itemadv.n.

Brit.

/ˈʌɪtᵻm/, U.S.

/ˈaɪdəm/

Etymology: < Latin item adverb, just so, in like manner, moreover, < is, id he, it + adverbial ending -tem. Used also in French as adverb (1290 in Godefroy Compl.) and as noun from the 16th cent.

A. adv.

Likewise, also. Used to introduce a new fact or statement, or, more frequently, each new article or particular in an enumeration, esp. in a formal list or document, as an inventory, household-book, will, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > [adverb]

ylikeeOE

alsoOE

with likec1175

swilk12..

in (also on and without preposition) like mannerc1330

in semblable case(s, in case(s semblable1390

item1398

in likec1400

semblably1420

in like wise1422

likelya1425

likewisec1443

alikewisec1450

ylikedealc1450

in like casea1459

ylikewise1460

otherwaysc1485

semblable1490

sic-like1513

like1529

seemably1535

likeways1551

agreeably1561

fellowlikea1569

alliably1593

likewisely1605

in specie1632

similarly1657

resemblingly1661

kindredly1765

evenwise1866

1398 in Rymer Fœdera (1709) VIII. 55 Item, it is Accordit and Ordaint that [etc.].

1398 in Rymer Fœdera (1709) VIII. 55 Item, for als mykil as [etc.].

c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (1839) xxviii. 288 Item, in this Yle..there is a manner of Wode, hard and strong.

1418 in F. J. Furnivall Fifty Earliest Eng. Wills (1882) 31 Item I be-quethe to the freres Menours of Bryggenorth..xl s. Item I bequethe..to the ffreres of Wodehouse xl s.

1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope i Item my sone suppose it not a lytyll thynge to haue a good Frend.

1556 in J. G. Nichols Chron. Grey Friars (1852) 56 Item this yere was alle the chaunterys put downe. Item also the wacche at myd~somer was begonne agayne... Item also the byshoppe of Wenchester..preched before the kyng.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) i. v. 236 It shalbe Inuentoried..As, Item two lippes indifferent redde, Item two grey eyes, with lids to them.

1733 H. Fielding Miser (London ed.) ii. i. 17 Item, Two Muskets, one of which only wants the Lock.

1781 W. Cowper Truth 152 Not a grace appears on strictest search, But that she fasts, and, item, goes to church.

1806 in W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Property VI. 315 He..added this clause—‘Item, All the houses and lands which I have given between my sons is to this purpose, that [etc.]’.

B. n.

1. A statement, maxim, or admonition such as was commonly introduced by the word item; a saying with a particular bearing. Hence, generally, an intimation, a hint. Esp. in verbal phrases, as to give (take, etc.) an item, also to give (take, etc.) item. Now U.S. local.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > information > hint or covert suggestion > [noun]

feelc1485

inkling1529

intimation1531

insinuation1532

by-warning1542

byword1542

item1561

cue1565

air1567

vent1613

insusurration1614

hinta1616

injection1622

indication1626

infusion1641

side glance1693

ground bass1699

touch1706

side view1747

sidewipe1757

allusion1766

penumbra1770

breath1795

slyness1823

by-hint1853

light1854

shove1857

suggestion1863

sous-entendu1865

point1870

sidewiper1870

sniff1936

1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. (1634) iv. xii. 616 (margin) Two Items to the Church of Rome concerning the single life which they require in the order of Priests.

1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxv. xvi. 559 The Soothsayers aforesaid, had given an Item, and foretold, that this prodigious sight perteined properly unto the chiefe captaine.

1608 S. Hieron 6 Serm. i. 14 That nothing be lost, it was one of our Sauiours Items.

1684 J. Bunyan Pilgrim's Progress 2nd Pt. ii. 150 He..has Need of an Itum, to caution him to take heed, every Moment of the Day.

1704 T. Hearne Ductor Historicus II. i. 14 Getting item thereof, he departed to the Sea.

1786 E. Inchbald Such Things Are 51 in Br. Theat. If my friend had not given me an item of this I should think her downright angry.

a1860 Spirit of Times (N.Y.) The minit yer get item that I'm back, set off for the cross-roads.

a. An article or unit of any kind included in an enumeration, computation, or sum total; an entry or thing entered in an account or register, a clause of a document, a detail of expenditure or income, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > one > [noun] > one thing

singularityc1374

simple1483

one1543

othing1555

unary1576

item1578

unity1587

single1646

individual1659

1578 T. White Serm. Pawles Crosse 3 Nov. 1577 50 The lawe layeth no Item to youre charge.

1588 ‘M. Marprelate’ Oh read ouer D. Iohn Bridges: Epist. 42 His grace had need to prouide a bag ful of Items for you, if you be so liberal.

