Pulgram Introd. Spectrogr. Speech vi. 52 The kymograph produces registrations representing variations in the total amount of pressure during articulation.

1970 Reese & Lipsitt Exper. Child Psychol. iii. 83 Head-turning responses were recorded by means of a head harness mechanically attached to a kymograph.

2. Radiology. An apparatus for recording the movement of the heart or other internal organs by moving an X-ray plate or film past one or more slits in a screen placed between it and the subject, so that movement of the organ in a direction parallel to a slit is recorded as a curve separating differently exposed portions of the radiograph; = roentgenkymograph n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > diagnosis or prognosis > radiography or radiology > [noun] > equipment used in

fluoroscope1893

photofluoroscope1896

skiascope1896

fluorimeter1898

stethendoscope1899

roentgenoscope1905

penetrometer1907

penetrameter1912

roentgenkymograph1914

stereofluoroscope1932

tomograph1935

kymograph1936

phototimer1942

photoscope1944

pantomograph1954

orthopantomograph1959

panograph1961

1936 P. Kerley Rec. Adv. in Radiol. (ed. 2) iv. 69 In its simplest form the X ray kymograph consists of a metal grid with a row of transverse slits of equal width and equidistant from each other.

1938 Q. Jrnl. Med. 31 463 In cardiac aneurysm..a paradoxical pulsation—expansion of the sac during ventricular systole—has been recorded by kymograph.

1959 P. Cignolini in A. A. Luisada Cardiol. II. iv. viii. 199/1 The RK's of Gott and Rosenthal were recorded through a single slit. Later, Crane (1916) used a kymograph with two overlapping slits.

Derivatives

kymoˈgraphic adj. pertaining to or made with a kymograph.

ΚΠ

1885 Med. Times & Gaz. 26 Dec. 888 The new method of writing kymographic curves.

1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 106/2 Mercurial kymographic tracing from carotid of a dog.

1930 J. R. Firth Speech ii. 16 Kymographic speech tracings are invaluable in the study of the length and pitch of vowels..and other characteristic elements of speech.

1936 P. Kerley Rec. Adv. in Radiol. (ed. 2) iv. 70 The kymographic appearance of the right border of the heart is more complicated than that of the left border.

1948 J. W. McLaren Mod. Trends Diagn. Radiol. xiv. 183 Kymographic exposures require much higher loading on an x-ray tube than does ordinary radiography.

1963 Amer. Speech 38 72 Considerable sampling of Hungarian unstressed vowels recorded in natural situations submitted to kymographic analysis.

kymoˈgraphically adv. by means of a kymograph.

