internaladj.n.

1547 J. Hooper Answer Detection Deuyls Sophistrye sig. F^v Cayne that thowgh god would be pleasid with an externall ceremony, with out an internall reconsiliacion, was openly declaryd to be an hypocrite with out faith or ony godly mocion.

1597 M. Drayton Englands Heroicall Epist. f. 48 ^v No ioy presents my soules internall eyes, But diuination of sad tragedies.

1608 D. Tuvill Ess. Politicke, & Morall f. 15^v Passions are certaine internall acts, and operations of our soule.

1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 1334 Off. Regard thy self, this will offend them highly. Sam. My self? my conscience and internal peace.

1710 M. Chudleigh Ess. Several Subj. 69* Those internal Joys which spring from an inlightned Understanding, a well-regulated Judgment, a rectified Will.

1764 O. Goldsmith Traveller 14 Praise too dearly lov'd, or warmly sought, Enfeebles all internal strength of thought.

1834 Mail (Hagerstown, Maryland) 24 Jan. 1/1 The slightest remissness in the attention of a friend, fastens on the internal feelings of female affection.

1869 J. Martineau Ess. Philos. & Theol. 2nd Ser. 110 Sensations and ideas are both internal.

1904 Mind 13 214 The non-simultaneity of perception and object, where internal perception is concerned, need cause no difficulty.

1943 J. Maritain Educ. at Crossroads iv. ii. 94 An abiding sense of the reality of the internal power of regenerating grace and faith, hope, and charity.

1967 Brit. Jrnl. Psychiatry 113 1049/2 Using the phrase ‘creative dissonance’ he goes on to consider evidence that to be able to live with internal conflict and inconsistency..may well be equated with sanity and mental health.

2008 Spirit of Change Summer 17 The internal dialogue we have about the events—the ‘tag line’ that we tell ourselves, and actually hear in our own heads.

1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. ii. sig. O4^v All other assemblies may be well termed strange and externall, and this same [sc. assemblies of the learned] familiar and internal [Fr. interieure].

a1595 R. Southwell Humble Supplication (1600) 88 We are assured by their notice, who were more internal & conuersant with them both,..that they are sufficiently enformed of the estates of Catholikes.

1616 J. Bullokar Eng. Expositor Internall, inward: verie deerely esteemed, or familiar with one.

a1594 R. Greenham Wks. (1601) 476 Wit, discretion, iudgement, the vse of reason, and such internals.

1641 Naunton's Fragmenta Regalia sig. A3 As for her externalls she was full blowne, so was she for her Internalls growne ripe and seasoned by adversitie.

1651 J. Saint-Amard tr. F. Micanzio Life Father Paul sig. P4^v Father Fulgentio..understood the internals of the Father by a long practise.

1791 Lady's Mag. Aug. 397/2 An old, overgrown he-serpent, whom men call Viperly, in every part resembling man; but his internals seem the true copy of his ancestor, first seen in the garden of Eden.

1839 tr. E. Swedenborg Doctr. New Jerusalem (rev. ed.) §223 Man is so created, that as to his internal he cannot die.

a1852 M. Betham in E. V. Lucas Life C. Lamb (1910) xxiv. 288 I saw him talking to her afterwards with great apparent interest, and noticed it, saying, ‘I thought he had not liked her.’ His reply was, ‘I liked her internals very well.’

1920 W. P. Eaton in J. Forbes Famous Mrs. Fair & Other Plays p. xi Mr. Forbes considerably deepened his conception of what he means by ‘character’, moving from the superficial to the fundamental, from externals to internals.

1998 A. Lively Masks v. 161 Their projections of what was signified by the African were determined as much by the internals of the European psyche..as they were by the realities of what was happening thousands of miles away.

1655 N. Culpeper et al. tr. L. Rivière Pract. Physick xi. vi. 344 While you use Internals [L. dum remedia interna celebrantur], forget not Externals, for they are of great force to discuss the Humor of the Belly; as Fomentations, Bags, Oyntments, Pultisses, and Plaisters.

1694 W. Salmon Pharmacopœia Bateana i. ix. 454/1 Cinnabar..is mostly used as an Internal in the Venereal Disease and all its Retinue.

1705 F. Fuller Medicina Gymnastica Pref. sig. a^v Internals do indeed make up the far greatest part of the Means of Cure.

1755 T. Gataker Observ. Venereal Complaints: Pt. 2 4 The internals recommended by Turner, are, as in the gonorrhœa, the strong mercurial purges and vomits.

