jettisonn.

Brit.

/ˈdʒɛtᵻs(ə)n/,

/ˈdʒɛtᵻz(ə)n/, U.S.

/ˈdʒɛdəs(ə)n/,

/ˈdʒɛdəz(ə)n/

Forms: late Middle English jetteson, late Middle English (in a late copy) jetysoun, 1500s jetison, 1600s jettezon, 1700s jettezoon, 1700s– jettison.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French jettison.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Law French getteson, gettison, geteson, jettison action or an act of throwing goods overboard, esp. in order to lighten a ship in distress (beginning of the 14th cent.) < classical Latin iactātiōn- , iactātiō (see jactation n.); compare -ison suffix.In spoken use, the unstressed medial vowel was lost in the 16th cent., whence later jetsam n. (compare forms at that entry, and also similar forms with elision of medial unstressed vowel at benison n., β. forms at venison n.). As jetsam n. had developed a concrete sense (jetsam n. 1a), writers on marine insurance restored the earlier form as jettison to distinguish the noun of action from the sense ‘objects thrown overboard and floating in the water’.

a. In maritime law: the action or an act of throwing goods overboard, esp. in order to lighten a ship in distress.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > relinquishing > casting or laying aside > [noun] > throwing goods overboard

jettison1426

jetsam1641

jettisoning1863

society > travel > travel by water > other nautical operations > [noun] > damage limitation operations

jettison1426

laving1457

jetsam1641

bailing1682

fothering1769

baling1856

1426 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. Feb. 1426 §28. m. 6 Wool..taken uppon þe see be enemys, or lost be jetteson, or be any oþer mysaventure.

1491 T. Banyard tr. Olde Bk. Lawes & Customes Yermouth in H. Swinden Hist. & Antiq. Great Yarmouth (1772) 146 One ys of wrek of the see. The seconde, whiche ys called laggan. The iiide whiche ys called jetysoun.

1536 in T. Twiss Black Bk. Admiralty (1873) II. 469 It is necessary to make jetison to lighten the said shype.

1622 G. de Malynes Consuetudo i. xxv. 150 The verie words contained in all or most policies of Assurances, namely, Of the Seas,..Pirats, Rouers, Theeues, Iettezons, Letters of Mart, and Couenants, [etc.].

1755 N. Magens Ess. Insurances I. 55 Whatever the Master of a Ship in Distress..deliberately resolves to do..in throwing Goods overboard to lighten his Vessel, which is what is meant by Jettison or Jetson.

1755 N. Magens Ess. Insurances II. 182 Ammunition, and Stores, Wages or Hire, and Cloaths of Seamen, shall not contribute towards the Jettison.

1843 W. Waterston Cycl. Commerce at Average An accurate statement of the circumstances under which a jettison, or other loss on which average is claimed, should be entered in the log.

1880 Times 30 Dec. 12/1 The Mars..was got off by a tug, after jettison of a portion of the cargo.

1993 B. Farthing Internat. Shipping (ed. 2) v. 48 When action or other sacrifices or expenditure has to be taken to save the ship and cargo (e.g., jettison of the cargo in whole or part) the expenses must be shared by those who have an interest.

†b. = jetsam n. 1a. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > possessions > [noun] > personal or movable property > flotsam or jetsam

shipwreck?a1100

wreke1420

wrecka1425

wrack1428

jetsam1491

waveson1526

wrake1544

sea-wracks1548

water1552

wracksa1586

flotsam1607

wrack-goods1671

floatage1672

wreck-goods1693

jettison1708

wreck-wood1821

wreckages1864

1708 Rastell's Termes de la Ley (new ed.) 394/2 Jettezoons, This is mentioned in Policies of Insurance, and signifies Goods thrown into the Sea in a great Storm.

1848 J. J. S. Wharton Law Lexicon Jetsam, Jettison, or Jetson, goods or other things which having been cast overboard in a storm, or, after shipwreck, are thrown upon the shore.

