Krautn.adj.

Brit.

/kraʊt/, U.S.

/kraʊt/

Forms: 1700s– Kraut, 1800s Crout, 1900s– Krout; also with lower-case initial.

Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German Kraut.

Etymology: < German Kraut leafy plant, herb, cabbage (8th cent. in Old High German as chrūt vegetable, cabbage; Middle High German krūt small leafy plant, herb, vegetable), cognate with Old Dutch krūt herb (Middle Dutch cruut, crut, cruyt herb, plant, greenery, vegetable, Dutch kruid herb, spice), Old Saxon krūd weed (Middle Low German krūt plant, herb, seasoning, spice, confectionery); further etymology uncertain.In colloquial use with reference to Germans apparently alluding to the use of cabbage as an ingredient in dishes considered typical of German cuisine (compare e.g. quots. 1845 and 1855 at sense A. 1 and earlier sauerkraut n.).

A. n.

1. With lower-case initial. Originally: cabbage. Later: pickled cabbage, sauerkraut. Now chiefly North American.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > prepared vegetables and dishes > [noun] > sauerkraut

sour-crout1617

sauerkraut1633

sour crude1708

Kraut1790

choucroute1849

liberty cabbage1918

Weinkraut1955

1790 E. Riou Jrnl. 4 Feb. in Last Voy. of Guardian (1990) 96 A cask of kraut stood by the mainmast and another of vinegar.

1845 Punch 9 94/1 Happy midst his native kraut My princely Albert wanders.

1855 ‘G. Eliot’ in Fraser's Mag. June 311/1 Kraut and wurst may be called the solid prose of Thuringian diet.

1858 Pennsylvania Dutchman 1 Oct. 2 All my soul is in delight When mommy fixes crout just right.

a1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. 834/1 Sour Kraut Cutter, a machine for cutting cabbage for kraut.

1937 D. Runyon in Collier's 16 Jan. 47/2 Nicely-Nicely now observes that the very choicest spareribs are on Jake's plate, and also the most kraut.

1980 K. Boyle Fifty Stories 280 They're having venison and kraut for supper.

2007 Globe & Mail (Toronto) (Nexis) 15 Sept. l7 The kraut is about as delicate as cabbage gets, its vinegar applied with a light hand and the cabbage barely pickled.

a. colloquial (offensive and chiefly derogatory). A German. Also occasionally: Germans collectively.Frequently used during or with reference to the First World War (1914–18) or Second World War (1939–45).

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier by nationality > [noun] > German

Hessian1729

Kraut1862

Fritz1887

Heinie1904

Fritzie1915

strafer1915

Jerry1916

pickelhaube1931

feldgrau1934

Ted1947

1838 T. Power St Patrick's Eve (verso title page) Dramatis Personae... Sergeant Kraut. (Of the Guards.)

1841 H. J. Mercier & W. Gallop Life in Man-of-War 26 One of them hit old Crout, the Dutchman,..bim in the eye.]

1862 Art. 26 Jan. in W. B. Styple Writing & Fighting Civil War (2000) 64 Mickey.—‘Well, bad luck to ye for a Dutchman. What d'ye mane by that?.. You, ye crout, ye!’ Dutchy.—‘You Irisher, you tid said tat I was crout, ain't it?’

1918 G. E. Griffin Ballads of Regiment 34 But he always loved a soldier, be he..‘Krout’ or ‘Mick’.

1919 C. B. Hoyt Heroes of Argonne 41 The Frogs and Krauts got it fixed up between 'em.

1926 Sat. Evening Post 12 June 148/3 ‘Wait a while, fellers,’ he said. ‘The krauts are sockin' the crossroads.’

1945 Daily Herald 8 May 4/4 The men just said things like, ‘Well, the Krauts are done for.’

1946 J. M. Scott Other Side of Moon v. 86 The Kraut will soon have to fall back.

1966 T. Pynchon Crying of Lot 49 i. 15 Maybe..he should have been in a war, Japs in trees, Krauts in Tiger tanks.

1971 J. Osborne West of Suez i. 27 An odd Kraut or two, bellowing at their Fraus.

1980 K. Amis Lett. (2000) 881 Shes not a spick or a mick or a hunk or a bohunk or a wop or a kraut or any of those.

1999 K. Vonnegut Bagombo Snuff Box 292 I myself am a purebred Kraut.

2002 R. Williams Sing yer Heart out for Lads i. 29 There was this couple of Krauts sitting nearby, so juss for a laugh, I goes, I gives the old Nazi salute.

b. The German language.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Germanic > German

Dutchc1380

German1594

Teutonic1631

Kraut1938

1938 Daily Herald (Biloxi, Mississippi) 30 June 4/2 He..indicted some people for being spies for Germany to put some of our defense secrets in kraut.