1808 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 19 18 In all cases of severe burns and scalds, whatever may be the external mode of treatment, the judicious use of proper internals will always be found greatly to expedite and facilitate the cure.

1697 tr. F. Burgersdijck Monitio Logica i. xviii. 71 The Internal of Oratory [L. finis internus artis oratoriae] is to speak Ornately, and Accommodately to persuade; the External to persuade.

1709 H. Sacheverell Perils False Brethren 10 The Exterior Fences to Guard the Internals of Religion.

1884 Christian Commonw. 20 Mar. 536/2 The real sweets of life..belong to the internals and subjectives of existence.

1949 Berkeley (Calif.) Daily Gaz. 8 Sept. 12/2 Police Chief William A. Worton ordered Sgt. Don Williams of the Internal Affairs Bureau to sign a petty theft complaint yesterday after persons on the scene told other officers they saw Long remove a paper bag from the store.

1971 New York 16 Aug. 27/2 The blackmailed narcotics pusher did what they never expected; he screamed to the Internal Affairs Division.

1981 in B. Mathews & G. Izumi Who is guarding Guardians? iii. 56 Complaints of this type will be investigated by internal affairs if..the complainant is the officer's supervisor.

1988 ‘C. J. Cherryh’ Cyteen 169 Reseune's legal staff was winning every round. And Internal Affairs..was not hitting back.

2013 Frederick (Maryland) News-Post 19 July a1/1 The use-of-force report states that the case was forwarded to internal affairs for administrative review.

1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 1000 The third line..which maketh the internall angle of the backeside is blunt and almost round.

1660 tr. I. Barrow Euclide's Elements i. 8 If a right line BA falling on two right lines AD, CB, make the internall angles on the same side, BAD, ABC, lesse then two right angles.

1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 545 The measurer..girths round the string to the internal angle at the top of the string.

1998 J. L. Heilbron Geom. Civilized ii. 58 We therefore have a transversal cutting two lines so that the alternate internal angles are equal.

1873 J. C. Boyce Frost & Thaw xiii. 256 The old man..was moreover made conscious, by the monitions of an internal clock, that it was time for him to take some refreshment.

1960 I. Jefferies Dignity & Purity vi. 123 I suppose he works according to his own internal clock.

1990 Sci. Amer. Apr. 67/1 Once it had been determined that an internal clock controls the sensitivity of the Limulus eye, work began to elucidate the mechanisms underlying that control.

2012 Daily Tel. 17 Sept. 25/2 Blue light has an alerting effect. It delays the internal clock in the brain so that our sleeping pattern is delayed and the alarm seems to go off too early in the morning.

1969 D. R. Reuben Everything you always wanted to know about Sex xii. 236 Unfortunately, cervical caps never fitted tightly enough and were often found at the mouth of the vagina the morning after. This sort of internal condom just didn't work out.

1994 A. Radakovich Wild Girls Club 89 A tube-shaped internal condom... ‘Probe my plastic void!’ I exclaimed to my boy.

2020 L. L. Alexander et al. New Dimensions in Women's Health (ed. 8) v. 115 In 2018, the female condom was renamed the internal condom to reflect its potential use during anal sex.

1739 Philos. Trans. 1737–8 (Royal Soc.) 40 184 The first internal Contact of the Disks, at the Formation of the Annulus, was considerably below the West Point of the Sun's Disk.

1898 Mem. Brit. Astron. Assoc. 6 137 (table) Limbs very steady at internal contact.

2003 D. Leverington Babylon to Voyager & Beyond v. 141 When the transit has virtually finished, these internal and external contacts are seen in reverse.

1940 Pacific Affairs 13 163 A great process of internal displacement, assimilation or replacement has been going on for centuries.

1946 Christian Sci. Monitor 31 Jan. 5 The residue of internal displacement in France resulting from German and Allied invasions probably approximated 200,000 to 300,000 persons.

1998 R. Cohen & F. M. Deng Masses in Flight 235 The need for political and humanitarian solutions to the Kashmir dispute, a source of internal displacement in India, has not been addressed.

1905 R. H. Smith Commerc. Econ. Steam & other Thermal Power-plants v. 170 ‘Damping’, which means the internal conversion of mechanical kinetic energy into other forms of energy.

1924 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 105 186 We find the number of β-ray line electrons to be extremely high, so that believing them to be all due to internal conversion of the γ-ray, we deduce that this internal absorption coefficient has a very high value.

1972 H. A. Enge et al. Introd. Atomic Physics xii. 386 Internal conversion competes with gamma emission, and the ratio of the probabilities of the two processes depends strongly upon the multipolarity.