2. In extended use. The action of casting aside or abandoning something; an instance of this. Cf. to throw (also cast, fling, etc.) overboard at overboard adv. 2a.In quot. 1846 in the context of an extended metaphor.

ΚΠ

1846 J. C. Campbell Lives Lord Chancellors 2nd Ser. V. cxlviii. 350 The vessel of the state is best prepared to encounter a storm by making a jettison of abuses.

1887 Sat. Rev. 6 Aug. 174/1 The jettison of convictions, of honour, of patriotism.

1900 Q. Rev. Apr. 321 Mere modernity..involved the complete jettison of every restraining principle in language, metre, and morals.

1916 T. M. Kettle Poems & Parodies 48 What paltry, unresisted jettison Of dear hopes held.

1974 J. Caulfield Tiny Perfect Mayor viii. 129 A jettison of the politically ambiguous elements of the reform movement.

2005 J. L. Coker Liquor in Land of Lost Cause (2007) iii. 95 Conservative evangelicals..viewed their activities as a jettison of the traditional southern doctrine of the spirituality of the church.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

jettisonv.

Brit.

/ˈdʒɛtᵻs(ə)n/,

/ˈdʒɛtᵻz(ə)n/, U.S.

/ˈdʒɛdəs(ə)n/,

/ˈdʒɛdəz(ə)n/

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: jettison n.

Etymology: < jettison n.

1. transitive. To throw overboard (cargo, articles of merchandise, etc.), esp. in order to lighten a ship in distress. Also intransitive.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > relinquishing > casting or laying aside > [verb (transitive)] > throw goods overboard

jettison1848

society > travel > travel by water > other nautical operations > [verb (transitive)] > jettison

jettison1848

1848 J. Arnould Law Marine Insurance II. iii. iv. 890 The goods in such case are as much sacrificed for the general safety as though they were jettisoned.

1868 Law Times 10 Oct. 423/1 The master may jettison, after having determined upon it with the advice of the mate, of his pilot, and of his boatswain.

1880 Times 13 July 10 The vessel experienced such severe weather that she was compelled..to jettison about 1000 cases petroleum.

1940 ‘N. Shute’ Landfall v. 137 On last voyage was forced to jettison 600 tons of rubber at Weymouth, British contraband control port, following navicert trouble.

1982 T. C. Gilmer & B. Johnson Introd. to Naval Archit. x. 191/1 The decision to jettison, of course, should be made by the commanding officer.

1991 Highways & Transportation Aug. (Appointments & Events Suppl.) 54 He had to jettison his cargo to speed to safety.

2. transitive. To abandon or discard (someone or something that is no longer wanted or sustainable).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > relinquishing > casting or laying aside > [verb (transitive)]

to let awaya1000

forcast?c1225

to lay downc1275

forthrow1340

flita1375

removea1382

to cast away1382

understrewc1384

castc1390

to lay awaya1400

to lay asidec1440

slingc1440

warpiss1444

to lay from, offc1480

way-put1496

depose1526

to lay apart1526

to put off1526

to set apart1530

to turn up1541

abandonate?1561

devest1566

dispatch1569

decarta1572

discard1578

to make away1580

to fling away1587

to cast off1597

doff1599

cashier1603

to set by1603

moult1604

excuss1607

retorta1616

divest1639

deposit1646

disentail1667

dismiss1675

slough1845

shed1856

jettison1869

shake1872

offload1900

junk1911

dump1919

sluff1934

bin1940

to put down1944

shitcan1973

1869 Littell's Living Age 12 June 642/2 I've jettisoned those youthful dreams And they are washed upon the shore.

1874 A. Robertson Nuggets 177 When my patience was nearly all jettisoned I heard the sharp ting of a bell.

1895 Westm. Gaz. 27 Mar. 3/1 Count Tolstoy..jettisons a chapter here, a verse there, an Epistle there.

1937 V. McNabb God's Way of Mercy xx. 178 When we have confessed our sins in the Sacrament of Mercy, some of the overlading of our soul has been jettisoned.

