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单词 asparagus
释义

asparagusn.

Brit. /əˈsparəɡəs/, U.S. /əˈspɛrəɡəs/
Forms: α. Old English, 1500s (medieval Latin) sparagi. β. 1500s–1700s sperage, 1600s sperach, sparage, asparage. γ. 1500s– asparagus. δ. 1600s sparagus, 1600s–1700s sparagras, 1600s–1800s sparrowgrass.
Etymology: Latin, < Greek ἀσπάραγος , properly ἀσϕάραγος , of doubtful origin. In medieval Latin often sparagus , sparagi (Old Italian sparagi , sparaci ), found in English c1000. Thence also modern Italian sparagio , German spargen , Middle French esperage , and English sperage , the common name in 16th and early 17th cent., occasionally, from etymological notions, made sperach (after smallache , smallage , etc.: see ache n.2), or sparage. About 1600 the influence of herbalists and horticultural writers made asparagus familiar, and this in the aphetic form 'sparagus at length displaced sperage, but was itself by popular etymology corrupted before 1650 to sparagrass, sparrow-grass, which remained the polite name during the 18th cent. Botanists still wrote asparagus, but according to Walker Pron. Dict. 1791, ‘Sparrow-grass is so general that asparagus has an air of stiffness and pedantry.’ During the 19th century asparagus returned into literary and polite use, leaving sparrow-grass to the illiterate; though ‘grass’ still occurred in cookery books.
A plant ( Asparagus officinalis, family Liliaceæ) cultivated for the sake of its vernal shoots, which form a well-known delicacy of the table. Botany. The genus which contains this among many other species.
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the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > stalk vegetables > [noun] > asparagus
asparagusc1000
speragec1440
sparagus1543
sparage1565
sperage1647
sparrowgrass1652
esparagrass1711
grass1723
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > stalk vegetables > asparagus
asparagusc1000
spergec1400
speragec1440
sparagus1543
sparage1565
garden sperage1577
sperage1647
sparrowgrass1652
α.
c1000 Sax. Leechd. I. 188 Genim þysse wyrte wyrt-truman þe man sparagi agrestis..nemneð.
1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions i. iii. 37 Ther be sene also Sparagi, of no lesse notable bigguenesse.
β. 1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. B.iijv Asparagus..of the Poticaries sparagus, in Englishe Sperage, in Duche Spargen, in French Esperage.1572 J. Bossewell Wks. Armorie iii. f. 19 Some reporte..that of Rammes hornes buried, or hidde in the grounde, is broughte forthe an Herbe, called Asparagus, in Englishe, Sperage.1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Des asperges, Sparage.1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 27 There is a middle sort of these Sperages, not so ciuill and gentle as the Asparagi of the garden.1606 P. Holland tr. Suetonius Hist. Twelve Caesars 77 Quicker..than Sparages can be sodden.1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 300 Next Nesis stands with Sperage stored.a1665 K. Digby Closet Opened (1669) 273 Sparages..Chop some of the Asparages among it. Cut..cheese..into a dish of..Butter, that hath served for Sparages.1711 J. Greenwood Ess. Pract. Eng. Gram. 190 Sperage which the Vulgar wrest to Sparograss or Sparrowgrass from Asparagus or Sparagus.γ. 1548Asparagus [see β. ]. 1551 W. Turner Herball (1568) 51 Sperage is called in Latin Asparagus.1597 J. Gerard Herball iii. 955 Sperage is called..likewise Asparagus after the Latine name.a1640 P. Massinger City-Madam (1658) iii. i. 15 The Gardens Where we traffick for Asparagus.1640 R. Brome Sparagus Garden ii. ii. 136 Have you this Spring eaten any Asparagus yet?1732 J. Arbuthnot Pract. Rules of Diet i. 270 Aromatick and balsamick, Saffron, Asparagus, Nutmeg.1855 W. White Walk to Land's End xi. 232 Around you grow the wild asparagus..and samphire.δ. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Asperges pierreus, Stone Sparage, wild Sparagus.1618 B. Holyday tr. Juvenal Sat. 221 To gather sperage, or, as it is brokenly called from the Latin's, sparagus.1640 R. Brome Sparagus Garden ii. ii. 137 I will have Sparagus every meale all the yeare long.1652 W. Blith Eng. Improver Improved xxxvii. 235 [The Hop plant] comes up with severall sprouts like Sparrowgrass.1667 S. Pepys Diary 20 Apr. (1974) VIII. 173 Brought home with me from Fenchurch-street a hundred of sparrowgrass.1668 S. Pepys Diary 22 Apr. (1976) IX. 172 Over to the Spargus garden.1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Asparagus, a Plant call'd Sparrow-grass by the Common People.1710 R. Steele Tatler No. 150. ⁋6 A Dish of Chickens and Sparagrass.1721 W. Gibson Farriers Dispensatory iii. iii. 131 Sparrow-grass.1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Sparagrass Sparagrass may be soon had.a1745 J. Swift Women who cry Apples in Wks. (1746) VIII. 190 Ripe 'Sparagrass, Fit for Lad or Lass.1785 W. Cowper Let. 20 Mar. (1981) II. 337 In May we shall have 'Sparagus.1801 R. Southey in C. C. Southey Life & Corr. R. Southey (1850) II. 154 Sparagrass (it ought to be spelt so) and artichokes, good with plain butter.a1845 T. Hood Town & Country iv Grass..That makes no hay—called sparrow-grass By folks of vulgar tongue!