1948 A. Lyon Toward Unknown Station 222 She talks Kraut when she talks to the men.

1955 E. Hemingway Let. 14 Nov. in Sel. Lett. (1981) 850 I can..command a platoon in Kraut.

1989 London Mag. June 73 Two fairies Skittered behind the bar, talking Kraut Or maybe Arabic.

1998 R. Hill On Beulah Height (1999) ii. iv. 113 Speaks good Frog and Kraut, they say.

B. adj. (attributive).

colloquial (offensive and chiefly derogatory). German.Frequently used during or with reference to the First World War (1914–18) or Second World War (1939–45).

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > native or inhabitant of Germany > [adjective]

Germanic1539

German1548

Germanical1560

Almanie1564

Dutchkin1576

Teutonic1647

Almain1665

transrhenanea1727

Germanish1796

Hun1820

Dutchy1862

Kraut1911

Gretchen1913

Boche1914

Hunnish1915

Fritz1919

1911 E. Dyson Benno vii. 94 The poetic young German was explaining the opera... ‘Garn,’ blurted Mr. Dickson, ‘get orf the kraut hog.’

1919 C. G. MacArthur Bug's-eye View War 75 For a time we roosted on the pieces, kidding the Kraut prisoners or mooching around the lately occupied positions.

1938 T. M. Johnson & F. Pratt Lost Battalion 17 There were ‘kraut’ machine guns barking at them in the dark.

1954 W. Faulkner Fable 376 He's got to be killed from in front, by a Kraut bullet—see?

1974 L. Deighton Spy Story xviii. 195 ‘That goddamn Kraut sub,’ said the Conning Officer.

1986 D. Potter Singing Detective iv. 150 Called out some kraut word, apparently.

2006 New Yorker 28 Aug. 66/2 A big, softhearted pfc. [= Private First Class] in a fifties war movie who you know is going to be picked off by a Kraut sniper.

Compounds

C1. General attributive and objective with agent nouns and participles (in sense A. 1).

ΚΠ

1864 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Aug. 196/2 The great kraut-eating, solid, and, in the main, right-hearted German nation.

1877 Iowa State Reporter 7 Nov. 8/2 John Palmer left at our office last week two cabbages weighing over thirty-two pounds... Our kraut barrel is full.

1895 Montgomery Ward Catal. Spring & Summer 576/2 Kraut Cutters, 8 × 26 inches. 3 cast steel knives.

1895 Montgomery Ward Catal. Spring & Summer 574/1 Kraut Forks..Combined Clothes Pounder and Kraut Stamper.

1909 C. S. Osborn Andean Land I. v. 105 The cabbages headed perfectly, and in the Autumn month of March they were ready for the kraut barrel.

1979 Sunset Apr. 198/3 A speciality that rivals the hamburger in popularity: kraut burgers.

1998 T. Lust Pass Polenta 45 Nana shreds the heads into slaw with the kraut-cutter that had been her mama's.

2001 J. Franzen Corrections 400 She cooked at home for eight hours, shrink-wrapping trout, juggling half a dozen kraut salads.

C2.

Kraut-bashing n. the action or practice of targeting Germans for verbal attack or abuse; the incitement or exploitation of anti-German sentiment.

ΚΠ

1974 New Society 21 Feb. 435/2 The Hitler stuff, together with the usual illustrations of inflated multimillion mark notes..looks more like what is inelegantly called ‘Kraut-bashing’.

1994 M. Dennis in J. H. Reid Re-assessing GDR 90 The classic case of ‘Kraut-bashing’ occurred in the rambling interview given by Nicholas Ridley in July 1990.

2010 Independent (Nexis) 28 June 4 After decades of Kraut-bashing in the British media, England was getting a taste of its own medicine.

kraut-eater n. (a) (chiefly North American) a person who eats sauerkraut; (b) colloquial (offensive and chiefly derogatory) a German.

ΚΠ

1865 New Albany (Indiana) Daily Ledger 6 Oct. New Albany sensationals.—‘Pigeons flying overhead’, ‘Kraut-eaters preparing for the coming season’.