1945 N. Coward Diary 21 May (2000) 31 It is idiotic to try and jettison Churchill at this moment.

1982 S. K. Penman Sunne in Splendour (1984) ii. xii. 459 He jettisoned the thought, half formed.

2007 Wall St. Jrnl. 2 Oct. b17/3 Time Warner..pressured the network..to jettison the teen-dream stuff for shows that might interest somebody north of 30.

a. transitive. To release or drop (something) from an aircraft or spacecraft in flight, esp. in order to lighten the load; spec. to drop (a bomb) intentionally from an aircraft somewhere other than over an assigned target.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > air or space travel > action of flying (in) aircraft > specific flying operations or procedures > [verb (transitive)] > drop from aircraft in flight

jettison1934

1934 [implied in: Shell Aviation News No. 34. 18/1 As a result, the machine can be used for a variety of purposes... It is fitted with a ‘jettisonable’ fuel tank riveted with duralumin. (at jettisonable adj.)].

1942 D. M. Crook Spitfire Pilot 66 Enemy bombers showed a much greater tendency to jettison their bombs.

1942 R.A.F. Jrnl. 18 Apr. 14 ‘C for Charlie's’ pilot jettisoned his guns rather too near the wife of a senior officer who happened to be below.

1942 R.A.F. Jrnl. 18 Apr. 34 The crew went to their ditching stations... No fuel was jettisoned.

1946 J. W. R. Taylor & M. F. Allward Spitfire 101/1 The hood..could be jettisoned.

1955 Times 10 Aug. 8/7 The world's fastest aircraft..was jettisoned by its mother aircraft after an explosion at 30,000 ft.

1974 Flight Internat. 29 Aug. (Suppl.) 11/1 Surface-to-air missiles often use a booster to produce a high initial acceleration and push the missile clear of its launcher, the booster then being jettisoned.

2003 UFO Mag. Sept. 52/3 Astronauts jettison the booster rockets about 28 miles into their ascent.

b. intransitive. Of a fuel tank or booster rocket: to drop off or fall away from a rocket or spacecraft in flight.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > air or space travel > space flight > [verb (intransitive)] > drop away from spacecraft

jettison1948

1948 Pop. Mech. Sept. 108/2 The rocket conceived..uses fuel drawn from four tanks that jettison successively from the nose.

1962 J. Glenn in J. Glenn et al. Into Orbit 138 The escape tower, which we would not need once we got above the atmosphere, would jettison when the boosters dropped off and lighten the load even more.

2007 S. Otfinoski Rockets vi. 68 The boosters would jettison from the orbiter a little more than two minutes into the flight.

Derivatives

ˈjettisoned adj.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > relinquishing > casting or laying aside > [adjective] > thrown overboard

jettisoned1861

society > travel > travel by water > other nautical operations > [adjective] > jettisoned

jettisoned1861

1861 Rep. Cases Superior Court N.Y. 4 217 Laws were written upon the subject of general average contribution for jettisoned cargo before the Roman Code.

1969 Changing Times Oct. 34/1 There was concern that if planes were stacked up in a holding pattern over a city, the jettisoned fuel might damage another plane.

2006 D. Powers Treasure Ship (2007) iv. 89 Wright refunded a total of $12000, although no mention is made of the jettisoned goods and shot horses.

ˈjettisoning n.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > relinquishing > casting or laying aside > [noun] > throwing goods overboard

jettison1426

jetsam1641

jettisoning1863

society > travel > air or space travel > specific movements or positions of aircraft > [noun] > dropping something from aircraft in flight

jettisoning1863

1863 Rep. Supreme Court Missouri 33 273 The question whether the vessel or cargo was in danger, or whether the jettisoning was successful.

