intransitiveadj.n.

Brit.

/ɪnˈtrɑːnsᵻtɪv/,

/ɪnˈtransᵻtɪv/,

/ɪnˈtrɑːnzᵻtɪv/,

/ɪnˈtranzᵻtɪv/, U.S.

/ᵻnˈtrænzədɪv/

Etymology: < Latin intransitīvus not passing over (Priscian), < in- (in- prefix⁴) + transīre to pass over. Compare French intransitif.

a. Grammar. Of verbs and their construction: Expressing action which does not pass over to an object; not taking a direct object. (See transitive adj. and n., neuter adj. and n.)

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > a part of speech > verb > [adjective] > intransitive

neuterc1450

intransitive1612

1612 J. Brinsley Ludus Lit. ix. 129 This Verbe Sum es, is a Verbe Substantiue intransitiue, not a transitiue; and therefore will haue such case after it as it hath before it.

a1638 J. Mede Apostasy Latter Times ii. i, in Wks. (1672) iii. 675 The syntax of the words in the Greek is uncapable of such an intransitive construction.

1711 J. Greenwood Ess. Pract. Eng. Gram. 154 Those verbs whose action does not pass on any other Thing, are called Intransitive.

1861 C. P. Mason Eng. Gram. §177 Many verbs which denote actions are used sometimes as transitive, sometimes as intransitive verbs.

b. as n. An intransitive verb.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > a part of speech > verb > [noun] > transitive or intransitive verb

transitivec1525

intransitive1795

1795 L. Murray Eng. Gram. 38 The verb neuter is called intransitive, because the effect is confined within the agent, and doth not pass over to any object; as, ‘I sit, he lives, they sleep..’.

2. That does not pass on to another person, or beyond certain limits (specified or implied). rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > retaining > [adjective] > able to be retained > not able to be transferred

intransitivea1641

underivable1643

inalienable1647

untransferable1649

intransmissible1656

indeprivable1744

intransfusible1804

untransferrable1826

intransferable1853

intransferrible1873

a1641 R. Montagu Acts & Monuments (1642) 129 So is that Righteousnesse indefatible [? indefectible], and intransitive to any other State.

1667 Bp. J. Taylor 2nd Pt. Dissuasive from Popery ii. vi. 138 And then it is for the image sake, and so far is intransitive, but whatever is paid more to the image is transitive, and passes further.

1780 J. Bentham Introd. Princ. Morals & Legisl. (1789) vii. §13.

1856 R. A. Vaughan Hours with Mystics (1860) I. 29 The mysticism of St. Bernard..the intransitive mysticism of the cloister.

3. Logic. Of a relation: such that if the relation holds between a first and a second item, and also between the second and third, it cannot hold (or more widely, does not hold) between the first and the third.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > predicate or propositional logic > [adjective] > terms expressing types of relation

transitive1856

intransitive1870

irreflexive1890

dyadic1897

symmetrical1903

non-reflexive1905

polyadic1905

symmetric1933

mereological1957

1870 C. S. Peirce in Mem. Amer. Acad. (1873) IX. 369 Repeating relatives may be divided (after De Morgan) into those whose products into themselves are contained under themselves, and those of which this is not true. The former are well named by De Morgan transitive, the latter intransitive.

1881 J. Venn Symbolic Logic xix. 403 Relations..may be divided into those which are ‘transitive’ and those which are ‘intransitive’.

1903 B. Russell Princ. Math. xxvi. 218 Relations which do not possess the second property I shall call not transitive; those which possess the property that xRy, yRz always exclude xRz I shall call intransitive. All these cases may be illustrated from human relationships... Spouse is symmetrical but intransitive;..father is both asymmetrical and intransitive.

1930 L. S. Stebbing Mod. Introd. Logic vii. 113 Symmetry and transitiveness..are independent, so that relations can be symmetrical and either transitive or intransitive; asymmetrical and either transitive or intransitive.

1964 E. Bach Introd. Transformational Gram. vii. 155 Equal, Smaller are transitive; Father is an intransitive relation; Friend is non-transitive if you are my friend and have friends who are not my friends.