ΚΠ

1942 Biol. Abstr. 16 496/1 The temp. and the specific gravity of the inner soln. were kymographically recorded.

1948 J. W. McLaren Mod. Trends Diagn. Radiol. xiv. 190 Systolic contraction of the ventricle..recorded kymographically.

1964 L. Kaiser in D. Abercrombie et al. Daniel Jones 106 Rousselot..showed kymographically the large differences in the activity of articulation muscles in stressed and unstressed syllables.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	kymograph
释义	kymographn. Brit. /ˈkʌɪmə(ʊ)ɡrɑːf/, /ˈkʌɪmə(ʊ)ɡraf/, U.S. /ˈkaɪməˌɡræf/ Etymology: < Greek κῡμο-, combining form of κῦμα wave + -graph comb. form; in sense 1, < German kymographion, the name given by A. W. Volkmann (in Die Hämodynamik (1850) iv. 120) to the instrument invented by K. F. W. Ludwig. 1. An instrument for graphically recording variations of pressure of a fluid, esp. of blood in the vessels of a living animal; a recording manometer; also called kymographion n. Later used more widely; the instrument consists of a cylinder rotated by a clockwork or electric motor, together with a stylus designed to trace on a roll of paper wrapped around the cylinder a curve representing pressure variations or motion communicated to the stylus. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > mechanics > force > [noun] > pressure > fluid pressure > measuring instruments air gauge1787 piezometer1820 gas gauge1836 pressure gauge1836 thermometer-gauge1841 kymograph1855 telemanometer1884 tensimeter1907 isoteniscope1910 Pirani gauge1911 Knudsen gauge1918 Knudsen manometer1961 the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > action or process of flowing > [noun] > rate of flow > instrument to regulate or measure rate > specifically water pressure kymograph1901 impact tube1916 the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > [noun] > instruments or diagrams phthongometer1837 logograph1879 glossograph1883 palate-myograph1884 palatogram1902 tongue-curve1902 kymograph1918 voiceprint1918 vowel diagram1932 kymogram1934 speech stretcher1948 word-palatogram1948 recognizer1949 phonolaryngoscope1953 speech recognizer1953 grid1961 voiceprinter1966 1855 C. A. Harris Dict. Med. Terminol., Dental Surg., & Collateral Sci. (ed. 2) 419/2 Kymographion, an instrument which shows the relation between the pulse wave and the undulations produced by respiration. 1872 Lancet I. 675 Fick's spring manometer or spring kymograph..are excellent instruments for registering the pulse-motions. 1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. II. 934 The kymograph registered a very rapid..fall of the arterial pressure. 1901 E. B. Titchener Exper. Psychol. I. i. viii. 112 O fixates the outermost grey ring of the disc... As the grey fades or drops out of view, he presses the bulb... As (or when) the grey returns, he relaxes the pressure. The curve of fluctuation is thus written, above the time line, upon the smoked paper of the kymograph. 1918 A. L. F. Snell Pause 1 The results in this investigation are based upon speech records made with an apparatus such as is used in experimental phonetics... The kymograph used in all the work was the complete Zimmerman pattern, with Herring slide and writing plane. 1928 Science 20 July 62/1 When such phenomena as the speed of a nerve impulse or reaction time are to be recorded, a very fast kymograph drum is an absolute necessity. 1938 Trans. Philol. Soc. 76 The apparatus used is the physiological kymograph, fitted with three appropriate Marey tambours. The upper bold tracing is that of jaw movement; the second supplies a record of sound obtained..; the third the time-marking inscribed by a tuning-fork. 1949 B. J. Underwood Exper. Psychol. vi. 163 These markers write on a kymograph, a slowly rotating drum covered with waxed or smoked paper. The rat..bounces the cage on the tambours, thus changing the air pressure which in turn activates the markers which record the animal's activity. 1959 E. Pulgram Introd. Spectrogr. Speech vi. 52 The kymograph produces registrations representing variations in the total amount of pressure during articulation. 1970 Reese & Lipsitt Exper. Child Psychol. iii. 83 Head-turning responses were recorded by means of a head harness mechanically attached to a kymograph. 2. Radiology. An apparatus for recording the movement of the heart or other internal organs by moving an X-ray plate or film past one or more slits in a screen placed between it and the subject, so that movement of the organ in a direction parallel to a slit is recorded as a curve separating differently exposed portions of the radiograph; = roentgenkymograph n. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > diagnosis or prognosis > radiography or radiology > [noun] > equipment used in fluoroscope1893 photofluoroscope1896 skiascope1896 fluorimeter1898 stethendoscope1899 roentgenoscope1905 penetrometer1907 penetrameter1912 roentgenkymograph1914 stereofluoroscope1932 tomograph1935 kymograph1936 phototimer1942 photoscope1944 pantomograph1954 orthopantomograph1959 panograph1961 1936 P. Kerley Rec. Adv. in Radiol. (ed. 2) iv. 69 In its simplest form the X ray kymograph consists of a metal grid with a row of transverse slits of equal width and equidistant from each other. 1938 Q. Jrnl. Med. 31 463 In cardiac aneurysm..a paradoxical pulsation—expansion of the sac during ventricular systole—has been recorded by kymograph. 1959 P. Cignolini in A. A. Luisada Cardiol. II. iv. viii. 199/1 The RK's of Gott and Rosenthal were recorded through a single slit. Later, Crane (1916) used a kymograph with two overlapping slits. Derivatives kymoˈgraphic adj. pertaining to or made with a kymograph. ΚΠ 1885 Med. Times & Gaz. 26 Dec. 888 The new method of writing kymographic curves. 1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 106/2 Mercurial kymographic tracing from carotid of a dog. 1930 J. R. Firth Speech ii. 16 Kymographic speech tracings are invaluable in the study of the length and pitch of vowels..and other characteristic elements of speech. 1936 P. Kerley Rec. Adv. in Radiol. (ed. 2) iv. 70 The kymographic appearance of the right border of the heart is more complicated than that of the left border. 1948 J. W. McLaren Mod. Trends Diagn. Radiol. xiv. 183 Kymographic exposures require much higher loading on an x-ray tube than does ordinary radiography. 1963 Amer. Speech 38 72 Considerable sampling of Hungarian unstressed vowels recorded in natural situations submitted to kymographic analysis. kymoˈgraphically adv. by means of a kymograph. ΚΠ 1942 Biol. Abstr. 16 496/1 The temp. and the specific gravity of the inner soln. were kymographically recorded. 1948 J. W. McLaren Mod. Trends Diagn. Radiol. xiv. 190 Systolic contraction of the ventricle..recorded kymographically. 1964 L. Kaiser in D. Abercrombie et al. Daniel Jones 106 Rousselot..showed kymographically the large differences in the activity of articulation muscles in stressed and unstressed syllables. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1855
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