1957 J. S. Huxley Relig. without Revelation ix. 209 This wholesale jettisoning.

2007 Man. Chem. Pollution (Internat. Maritime Org.) ii. iii. 12 The position of the jettisoning should be noted and the appropriate authorities..informed.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	jettison
释义	jettisonn. Brit. /ˈdʒɛtᵻs(ə)n/, /ˈdʒɛtᵻz(ə)n/, U.S. /ˈdʒɛdəs(ə)n/, /ˈdʒɛdəz(ə)n/ Forms: late Middle English jetteson, late Middle English (in a late copy) jetysoun, 1500s jetison, 1600s jettezon, 1700s jettezoon, 1700s– jettison. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French jettison. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Law French getteson, gettison, geteson, jettison action or an act of throwing goods overboard, esp. in order to lighten a ship in distress (beginning of the 14th cent.) < classical Latin iactātiōn- , iactātiō (see jactation n.); compare -ison suffix.In spoken use, the unstressed medial vowel was lost in the 16th cent., whence later jetsam n. (compare forms at that entry, and also similar forms with elision of medial unstressed vowel at benison n., β. forms at venison n.). As jetsam n. had developed a concrete sense (jetsam n. 1a), writers on marine insurance restored the earlier form as jettison to distinguish the noun of action from the sense ‘objects thrown overboard and floating in the water’. 1. a. In maritime law: the action or an act of throwing goods overboard, esp. in order to lighten a ship in distress. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > relinquishing > casting or laying aside > [noun] > throwing goods overboard jettison1426 jetsam1641 jettisoning1863 society > travel > travel by water > other nautical operations > [noun] > damage limitation operations jettison1426 laving1457 jetsam1641 bailing1682 fothering1769 baling1856 1426 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. Feb. 1426 §28. m. 6 Wool..taken uppon þe see be enemys, or lost be jetteson, or be any oþer mysaventure. 1491 T. Banyard tr. Olde Bk. Lawes & Customes Yermouth in H. Swinden Hist. & Antiq. Great Yarmouth (1772) 146 One ys of wrek of the see. The seconde, whiche ys called laggan. The iiide whiche ys called jetysoun. 1536 in T. Twiss Black Bk. Admiralty (1873) II. 469 It is necessary to make jetison to lighten the said shype. 1622 G. de Malynes Consuetudo i. xxv. 150 The verie words contained in all or most policies of Assurances, namely, Of the Seas,..Pirats, Rouers, Theeues, Iettezons, Letters of Mart, and Couenants, [etc.]. 1755 N. Magens Ess. Insurances I. 55 Whatever the Master of a Ship in Distress..deliberately resolves to do..in throwing Goods overboard to lighten his Vessel, which is what is meant by Jettison or Jetson. 1755 N. Magens Ess. Insurances II. 182 Ammunition, and Stores, Wages or Hire, and Cloaths of Seamen, shall not contribute towards the Jettison. 1843 W. Waterston Cycl. Commerce at Average An accurate statement of the circumstances under which a jettison, or other loss on which average is claimed, should be entered in the log. 1880 Times 30 Dec. 12/1 The Mars..was got off by a tug, after jettison of a portion of the cargo. 1993 B. Farthing Internat. Shipping (ed. 2) v. 48 When action or other sacrifices or expenditure has to be taken to save the ship and cargo (e.g., jettison of the cargo in whole or part) the expenses must be shared by those who have an interest. †b. = jetsam n. 1a. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > possessions > [noun] > personal or movable property > flotsam or jetsam shipwreck?a1100 wreke1420 wrecka1425 wrack1428 jetsam1491 waveson1526 wrake1544 sea-wracks1548 water1552 wracksa1586 flotsam1607 wrack-goods1671 floatage1672 wreck-goods1693 jettison1708 wreck-wood1821 wreckages1864 1708 Rastell's Termes de la Ley (new ed.) 394/2 Jettezoons, This is mentioned in Policies of Insurance, and signifies Goods thrown into the Sea in a great Storm. 1848 J. J. S. Wharton Law Lexicon Jetsam, Jettison, or Jetson, goods or other things which having been cast overboard in a storm, or, after shipwreck, are thrown upon the shore. 