1600 W. Cornwallis Ess. I. ix. sig. F7^v That makes not the purse empty, and the houshold-booke rich in Items.

1606 T. Dekker Newes from Hell sig. D2^v Our Vant'currer..offred to pay some of the Tauerne Items.

1765 W. Cowper Let. 3 Dec. (1979) I. 126 That I may return as particular an Answer to your Letter as possible, I will take it Item by Item.

1870 J. Yeats Nat. Hist. Commerce 87 Timber is an important item in the national revenue.

1876 ‘G. Eliot’ Daniel Deronda I. i. iii. 53 I have to spend a good deal in that way; it is a large item.

1961 Lancet 12 Aug. 358/2 Questions [set]..included items that the undergraduate who had read something more..than an introductory text could be expected to answer.

1970 Jrnl. Gen. Psychol. 82 63 A person may agree with an item and its opposite because he believes statements worded in the dogmatic (authoritarian) direction but agrees with a reversed item because of the high social desirability of this item.

b. A detail of information or news, esp. one in a newspaper.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > journalism > journal > matter of or for journals > [noun] > item

item1819

1819 B. E. O'Meara Expos. Trans. St. Helena 11 The general accuracy of these items may be inferred.

1865 J. R. Lowell Scotch Snake in Prose Wks. (1890) V. 241 We cannot estimate the value of the items in our daily newspapers.

1876 J. R. Lowell Among my Bks. 2nd Ser. 130 This item kind of description.

1888 J. Inglis Tent Life Tigerland 2 Filling my sporting journal with many items of more than ordinary interest.

c. Computing. Any quantity of data treated as a unit, such as a field, a group of fields, or a record.

ΘΚΠ

society > computing and information technology > data > database > [noun] > unit of data

data point1910

data field1929

descriptor1954

item1954

record1957

data packet1959

field1959

struct1971

datagram1976

1954 Computers & Automation May 17/2 Item, a set of one or more fields containing related information.

1958 Computer Jrnl. 1 71/1 Let us call the units which are to be sorted items.

1958 Computer Jrnl. 1 71/2 If every item of data has a unique key, complete sorting will result in each place holding no more than one item.

1958 Computer Jrnl. 1 72/2 A typical item in commercial data is an 80-column punched card.

1964 A. Lytel Fund. Data Processing (1965) iv. 108 Information is stored in variable-length memory areas called fields... Consecutive fields can be combined to form a larger unit of information called an item. Grouping fields to form an item simplifies the manipulation of related~data fields, and minimizes the number of instruction executions required to move consecutive fields within the main memory.

1967 B. S. Walker Introd. Computer Engin. vi. 157 The field or item is typically a group of letters or numbers, in association, to mean a name, or reference number, or a heading of some kind.

1971 Computers & Humanities 6 67 Each item file is composed of an open-ended sequence of variable length records called ‘items’, every item being the description of one entity.

d. A member of a set of linguistic units.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > [noun] > linguistic unit

isolate1949

item1954

1954 Word 10 230 ‘Items’..are either morphemes or sequences of morphemes, but still one has to contend with the independent status of order, constructions, and hierarchical structure. Even so, there is a clear difference between taking some phonemic material as ‘root’ (= item) and some as ‘marker’ of processes.

1964 R. A. Hall Introd. Ling. vi. 34 The first group [of linguistic analysts] wish to limit their description strictly to an enumeration of items and the arrangements or sequences in which they are found... The other group..take into account the passage of time when the observer moves from one part of his material to another... This approach is based on a listing of items involved and of ‘processes’ which the items ‘undergo’.

1964 R. A. Hall Introd. Ling. vi. 35 In some respects, the item-and-process (IP) approach is closer to our traditional type of grammatical description than is the item-and-arrangement (IA) approach.

1964 M. A. K. Halliday et al. Ling. Sci. ii. 24 In English..‘chair’ is a lexical item: it operates as an item in open set choices. ‘the’, ‘chair’, the ‘-s’ in ‘chairs’, ‘in case’..are grammatical items.

1970 Canad. Jrnl. Linguistics 15 95 This system grew out of a union of the item-and-process approach to linguistics with automata theory.

1971 T. F. Mitchell in Archivum Linguisticum 2 64 In the English-speaking world of linguists little more than ten short years ago, the talk was of grammatical models labelled ‘Item and Arrangement’, ‘Item and Process’, and ‘Word and Paradigm’.