4. Mathematics. Of a group: not transitive (see transitive adj. 8a and quot. 1889).

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > numerical arrangement > [adjective] > of sets > in abstract algebra > of groups

reducible1585

transitive1861

primitive1888

simple1888

special1888

cyclic1889

intransitive1889

solvable1892

finite1893

perfect1898

Abelian1900

soluble1902

proper1906

trivial1915

equivalent1948

hypercyclic1968

sporadic1968

1889 Amer. Jrnl. Math. 11 195 If a substitution-group I is intransitive, the letters upon which it operates can be distributed into ‘systems of intransitivity’, x₁, x₂…; y₁, y₂…; z₁, z₂… such that the substitutions of I interchange among each other only the letters x₁, x₂…; the letters y₁, y₂…; the letters z₁, z₂…, and so on, and connect transitively the letters of each system.

1940 D. E. Littlewood Theory Group Characters iii. 42 In an intransitive group the symbols are divided into transitive sets, the symbols of each set being permuted amongst themselves.

1971 M. B. Powell & G. Higman Finite Simple Groups vii. 234 If the union of these is Ω, they form a fixed trio, and if not, the group is intransitive.

Derivatives

inˈtransitively adv. in an intransitive manner.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > retaining > [adverb] > not transferable

intransitivelya1638

inalienably1774

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > a part of speech > verb > [adverb] > intransitively

neutrally1571

intransitivelya1638

neuterly1774

a1638 J. Mede Apostasy Latter Times ii. i, in Wks. (1672) iii. 675 It is usually translated intransitively, with reference to the persons expressed in the former verse.

1656 H. Jeanes Treat. Fulnesse of Christ 32 in Mixture Scholasticall Divinity Saith Eckard, the divine properties are communicated to the humanity, not transitively, but intransitively.

1762 R. Lowth Short Introd. Eng. Gram. (1838) 49 (note) The difference between Verbs absolutely neuter and intransitively active is not always clear.