1972 C. H. J. Wells Introd. Molecular Photochem. iii. 34 Internal conversion (ic) is the term given to the radiationless process whereby a molecule transfers from one electronic state to another electronic state of the same multiplicity.

2006 E. V. Anslyn & D. A. Dougherty Mod. Physical Org. Chem. xvi. 993 Multiple photophysical events can occur from these excited state surfaces—namely, internal conversion, fluorescence, intersystem crossing, and phosphorescence.

1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια viii. xli. 696 The instrument of the Hearing is not the Externa[l]l Eare, but the internall, which consisteth of foure cauities, and many other particles vnknowne to the Antients.

1655 N. Culpeper et al. tr. L. Rivière Pract. Physick iii. i. 98 Masticatories, or Chewings; are peculiarly necessary in this Disease, by reason of the passage which comes from the internal Ear [L. interna aure] to the Pallat, and throws out the excrements of the Ears.

1772 D. MacBride Methodical Introd. Theory & Pract. Physic 434 The otitis, or inflammation of the internal ear, is accompanied with the most excruciating pain.

1885 Encycl. Brit. XIX. 38/2 The horizontal semicircular canal in the internal ear of a pigeon.

2003 T3 Mar. 116/1 Bone conduction is the process by which sound is carried to your internal ear through the canal bones.

1654 W. Charleton Physiologia Epicuro-Gassendo-Charltoniana ii. iv. 126 Those [Positions] which we may with good advantage substitute..are (1) That Atoms were produced ex nihilo, or created by God, as the sufficient Materials of the World..; (2) that, at their Creation, God invigorated or imprægnated them with an Internal Energy, or Faculty Motive, which may be conceived the First Cause of all Natural Actions.

1704 J. Toland Lett. Serena v. 193 You must always distinguish between the internal Energy, Autokinesy, or essential Action of all Matter,..and the external local Motion or Changes of Place.

1867 J. C. Maxwell in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 157 57 We suppose the molecules to be bodies, or systems of bodies, capable of rotation, internal vibration, or any form of energy other than simple motion of translation... The value of θ and the final velocities of the molecules will depend on the amount of internal energy in each molecule before the encounter.

1921 A. W. Judge Automobile & Aircraft Engines ii. 60 The internal energy of a given quantity of gas depends only upon its temperature.

2010 P. W. Atkins Laws of Thermodynamics: Very Short Introd. iii. 51 The first law and the internal energy identify the feasible change among all conceivable changes: a process is feasible only if the total energy of the universe remains the same.

1928 R. N. Baldwin Liberty under Soviets xvi. 233 Very few bourgeois opponents of the Soviet regime have been exiled abroad. None in recent years has been able to get an order of internal exile changed to abroad, as some did earlier.

1969 N.Y. Times 25 Dec. 1/6 In Hungary [the trend points] toward normalization despite the continued ‘internal exile’ of the primate, Jozsef Cardinal Mindszenty.

1994 H. Bloom Western Canon ii. v. 133 The Don, like the Jews and the Moors, is an exile, but in the mode of the conversos and moriscos, an internal exile.

2006 Ireland's Own Feb. 29/1 He was forced into internal exile in Limerick where he drilled and trained local Volunteers, and made an unholy nuisance of himself with the Authorities.

1885 A. Sedgwick & F. G. Heathcote tr. C. Claus Elem. Text-bk. Zool.: Mollusca to Man v. 149 In the viviparous fish,..a true copulation and an internal fertilization [Ger. innere Befruchtung] of the egg takes place.

a1933 J. A. Thomson Biol. for Everyman (1934) I. xi. 205 In the crab..the spermatozoa pass into the oviduct of the female, illustrating internal fertilization, as in all backboned animals from Reptiles to Mammals inclusive.

2000 Nature 27 Apr. 933/2 There are good theoretical reasons to expect that intelligence can out-compete strength, and that internal fertilization gives every female mammal the final choice of which sperm is going to fertilise her egg.

1797 Encycl. Brit. VIII. 357/1 Physiologists..could not agree whether the heat of animals is occasioned by the friction of the blood against the vessels which contain it, or by the internal friction and agitation of the particles among one another.

1922 R. Glazebrook Dict. Appl. Physics I. 351/1 The characteristics of the internal friction of fluids when the general motion is eddying or turbulent.

2007 L. J. Hopper Landscape Archit. Graphic Standards 495/2 When concrete is vibrated, the internal friction between the aggregate particles is temporarily destroyed and the concrete behaves like a liquid.