Compounds

attributive and in other combinations.

ΚΠ

1859 E. H. N. Patterson in L. Hafen Overland Routes to Gold Fields (1942) 68 This..is one of those cases, probably, that will remain a mystery only to be solved when the great item book of the recording angel shall be opened to justify the final sentence.

1961 Lancet 12 Aug. 359/2 Item analysis showed that there were fairly large differences between the groups on a few questions, and these were seen to be due to specific differences in teaching.

1970 Jrnl. Gen. Psychol. 82 166 Item-item and item-test correlations were computed.

1972 Jrnl. Social Psychol. 86 221 An item analysis technique was used to select those items that discriminated between the high and low scores by 20 percentage points.

Draft additions May 2001

colloquial (originally U.S.). A pair of lovers, a couple; to be an item: (of a couple) to be involved in an established romantic or sexual relationship, esp. a socially acknowledged one.

ΚΠ

1970 ‘T. Coe’ Jade in Aries xv. 109 ‘What was Maundy's relationship with Dearborn?’ Remington said, ‘They were an item once, long ago... Before Ronnie.’

1984 T. McGuane Something to be Desired v. 48 She and the doctor were soon a hot item.

1996 Just Seventeen 14 Aug. 6/2 My mate had a fling with one of his and they hung out together, even though they weren't officially an item.