1870 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag Nov. 551/2 I should have given these kraut-eaters such an indigestion, that they'd have had no stomach for gunpowder.

1936 Our Army Feb. 14 We and the kraut-eaters were mixing it up to make the world safe for bigger and better wars.

1976 Racine (Wisconsin) Jrnl. Times 19 Sept. 6 a/3 Fat Racine County cabbage becomes a shredded, bottled delight for kraut eaters.

2011 R. Dixon tr. U. Eco Prague Cemetery xvii. 240 Someone, comparing the Germans with the Thiers government, suggested that the kraut-eaters were good Christians after all.

krauthead n. colloquial (offensive and chiefly derogatory); chiefly North American a German.

ΚΠ

1904 Evening News 28 Dec. 2/2 I expect to brush up on my German as there are a great many kraut heads in this city.

1929 W. T. Scanlon God have Mercy on Us! 4 What gives me a pain in the neck is all the time we wasted up at Verdun in the old trenches when we might have been killing Krautheads.

1951 N.Y. Times 18 Oct. 38/3 Leo cups his glove in front of his mouth and hollers to me, ‘Hey, Krauthead, who takes the throw?’

2002 L. Terrell Descendant 275 Fuck these krautheads! Who won the goddamn war anyway?

Krautland n. colloquial (offensive and chiefly derogatory) Germany.

ΚΠ

1845 C. G. F. Gore Story Royal Favourite II. ii. 39 The young Prince of Saxe-Krautland, who was dying to join it [sc. the party], did not venture more than a peep at them through the door.]

1907 Colliers 14 Dec. 31/1 The ‘funeral baked meats’ of krautland bologna had been consumed in his memory.

1945 D. A. Webb Let. 1 July in Lett. from Heart (2013) xi. 195 I must go now, the sack calls and I gotta get up early for my flight over to kraut land.