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
a.
asparagus-bed n. slang also transferred (sometimes elliptical), an anti-tank obstacle.
ΚΠ
1733 W. Ellis Chiltern & Vale Farming xxxv. 257 I remember..the Case of an Asparagus Bed.
1762 K. Fitzgerald in Philos. Trans. 1761 (Royal Soc.) 52 73 Apple-trees, planted in asparagus beds.
1939 War Illustr. 16 Dec. 426 Anti-tank ‘asparagus’, which consists of railway lines set in concrete at an angle of 45 degrees pointing towards the enemy lines and in some cases with high-explosive caps.
1943 J. L. Hunt & A. G. Pringle Service Slang 12 Asparagus bed, a form of anti-tank obstacle, designed to slow up the A[rmoured] F[ighting] V[ehicle] while it comes under fire.
b.
asparagus bud n.
ΚΠ
1618 B. Holyday tr. Juvenal Sat. 77 Thy patrone's fish, Deck'd round with sperage~buds.
asparagus-garden n.
ΚΠ
1642 Declar. Lords & Com. 19 May 45 Hee should be with them that night at the Sparragus Garden at Supper.
asparagus-tip n.
ΚΠ
1932 H. Simpson Boomerang x. 264 I remember particularly asparagus-tips rolled up in brown-bread.
1965 J. Wainwright Death in Sleeping City i. 44 The appetising meal of braised cutlets, chipped potatoes and asparagus tips.
asparagus-tongs n.
ΚΠ
1851 Art Jrnl. Illustr. Catal. 142/1 The Asparagus tongs..an elegant appendage to the dinner-table.
C2.
asparagus-bean n. U.S. a tropical American bean ( Dolichos sesquipedalis).
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the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > pulses or plants producing pulses > [noun] > bean > other types of bean-plant
horse-bean1684
Angola pea1756
pole bean1770
Congo pea1812
Canavalia1828
no-eye pea1837
overlook1837
bean-vine1838
asparagus-bean1856
sword-bean1875
jack bean1885
horse-gram1886
winged bean1910
tepary1912
adzuki1914
siratro1962
1856 F. S. Cozzens Sparrowgrass Papers vii. 85 The asparagus bean, a sort of long-winded esculent, inclined to be prolific in strings.
asparagus-beetle n. a small beetle ( Crioceris asparagi) that feeds upon the foliage of the asparagus.
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the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Phytophaga or Chrysomeloidea > family Chrysomelidae > member of genus Crioceris
asparagus-beetle1815
lily-beetle1854
1815 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. (1843) I. 158 The asparagus beetle and its larvæ feed upon the foliage after the heads branch out.
asparagus pea n. the Goa bean.
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the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > pulses or plants producing pulses > [noun] > bean > other types of bean
white bean1542
penny bean?1550
black bean1569
garence1610
mung1611
calavance1620
red bean1658
lablab1670
Cajan1693
dal1698
bonavist1700
tick-bean1744
tick1765
toker1786
mash1801
Lima beana1818
stick bean1823
Canavalia1828
moth1840
cow-pea1846
Lima1856
asparagus pea1859
towcok1866
Java bean1868
wall1884
Rangoon bean1903
Madagascar bean1909
the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > pulse > [noun] > bean > other beans
bean1548
black bean1569
calavance1620
red bean1658
seven-year bean1666
lablab1670
Cajan1693
dal1698
adzuki1727
tick-bean1744
tick1765
toker1786
mash1801
Congo pea1812
stick bean1823
moog1840
moth1840
Lima1856
feijão1857
asparagus pea1859
mung1866
wall1884
Rangoon bean1903
1859 A. Van Buren Jottings Sojourn in South 155 The Asparagus Pea, with a small round pod that grows from a foot to three in length, makes a choice dish at table.
1958 Times 1 Feb. 9/6 An oddity among the peas is the so-called ‘asparagus pea’, which makes a spreading plant and produces flanged, rectangular pods.
asparagus stone n. Mineralogy a yellowish-green variety of apatite.
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the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > phosphates > [noun] > phosphate of lime or apatite > varieties
spargelstone1804
asparagus stone1816
francolite1843
fluorapatite1849
staffelite1868
collophanite1892
fermorite1910
steadite1911
hydroxyapatite1912
wilkeite1914
collophane1917
hydroxylapatite1927
1816 P. Cleaveland Elem. Treat. Mineral. & Geol. 132 Asparagus stone..in consequence of its so frequently exhibiting an asparagus green color.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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