2000 Heat 13 Jan. 20/2 We want to remain friends but we are no longer an item.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	item
释义	itemv. Brit. /ˈʌɪtᵻm/, U.S. /ˈaɪdəm/ Etymology: < item n. transitive. To set down or reckon up item by item; to enter as an item. ΘΚΠ society > communication > record > list > [verb (transitive)] telleOE reckonc1175 titlea1325 reckonc1400 entitlec1430 recitea1475 recount1481 perusea1535 capitulate1566 recense1583 catalogue1598 item1601 renumerate1605 list1614 enumeratea1649 recenseate1657 cataloguize1820 to run down ——1833 reel1835 to call off1846 itemize1864 enumer1936 the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > the quality of being specific > make specific [verb (transitive)] > deal with or relate in detail > itemize item1601 itemize1864 1601 J. Marston et al. Iacke Drums Entertainm. iv. sig. G2 Here I haue Item'd forth what I am worth. 1615 E. Hoby Curry-combe i. 14 Had he Itemd the lampe oyle, as well as hee summed the Spanish wine, his intruding curiosity would haue passed with lesse blame. 1716 J. Addison Drummer iii. 32 I have Item'd it in my Memory. 1788 W. Cowper Stanzas for Year I..item down the victims of the past. 1855 G. H. Lewes Life & Wks. Goethe I. iii. ix. 303 A process which looked less heroic when item'd in the bill next day. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022). itemadv.n. Brit. /ˈʌɪtᵻm/, U.S. /ˈaɪdəm/ Etymology: < Latin item adverb, just so, in like manner, moreover, < is, id he, it + adverbial ending -tem. Used also in French as adverb (1290 in Godefroy Compl.) and as noun from the 16th cent. A. adv. Likewise, also. Used to introduce a new fact or statement, or, more frequently, each new article or particular in an enumeration, esp. in a formal list or document, as an inventory, household-book, will, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > [adverb] ylikeeOE alsoOE with likec1175 swilk12.. in (also on and without preposition) like mannerc1330 in semblable case(s, in case(s semblable1390 item1398 in likec1400 semblably1420 in like wise1422 likelya1425 likewisec1443 alikewisec1450 ylikedealc1450 in like casea1459 ylikewise1460 otherwaysc1485 semblable1490 sic-like1513 like1529 seemably1535 likeways1551 agreeably1561 fellowlikea1569 alliably1593 likewisely1605 in specie1632 similarly1657 resemblingly1661 kindredly1765 evenwise1866 1398 in Rymer Fœdera (1709) VIII. 55 Item, it is Accordit and Ordaint that [etc.]. 1398 in Rymer Fœdera (1709) VIII. 55 Item, for als mykil as [etc.]. c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (1839) xxviii. 288 Item, in this Yle..there is a manner of Wode, hard and strong. 1418 in F. J. Furnivall Fifty Earliest Eng. Wills (1882) 31 Item I be-quethe to the freres Menours of Bryggenorth..xl s. Item I bequethe..to the ffreres of Wodehouse xl s. 1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope i Item my sone suppose it not a lytyll thynge to haue a good Frend. 1556 in J. G. Nichols Chron. Grey Friars (1852) 56 Item this yere was alle the chaunterys put downe. Item also the wacche at myd~somer was begonne agayne... Item also the byshoppe of Wenchester..preched before the kyng. a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) i. v. 236 It shalbe Inuentoried..As, Item two lippes indifferent redde, Item two grey eyes, with lids to them. View more context for this quotation 1733 H. Fielding Miser (London ed.) ii. i. 17 Item, Two Muskets, one of which only wants the Lock. 1781 W. Cowper Truth 152 Not a grace appears on strictest search, But that she fasts, and, item, goes to church. 1806 in W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Property VI. 315 He..added this clause—‘Item, All the houses and lands which I have given between my sons is to this purpose, that [etc.]’. B. n. 1. A statement, maxim, or admonition such as was commonly introduced by the word item; a saying with a particular bearing. Hence, generally, an intimation, a hint. Esp. in verbal phrases, as to give (take, etc.) an item, also to give (take, etc.) item. Now U.S. local. ΘΚΠ society > communication > information > hint or covert suggestion > [noun] feelc1485 inkling1529 intimation1531 insinuation1532 by-warning1542 byword1542 item1561 cue1565 air1567 vent1613 insusurration1614 hinta1616 injection1622 indication1626 infusion1641 side glance1693 ground bass1699 touch1706 side view1747 sidewipe1757 allusion1766 penumbra1770 breath1795 slyness1823 by-hint1853 light1854 shove1857 suggestion1863 sous-entendu1865 point1870 sidewiper1870 sniff1936 1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. (1634) iv. xii. 616 (margin) Two Items to the Church of Rome concerning the single life which they require in the order of Priests. 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxv. xvi. 559 The Soothsayers aforesaid, had given an Item, and foretold, that this prodigious sight perteined properly unto the chiefe captaine. 1608 S. Hieron 6 Serm. i. 14 That nothing be lost, it was one of our Sauiours Items. 1684 J. Bunyan Pilgrim's Progress 2nd Pt. ii. 150 He..has Need of an Itum, to caution him to take heed, every Moment of the Day. View more context for this quotation 1704 T. Hearne Ductor Historicus II. i. 14 Getting item thereof, he departed to the Sea. 1786 E. Inchbald Such Things Are 51 in Br. Theat. If my friend had not given me an item of this I should think her downright angry. a1860 Spirit of Times (N.Y.) The minit yer get item that I'm back, set off for the cross-roads. 2. a. An article or unit of any kind included in an enumeration, computation, or sum total; an entry or thing entered in an account or register, a clause of a document, a detail of expenditure or income, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > one > [noun] > one thing singularityc1374 simple1483 one1543 othing1555 unary1576 item1578 unity1587 single1646 individual1659 1578 T. White Serm. Pawles Crosse 3 Nov. 1577 50 The lawe layeth no Item to youre charge. 1588 ‘M. Marprelate’ Oh read ouer D. Iohn Bridges: Epist. 42 His grace had need to prouide a bag ful of Items for you, if you be so liberal. 1600 W. Cornwallis Ess. I. ix. sig. F7^v That makes not the purse empty, and the houshold-booke rich in Items. 