1962 R. Cook Crust on its Uppers i. 24 We were doing some biz near Munich..back to this day in krautland.

2009 Manch. Evening News (Nexis) 14 Mar. 8 West called his neighbour a ‘Kraut’, swore and told him go back to ‘Krautland’.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	kraut
释义	Krautn.adj. Brit. /kraʊt/, U.S. /kraʊt/ Forms: 1700s– Kraut, 1800s Crout, 1900s– Krout; also with lower-case initial. Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German Kraut. Etymology: < German Kraut leafy plant, herb, cabbage (8th cent. in Old High German as chrūt vegetable, cabbage; Middle High German krūt small leafy plant, herb, vegetable), cognate with Old Dutch krūt herb (Middle Dutch cruut, crut, cruyt herb, plant, greenery, vegetable, Dutch kruid herb, spice), Old Saxon krūd weed (Middle Low German krūt plant, herb, seasoning, spice, confectionery); further etymology uncertain.In colloquial use with reference to Germans apparently alluding to the use of cabbage as an ingredient in dishes considered typical of German cuisine (compare e.g. quots. 1845 and 1855 at sense A. 1 and earlier sauerkraut n.). A. n. 1. With lower-case initial. Originally: cabbage. Later: pickled cabbage, sauerkraut. Now chiefly North American. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > prepared vegetables and dishes > [noun] > sauerkraut sour-crout1617 sauerkraut1633 sour crude1708 Kraut1790 choucroute1849 liberty cabbage1918 Weinkraut1955 1790 E. Riou Jrnl. 4 Feb. in Last Voy. of Guardian (1990) 96 A cask of kraut stood by the mainmast and another of vinegar. 1845 Punch 9 94/1 Happy midst his native kraut My princely Albert wanders. 1855 ‘G. Eliot’ in Fraser's Mag. June 311/1 Kraut and wurst may be called the solid prose of Thuringian diet. 1858 Pennsylvania Dutchman 1 Oct. 2 All my soul is in delight When mommy fixes crout just right. a1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. 834/1 Sour Kraut Cutter, a machine for cutting cabbage for kraut. 1937 D. Runyon in Collier's 16 Jan. 47/2 Nicely-Nicely now observes that the very choicest spareribs are on Jake's plate, and also the most kraut. 1980 K. Boyle Fifty Stories 280 They're having venison and kraut for supper. 2007 Globe & Mail (Toronto) (Nexis) 15 Sept. l7 The kraut is about as delicate as cabbage gets, its vinegar applied with a light hand and the cabbage barely pickled. 2. a. colloquial (offensive and chiefly derogatory). A German. Also occasionally: Germans collectively.Frequently used during or with reference to the First World War (1914–18) or Second World War (1939–45). ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier by nationality > [noun] > German Hessian1729 Kraut1862 Fritz1887 Heinie1904 Fritzie1915 strafer1915 Jerry1916 pickelhaube1931 feldgrau1934 Ted1947 1838 T. Power St Patrick's Eve (verso title page) Dramatis Personae... Sergeant Kraut. (Of the Guards.) 1841 H. J. Mercier & W. Gallop Life in Man-of-War 26 One of them hit old Crout, the Dutchman,..bim in the eye.] 1862 Art. 26 Jan. in W. B. Styple Writing & Fighting Civil War (2000) 64 Mickey.—‘Well, bad luck to ye for a Dutchman. What d'ye mane by that?.. You, ye crout, ye!’ Dutchy.—‘You Irisher, you tid said tat I was crout, ain't it?’ 1918 G. E. Griffin Ballads of Regiment 34 But he always loved a soldier, be he..‘Krout’ or ‘Mick’. 1919 C. B. Hoyt Heroes of Argonne 41 The Frogs and Krauts got it fixed up between 'em. 1926 Sat. Evening Post 12 June 148/3 ‘Wait a while, fellers,’ he said. ‘The krauts are sockin' the crossroads.’ 1945 Daily Herald 8 May 4/4 The men just said things like, ‘Well, the Krauts are done for.’ 1946 J. M. Scott Other Side of Moon v. 86 The Kraut will soon have to fall back. 1966 T. Pynchon Crying of Lot 49 i. 15 Maybe..he should have been in a war, Japs in trees, Krauts in Tiger tanks. 1971 J. Osborne West of Suez i. 27 An odd Kraut or two, bellowing at their Fraus. 1980 K. Amis Lett. (2000) 881 Shes not a spick or a mick or a hunk or a bohunk or a wop or a kraut or any of those. 1999 K. Vonnegut Bagombo Snuff Box 292 I myself am a purebred Kraut. 2002 R. Williams Sing yer Heart out for Lads i. 29 There was this couple of Krauts sitting nearby, so juss for a laugh, I goes, I gives the old Nazi salute. b. The German language. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Germanic > German Dutchc1380 German1594 Teutonic1631 Kraut1938 1938 Daily Herald (Biloxi, Mississippi) 30 June 4/2 He..indicted some people for being spies for Germany to put some of our defense secrets in kraut. 1948 A. Lyon Toward Unknown Station 222 She talks Kraut when she talks to the men. 1955 E. Hemingway Let. 14 Nov. in Sel. Lett. (1981) 850 I can..command a platoon in Kraut. 1989 London Mag. June 73 Two fairies Skittered behind the bar, talking Kraut Or maybe Arabic. 1998 R. Hill On Beulah Height (1999) ii. iv. 113 Speaks good Frog and Kraut, they say. B. adj. (attributive). colloquial (offensive and chiefly derogatory). German.Frequently used during or with reference to the First World War (1914–18) or Second World War (1939–45). ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > native or inhabitant of Germany > [adjective] Germanic1539 German1548 Germanical1560 Almanie1564 Dutchkin1576 Teutonic1647 Almain1665 transrhenanea1727 Germanish1796 Hun1820 Dutchy1862 Kraut1911 Gretchen1913 Boche1914 Hunnish1915 Fritz1919 1911 E. Dyson Benno vii. 94 The poetic young German was explaining the opera... ‘Garn,’ blurted Mr. Dickson, ‘get orf the kraut hog.’ 1919 C. G. MacArthur Bug's-eye View War 75 For a time we roosted on the pieces, kidding the Kraut prisoners or mooching around the lately occupied positions. 1938 T. M. Johnson & F. Pratt Lost Battalion 17 There were ‘kraut’ machine guns barking at them in the dark. 1954 W. Faulkner Fable 376 He's got to be killed from in front, by a Kraut bullet—see? 1974 L. Deighton Spy Story xviii. 195 ‘That goddamn Kraut sub,’ said the Conning Officer. 1986 D. Potter Singing Detective iv. 150 Called out some kraut word, apparently. 2006 New Yorker 28 Aug. 66/2 A big, softhearted pfc. [= Private First Class] in a fifties war movie who you know is going to be picked off by a Kraut sniper. Compounds C1. General attributive and objective with agent nouns and participles (in sense A. 1). ΚΠ 1864 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Aug. 196/2 The great kraut-eating, solid, and, in the main, right-hearted German nation. 1877 Iowa State Reporter 7 Nov. 8/2 John Palmer left at our office last week two cabbages weighing over thirty-two pounds... Our kraut barrel is full. 1895 Montgomery Ward Catal. Spring & Summer 576/2 Kraut Cutters, 8 × 26 inches. 3 cast steel knives. 1895 Montgomery Ward Catal. Spring & Summer 574/1 Kraut Forks..Combined Clothes Pounder and Kraut Stamper. 1909 C. S. Osborn Andean Land I. v. 105 The cabbages headed perfectly, and in the Autumn month of March they were ready for the kraut barrel. 1979 Sunset Apr. 198/3 A speciality that rivals the hamburger in popularity: kraut burgers. 1998 T. Lust Pass Polenta 45 Nana shreds the heads into slaw with the kraut-cutter that had been her mama's. 2001 J. Franzen Corrections 400 She cooked at home for eight hours, shrink-wrapping trout, juggling half a dozen kraut salads. C2. Kraut-bashing n. the action or practice of targeting Germans for verbal attack or abuse; the incitement or exploitation of anti-German sentiment. ΚΠ 1974 New Society 21 Feb. 435/2 The Hitler stuff, together with the usual illustrations of inflated multimillion mark notes..looks more like what is inelegantly called ‘Kraut-bashing’. 1994 M. Dennis in J. H. Reid Re-assessing GDR 90 The classic case of ‘Kraut-bashing’ occurred in the rambling interview given by Nicholas Ridley in July 1990. 2010 Independent (Nexis) 28 June 4 After decades of Kraut-bashing in the British media, England was getting a taste of its own medicine. kraut-eater n. (a) (chiefly North American) a person who eats sauerkraut; (b) colloquial (offensive and chiefly derogatory) a German. ΚΠ 1865 New Albany (Indiana) Daily Ledger 6 Oct. New Albany sensationals.—‘Pigeons flying overhead’, ‘Kraut-eaters preparing for the coming season’. 1870 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag Nov. 551/2 I should have given these kraut-eaters such an indigestion, that they'd have had no stomach for gunpowder. 1936 Our Army Feb. 14 We and the kraut-eaters were mixing it up to make the world safe for bigger and better wars. 1976 Racine (Wisconsin) Jrnl. Times 19 Sept. 6 a/3 Fat Racine County cabbage becomes a shredded, bottled delight for kraut eaters. 2011 R. Dixon tr. U. Eco Prague Cemetery xvii. 240 Someone, comparing the Germans with the Thiers government, suggested that the kraut-eaters were good Christians after all. krauthead n. colloquial (offensive and chiefly derogatory); chiefly North American a German. ΚΠ 1904 Evening News 28 Dec. 2/2 I expect to brush up on my German as there are a great many kraut heads in this city. 1929 W. T. Scanlon God have Mercy on Us! 4 What gives me a pain in the neck is all the time we wasted up at Verdun in the old trenches when we might have been killing Krautheads. 1951 N.Y. Times 18 Oct. 38/3 Leo cups his glove in front of his mouth and hollers to me, ‘Hey, Krauthead, who takes the throw?’ 2002 L. Terrell Descendant 275 Fuck these krautheads! Who won the goddamn war anyway? Krautland n. colloquial (offensive and chiefly derogatory) Germany. ΚΠ 1845 C. G. F. Gore Story Royal Favourite II. ii. 39 The young Prince of Saxe-Krautland, who was dying to join it [sc. the party], did not venture more than a peep at them through the door.] 1907 Colliers 14 Dec. 31/1 The ‘funeral baked meats’ of krautland bologna had been consumed in his memory. 1945 D. A. Webb Let. 1 July in Lett. from Heart (2013) xi. 195 I must go now, the sack calls and I gotta get up early for my flight over to kraut land. 1962 R. Cook Crust on its Uppers i. 24 We were doing some biz near Munich..back to this day in krautland. 2009 Manch. Evening News (Nexis) 14 Mar. 8 West called his neighbour a ‘Kraut’, swore and told him go back to ‘Krautland’. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1790
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