1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations II. v. iii. 571 The British empire would thus afford within itself an immense internal market for every part of the produce of all its different provinces. View more context for this quotation

1831 Christian Examiner, & Church of Ireland Mag. July 510 The improvement in the condition of the labourer will also benefit the manufacturer and farmer, as he will extend his profitable consumption in proportion to his means, and thus increase the internal market.

1903 North Amer. Rev. Aug. 249 The protective tariffs, together with trusts and other combinations, which permit of sale at a higher price in the immense internal market of the United States, are being transformed in their turn into export duties.

1975 Economist 1 Feb. 54/1 The EEC commissioner for the internal market, Mr Finn Olav Gundelach, advised his fellow-commissioners this week against intervention.

1989 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 22 July 263/1 For resources to follow patients across NHS boundaries..hospitals had to be adequately funded in proportion to the work they did. It did not require an administrative nightmare of contracts and an internal market.

2001 Wired Apr. 196/2 ‘B2B, together with the common currency—that will be a strongly unifying force for the internal market’, says Liikanen.

2012 Morning Star (Nexis) 12 Feb. None of this will happen until the crazy internal market and unhealthy interests of the outsourcers are purged for good from our beloved NHS.

1945 J. P. Eckert et al. Descr. ENIAC (PB 86242) (Moore School of Electr. Engin., Univ. Pennsylvania) iii. 1 The memory elements of the machine may be divided into two groups—the ‘internal memory’ and the ‘external memory’.

1979 Computerworld 11 June 86/2 A Z80-based microcomputer that features..an internal memory of 64K.

1991 Process Engin. Aug. 50/3 Information can be stored either in the internal memory or in a removable Datapak or Rampak.

2008 Mac Life Mar. 55/1 The 1GB of internal memory means you can store a ton of JPEG or bitmap images on the frame itself.

1979 Electronics & Power Jan. 11/3 A range of optional features is available, including a transaction-card reader..and communications equipment including an internal modem.

1989 Computer Buyer's Guide & Handbk. 7 vi. 53/2 Just as internal modems are the standard for desktop systems, external modems should, we feel be de rigeur for lappies.

2003 Outdoor Photographer June 71/2 The 12-inch Apple PowerBook..has an internal modem and bluetooth wireless connections.

1924 H. G. Baynes in Brit. Jrnl. Med. Psychol. 4 47 Attitude denotes therefore a characteristic state of libido tension, by which a certain dynamic relation is established between subject and object... This concept not only covers the relation between subject and external object, but also includes the relation to internal objects. That is to say the quality of relation to one's own thoughts and feelings, to one's personality in whole or in part.

1930 M. Scheideberg in Internat. Jrnl. Psycho-anal. 11 411 The flight to the internal object may take place if the flight to the external object causes too much anxiety.

1940 Internat. Jrnl. Psycho-anal. 21 280 (title) Temper tantrums in early childhood in their relation to internal objects.

1973 H. Segal Introd. Work M. Klein (new ed.) ii. 12 These internal objects are not ‘objects’ situated in the body or the psyche: like Freud, Melanie Klein is describing unconscious phantasies which people have about what they contain.

2005 W. M. Singletary in S. Akhtar & H. Blum Lang. Emotions vi. 87 Tyson refers to such children as seeming to have a ‘consistent internal frightening and attacking object’..and to have a ‘consistently negative relationship’ with an internal object.

1891 Bot. Gaz. 16 308 According to Lamounette..the internal phloem is not developed from the procambium which produces the bundle, but arises from the pith parenchyma.

1953 K. Esau Plant Anat. xii. 268 In angiosperms the internal phloem is initiated somewhat later than the external.

2009 Jrnl. Torrey Bot. Soc. 136 423/2 The present investigation gathers additional information on 1) origin and development of internal phloem and 2) structure and development of internal cambium.

1686 Philos. Trans. 1685 (Royal Soc.) 15 1241 Upon this it is to be observed, that the bellow's can never be opened by the internal pressure, unless the sayd pressure be stronger then the externall.

1754 W. Emerson Princ. Mech. 170 The internal pressure at O exceeds the external, by the weight of the column of water AO.

1911 Trans. Faraday Soc. 7 94 It is therefore immaterial..whether we fix our attention on the internal pressure or on the thermal pressure, which acts in the opposite sense.

2010 M. E. Tuckerman Statist. Mech. v. 214 In order to maintain a fixed internal pressure, the volume of the system must be allowed to fluctuate.

1883 F. H. Bradley Princ. Logic 432 As the material supplied is in each case different, so again the product is not the same. In one case the whole precedes and is followed by its internal relations.