1606 T. Dekker Newes from Hell sig. D2^v Our Vant'currer..offred to pay some of the Tauerne Items. 1765 W. Cowper Let. 3 Dec. (1979) I. 126 That I may return as particular an Answer to your Letter as possible, I will take it Item by Item. 1870 J. Yeats Nat. Hist. Commerce 87 Timber is an important item in the national revenue. 1876 ‘G. Eliot’ Daniel Deronda I. i. iii. 53 I have to spend a good deal in that way; it is a large item. 1961 Lancet 12 Aug. 358/2 Questions [set]..included items that the undergraduate who had read something more..than an introductory text could be expected to answer. 1970 Jrnl. Gen. Psychol. 82 63 A person may agree with an item and its opposite because he believes statements worded in the dogmatic (authoritarian) direction but agrees with a reversed item because of the high social desirability of this item. b. A detail of information or news, esp. one in a newspaper. ΘΚΠ society > communication > journalism > journal > matter of or for journals > [noun] > item item1819 1819 B. E. O'Meara Expos. Trans. St. Helena 11 The general accuracy of these items may be inferred. 1865 J. R. Lowell Scotch Snake in Prose Wks. (1890) V. 241 We cannot estimate the value of the items in our daily newspapers. 1876 J. R. Lowell Among my Bks. 2nd Ser. 130 This item kind of description. 1888 J. Inglis Tent Life Tigerland 2 Filling my sporting journal with many items of more than ordinary interest. c. Computing. Any quantity of data treated as a unit, such as a field, a group of fields, or a record. ΘΚΠ society > computing and information technology > data > database > [noun] > unit of data data point1910 data field1929 descriptor1954 item1954 record1957 data packet1959 field1959 struct1971 datagram1976 1954 Computers & Automation May 17/2 Item, a set of one or more fields containing related information. 1958 Computer Jrnl. 1 71/1 Let us call the units which are to be sorted items. 1958 Computer Jrnl. 1 71/2 If every item of data has a unique key, complete sorting will result in each place holding no more than one item. 1958 Computer Jrnl. 1 72/2 A typical item in commercial data is an 80-column punched card. 1964 A. Lytel Fund. Data Processing (1965) iv. 108 Information is stored in variable-length memory areas called fields... Consecutive fields can be combined to form a larger unit of information called an item. Grouping fields to form an item simplifies the manipulation of related~data fields, and minimizes the number of instruction executions required to move consecutive fields within the main memory. 1967 B. S. Walker Introd. Computer Engin. vi. 157 The field or item is typically a group of letters or numbers, in association, to mean a name, or reference number, or a heading of some kind. 1971 Computers & Humanities 6 67 Each item file is composed of an open-ended sequence of variable length records called ‘items’, every item being the description of one entity. d. A member of a set of linguistic units. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > [noun] > linguistic unit isolate1949 item1954 1954 Word 10 230 ‘Items’..are either morphemes or sequences of morphemes, but still one has to contend with the independent status of order, constructions, and hierarchical structure. Even so, there is a clear difference between taking some phonemic material as ‘root’ (= item) and some as ‘marker’ of processes. 1964 R. A. Hall Introd. Ling. vi. 34 The first group [of linguistic analysts] wish to limit their description strictly to an enumeration of items and the arrangements or sequences in which they are found... The other group..take into account the passage of time when the observer moves from one part of his material to another... This approach is based on a listing of items involved and of ‘processes’ which the items ‘undergo’. 1964 R. A. Hall Introd. Ling. vi. 35 In some respects, the item-and-process (IP) approach is closer to our traditional type of grammatical description than is the item-and-arrangement (IA) approach. 1964 M. A. K. Halliday et al. Ling. Sci. ii. 24 In English..‘chair’ is a lexical item: it operates as an item in open set choices. ‘the’, ‘chair’, the ‘-s’ in ‘chairs’, ‘in case’..are grammatical items. 1970 Canad. Jrnl. Linguistics 15 95 This system grew out of a union of the item-and-process approach to linguistics with automata theory. 1971 T. F. Mitchell in Archivum Linguisticum 2 64 In the English-speaking world of linguists little more than ten short years ago, the talk was of grammatical models labelled ‘Item and Arrangement’, ‘Item and Process’, and ‘Word and Paradigm’. Compounds attributive and in other combinations. ΚΠ 1859 E. H. N. Patterson in L. Hafen Overland Routes to Gold Fields (1942) 68 This..is one of those cases, probably, that will remain a mystery only to be solved when the great item book of the recording angel shall be opened to justify the final sentence. 1961 Lancet 12 Aug. 359/2 Item analysis showed that there were fairly large differences between the groups on a few questions, and these were seen to be due to specific differences in teaching. 1970 Jrnl. Gen. Psychol. 82 166 Item-item and item-test correlations were computed. 1972 Jrnl. Social Psychol. 86 221 An item analysis technique was used to select those items that discriminated between the high and low scores by 20 percentage points. Draft additions May 2001 colloquial (originally U.S.). A pair of lovers, a couple; to be an item: (of a couple) to be involved in an established romantic or sexual relationship, esp. a socially acknowledged one. ΚΠ 1970 ‘T. Coe’ Jade in Aries xv. 109 ‘What was Maundy's relationship with Dearborn?’ Remington said, ‘They were an item once, long ago... Before Ronnie.’ 1984 T. McGuane Something to be Desired v. 48 She and the doctor were soon a hot item. 1996 Just Seventeen 14 Aug. 6/2 My mate had a fling with one of his and they hung out together, even though they weren't officially an item. 2000 Heat 13 Jan. 20/2 We want to remain friends but we are no longer an item. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < v.1601adv.n.1398
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itemv.

itemadv.n.

Compounds

Draft additions May 2001