2. In extended use. The action of casting aside or abandoning something; an instance of this. Cf. to throw (also cast, fling, etc.) overboard at overboard adv. 2a.In quot. 1846 in the context of an extended metaphor. ΚΠ 1846 J. C. Campbell Lives Lord Chancellors 2nd Ser. V. cxlviii. 350 The vessel of the state is best prepared to encounter a storm by making a jettison of abuses. 1887 Sat. Rev. 6 Aug. 174/1 The jettison of convictions, of honour, of patriotism. 1900 Q. Rev. Apr. 321 Mere modernity..involved the complete jettison of every restraining principle in language, metre, and morals. 1916 T. M. Kettle Poems & Parodies 48 What paltry, unresisted jettison Of dear hopes held. 1974 J. Caulfield Tiny Perfect Mayor viii. 129 A jettison of the politically ambiguous elements of the reform movement. 2005 J. L. Coker Liquor in Land of Lost Cause (2007) iii. 95 Conservative evangelicals..viewed their activities as a jettison of the traditional southern doctrine of the spirituality of the church. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). jettisonv. Brit. /ˈdʒɛtᵻs(ə)n/, /ˈdʒɛtᵻz(ə)n/, U.S. /ˈdʒɛdəs(ə)n/, /ˈdʒɛdəz(ə)n/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: jettison n. Etymology: < jettison n. 1. transitive. To throw overboard (cargo, articles of merchandise, etc.), esp. in order to lighten a ship in distress. Also intransitive. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > relinquishing > casting or laying aside > [verb (transitive)] > throw goods overboard jettison1848 society > travel > travel by water > other nautical operations > [verb (transitive)] > jettison jettison1848 1848 J. Arnould Law Marine Insurance II. iii. iv. 890 The goods in such case are as much sacrificed for the general safety as though they were jettisoned. 1868 Law Times 10 Oct. 423/1 The master may jettison, after having determined upon it with the advice of the mate, of his pilot, and of his boatswain. 1880 Times 13 July 10 The vessel experienced such severe weather that she was compelled..to jettison about 1000 cases petroleum. 1940 ‘N. Shute’ Landfall v. 137 On last voyage was forced to jettison 600 tons of rubber at Weymouth, British contraband control port, following navicert trouble. 1982 T. C. Gilmer & B. Johnson Introd. to Naval Archit. x. 191/1 The decision to jettison, of course, should be made by the commanding officer. 1991 Highways & Transportation Aug. (Appointments & Events Suppl.) 54 He had to jettison his cargo to speed to safety. 2. transitive. To abandon or discard (someone or something that is no longer wanted or sustainable). ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > relinquishing > casting or laying aside > [verb (transitive)] to let awaya1000 forcast?c1225 to lay downc1275 forthrow1340 flita1375 removea1382 to cast away1382 understrewc1384 castc1390 to lay awaya1400 to lay asidec1440 slingc1440 warpiss1444 to lay from, offc1480 way-put1496 depose1526 to lay apart1526 to put off1526 to set apart1530 to turn up1541 abandonate?1561 devest1566 dispatch1569 decarta1572 discard1578 to make away1580 to fling away1587 to cast off1597 doff1599 cashier1603 to set by1603 moult1604 excuss1607 retorta1616 divest1639 deposit1646 disentail1667 dismiss1675 slough1845 shed1856 jettison1869 shake1872 offload1900 junk1911 dump1919 sluff1934 bin1940 to put down1944 shitcan1973 1869 Littell's Living Age 12 June 642/2 I've jettisoned those youthful dreams And they are washed upon the shore. 1874 A. Robertson Nuggets 177 When my patience was nearly all jettisoned I heard the sharp ting of a bell. 1895 Westm. Gaz. 27 Mar. 3/1 Count Tolstoy..jettisons a chapter here, a verse there, an Epistle there. 1937 V. McNabb God's Way of Mercy xx. 178 When we have confessed our sins in the Sacrament of Mercy, some of the overlading of our soul has been jettisoned. 1945 N. Coward Diary 21 May (2000) 31 It is idiotic to try and jettison Churchill at this moment. 