1884 N.E.D. I. Gen. Explan. p. xix Verbs used transitively and intransitively.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	intransitive
释义	intransitiveadj.n. Brit. /ɪnˈtrɑːnsᵻtɪv/, /ɪnˈtransᵻtɪv/, /ɪnˈtrɑːnzᵻtɪv/, /ɪnˈtranzᵻtɪv/, U.S. /ᵻnˈtrænzədɪv/ Etymology: < Latin intransitīvus not passing over (Priscian), < in- (in- prefix⁴) + transīre to pass over. Compare French intransitif. 1. a. Grammar. Of verbs and their construction: Expressing action which does not pass over to an object; not taking a direct object. (See transitive adj. and n., neuter adj. and n.) ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > a part of speech > verb > [adjective] > intransitive neuterc1450 intransitive1612 1612 J. Brinsley Ludus Lit. ix. 129 This Verbe Sum es, is a Verbe Substantiue intransitiue, not a transitiue; and therefore will haue such case after it as it hath before it. a1638 J. Mede Apostasy Latter Times ii. i, in Wks. (1672) iii. 675 The syntax of the words in the Greek is uncapable of such an intransitive construction. 1711 J. Greenwood Ess. Pract. Eng. Gram. 154 Those verbs whose action does not pass on any other Thing, are called Intransitive. 1861 C. P. Mason Eng. Gram. §177 Many verbs which denote actions are used sometimes as transitive, sometimes as intransitive verbs. b. as n. An intransitive verb. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > a part of speech > verb > [noun] > transitive or intransitive verb transitivec1525 intransitive1795 1795 L. Murray Eng. Gram. 38 The verb neuter is called intransitive, because the effect is confined within the agent, and doth not pass over to any object; as, ‘I sit, he lives, they sleep..’. 2. That does not pass on to another person, or beyond certain limits (specified or implied). rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > retaining > [adjective] > able to be retained > not able to be transferred intransitivea1641 underivable1643 inalienable1647 untransferable1649 intransmissible1656 indeprivable1744 intransfusible1804 untransferrable1826 intransferable1853 intransferrible1873 a1641 R. Montagu Acts & Monuments (1642) 129 So is that Righteousnesse indefatible [? indefectible], and intransitive to any other State. 1667 Bp. J. Taylor 2nd Pt. Dissuasive from Popery ii. vi. 138 And then it is for the image sake, and so far is intransitive, but whatever is paid more to the image is transitive, and passes further. 1780 J. Bentham Introd. Princ. Morals & Legisl. (1789) vii. §13. 1856 R. A. Vaughan Hours with Mystics (1860) I. 29 The mysticism of St. Bernard..the intransitive mysticism of the cloister. 3. Logic. Of a relation: such that if the relation holds between a first and a second item, and also between the second and third, it cannot hold (or more widely, does not hold) between the first and the third. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > predicate or propositional logic > [adjective] > terms expressing types of relation transitive1856 intransitive1870 irreflexive1890 dyadic1897 symmetrical1903 non-reflexive1905 polyadic1905 symmetric1933 mereological1957 1870 C. S. Peirce in Mem. Amer. Acad. (1873) IX. 369 Repeating relatives may be divided (after De Morgan) into those whose products into themselves are contained under themselves, and those of which this is not true. The former are well named by De Morgan transitive, the latter intransitive. 1881 J. Venn Symbolic Logic xix. 403 Relations..may be divided into those which are ‘transitive’ and those which are ‘intransitive’. 1903 B. Russell Princ. Math. xxvi. 218 Relations which do not possess the second property I shall call not transitive; those which possess the property that xRy, yRz always exclude xRz I shall call intransitive. All these cases may be illustrated from human relationships... Spouse is symmetrical but intransitive;..father is both asymmetrical and intransitive. 1930 L. S. Stebbing Mod. Introd. Logic vii. 113 Symmetry and transitiveness..are independent, so that relations can be symmetrical and either transitive or intransitive; asymmetrical and either transitive or intransitive. 1964 E. Bach Introd. Transformational Gram. vii. 155 Equal, Smaller are transitive; Father is an intransitive relation; Friend is non-transitive if you are my friend and have friends who are not my friends. 4. Mathematics. Of a group: not transitive (see transitive adj. 8a and quot. 1889). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > numerical arrangement > [adjective] > of sets > in abstract algebra > of groups reducible1585 transitive1861 primitive1888 simple1888 special1888 cyclic1889 intransitive1889 solvable1892 finite1893 perfect1898 Abelian1900 soluble1902 proper1906 trivial1915 equivalent1948 hypercyclic1968 sporadic1968 1889 Amer. Jrnl. Math. 11 195 If a substitution-group I is intransitive, the letters upon which it operates can be distributed into ‘systems of intransitivity’, x₁, x₂…; y₁, y₂…; z₁, z₂… such that the substitutions of I interchange among each other only the letters x₁, x₂…; the letters y₁, y₂…; the letters z₁, z₂…, and so on, and connect transitively the letters of each system. 1940 D. E. Littlewood Theory Group Characters iii. 42 In an intransitive group the symbols are divided into transitive sets, the symbols of each set being permuted amongst themselves. 1971 M. B. Powell & G. Higman Finite Simple Groups vii. 234 If the union of these is Ω, they form a fixed trio, and if not, the group is intransitive. Derivatives inˈtransitively adv. in an intransitive manner. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > retaining > [adverb] > not transferable intransitivelya1638 inalienably1774 the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > a part of speech > verb > [adverb] > intransitively neutrally1571 intransitivelya1638 neuterly1774 a1638 J. Mede Apostasy Latter Times ii. i, in Wks. (1672) iii. 675 It is usually translated intransitively, with reference to the persons expressed in the former verse. 1656 H. Jeanes Treat. Fulnesse of Christ 32 in Mixture Scholasticall Divinity Saith Eckard, the divine properties are communicated to the humanity, not transitively, but intransitively. 1762 R. Lowth Short Introd. Eng. Gram. (1838) 49 (note) The difference between Verbs absolutely neuter and intransitively active is not always clear. 1884 N.E.D. I. Gen. Explan. p. xix Verbs used transitively and intransitively. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1612
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