1982 S. K. Penman Sunne in Splendour (1984) ii. xii. 459 He jettisoned the thought, half formed. 2007 Wall St. Jrnl. 2 Oct. b17/3 Time Warner..pressured the network..to jettison the teen-dream stuff for shows that might interest somebody north of 30. 3. a. transitive. To release or drop (something) from an aircraft or spacecraft in flight, esp. in order to lighten the load; spec. to drop (a bomb) intentionally from an aircraft somewhere other than over an assigned target. ΘΚΠ society > travel > air or space travel > action of flying (in) aircraft > specific flying operations or procedures > [verb (transitive)] > drop from aircraft in flight jettison1934 1934 [implied in: Shell Aviation News No. 34. 18/1 As a result, the machine can be used for a variety of purposes... It is fitted with a ‘jettisonable’ fuel tank riveted with duralumin. (at jettisonable adj.)]. 1942 D. M. Crook Spitfire Pilot 66 Enemy bombers showed a much greater tendency to jettison their bombs. 1942 R.A.F. Jrnl. 18 Apr. 14 ‘C for Charlie's’ pilot jettisoned his guns rather too near the wife of a senior officer who happened to be below. 1942 R.A.F. Jrnl. 18 Apr. 34 The crew went to their ditching stations... No fuel was jettisoned. 1946 J. W. R. Taylor & M. F. Allward Spitfire 101/1 The hood..could be jettisoned. 1955 Times 10 Aug. 8/7 The world's fastest aircraft..was jettisoned by its mother aircraft after an explosion at 30,000 ft. 1974 Flight Internat. 29 Aug. (Suppl.) 11/1 Surface-to-air missiles often use a booster to produce a high initial acceleration and push the missile clear of its launcher, the booster then being jettisoned. 2003 UFO Mag. Sept. 52/3 Astronauts jettison the booster rockets about 28 miles into their ascent. b. intransitive. Of a fuel tank or booster rocket: to drop off or fall away from a rocket or spacecraft in flight. ΘΚΠ society > travel > air or space travel > space flight > [verb (intransitive)] > drop away from spacecraft jettison1948 1948 Pop. Mech. Sept. 108/2 The rocket conceived..uses fuel drawn from four tanks that jettison successively from the nose. 1962 J. Glenn in J. Glenn et al. Into Orbit 138 The escape tower, which we would not need once we got above the atmosphere, would jettison when the boosters dropped off and lighten the load even more. 2007 S. Otfinoski Rockets vi. 68 The boosters would jettison from the orbiter a little more than two minutes into the flight. Derivatives ˈjettisoned adj. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > relinquishing > casting or laying aside > [adjective] > thrown overboard jettisoned1861 society > travel > travel by water > other nautical operations > [adjective] > jettisoned jettisoned1861 1861 Rep. Cases Superior Court N.Y. 4 217 Laws were written upon the subject of general average contribution for jettisoned cargo before the Roman Code. 1969 Changing Times Oct. 34/1 There was concern that if planes were stacked up in a holding pattern over a city, the jettisoned fuel might damage another plane. 2006 D. Powers Treasure Ship (2007) iv. 89 Wright refunded a total of $12000, although no mention is made of the jettisoned goods and shot horses. ˈjettisoning n. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > relinquishing > casting or laying aside > [noun] > throwing goods overboard jettison1426 jetsam1641 jettisoning1863 society > travel > air or space travel > specific movements or positions of aircraft > [noun] > dropping something from aircraft in flight jettisoning1863 1863 Rep. Supreme Court Missouri 33 273 The question whether the vessel or cargo was in danger, or whether the jettisoning was successful. 1957 J. S. Huxley Relig. without Revelation ix. 209 This wholesale jettisoning. 2007 Man. Chem. Pollution (Internat. Maritime Org.) ii. iii. 12 The position of the jettisoning should be noted and the appropriate authorities..informed. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1426v.1848
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