1956 R. A. Wollheim in A. J. Ayer Revol. in Philos. ii. 22 In logic this view is known as the theory of ‘internal relations’. All the relations in which an object stands are rooted in its nature as firmly as triangularity is rooted in the nature of the triangle.

2005 A. Nordmann Wittgenstein's Tractatus iii. 110 Is it the point..of the suggested internal relation between facts in the world and sentences as facts, that a well-invented and structurally sound sentence is always already a candidate for truth and falsity in the world?

2011 D. Ehring Tropes vi. 179 Suppose that a is darker than b and a is cleaner than b. Both of these relations are internal relations.

1856 Glasgow Herald 11 Aug. 5/5 The position of the Bank, both with regard to its internal reserves and its banking liabilities, is better by nearly half a million.

1904 G. van der Linde Bookkeeping & Other Papers (ed. 2) 356 With all soundly established banks and mercantile firms this internal reserve..is generally sufficient to meet these contingencies, and thus avoid the necessity of entrenching upon the disclosed reserves.

2014 J.-S.Shin Global Financial Crisis & Korean Econ. iv. 151 Companies in advanced countries are able to make long-term investments from internal reserves because they have already accumulated internal funds.

1843 J. F. Daniell Introd. Study Chem. Philos. (ed. 2) xiii. 489 By doubling the size of the plates we double the area of the section and halve the internal resistance.

1924 A. J. Allmand & H. J. T. Ellingham Princ. Appl. Electrochem. (ed. 2) xiii. 205 One further cause lowers the working voltage of a cell, viz. the internal resistance.

2012 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 28 Jan. 35 A cell's internal resistance increases with age and with repeated charge/discharge cycles.

1770 W. Guthrie New Geogr. Gram. 403 As to the taxes from whence the internal revenues arise, they are various, arbitrary, and so much suited to conveniency, that we cannot fix them at any certainty.

1783 P. Webster 6th Ess. Free Trade & Finance 24 To raise and manage the internal revenue, so as to make the wealth of the country balance the public expenditures is not so easy a task.

1826 Colonial Times (Hobart, Tasmania) 6 May This Officer, together with the Receipt and Custody of all Public Money, is charged with the Collection of the Quit rents, and other Sources of internal Revenue.

1865 N.-Y. Daily Tribune 1 June 4/4 The blundering blockheads (so he calls them) of the Internal Revenue service.

1883 American 7 65 The new Commissioner of Internal Revenue in his first departmental report to the Secretary of the Treasury.

1917 Washington Post 15 Apr. (Mag. section) 4/2 Internal revenue officers..admit that they are baffled in their efforts to unmask the drug barons.

1920 Reports (U.S. Dept. Commerce) (1921) 342 Decrease in the use of alcoholmeters by the Internal Revenue Service during the fiscal year.

1990 R. M. Fried Nightmare in Red ii. 55 The quizzing of two women in Internal Revenue who were alleged to be Communists.

1991 Internat. Jrnl. Law & Family 5 234 Parent locator services search records such as internal revenue and social security records for information on the parents' whereabouts.

1850 Bibliotheca Sacra Apr. 242 These four elements—the final and internal rhyme, the various forms of alliteration, and the cyrch—constitute the bases of the Welsh metrical system.

1965 Arizona Republic 6 Sept. 6/6 Once he had their interest, it was comparatively easy to get them to scan the lines properly and to become aware of the subtleties of internal rhyme, alliteration and onomatopoeia.

2008 J.-M. Claassen Ovid Revisited iii. 108 Mostly the ornamental effect is pleasing, but sometimes such internal rhyme can jar on modern sensibilities.

1745 Diss. Voluntary Eating of Blood ii. 20 Passing thro' the Stomach into the common Ducts, by which all things hetrogeneal to the Body, (or which are rejected in its internal Secretions) are cast out of it.

1818 J. Johnson Infl. Atmosphere (ed. 2) i. 83 In augmenting a mild cuticular discharge from the pores of the surface, the warm bath increases the internal secretions.

1854 Monthly Jrnl. Med. Sci. Nov. 455 In the liver there is an external as well as an internal secretion; the former is that of bile, which is carried away by the bowels; the latter is that of sugar, which becomes diffused in the blood.

1921 I. G. Cobb Organs Internal Secretion (ed. 3) i. 19 The term hormone is in more or less general use to denote an internal secretion.

2010 T. Schlich Origins Organ Transplantation v. 50 Ultimately, the theory of internal secretion led to the development of the field of endocrinology.

1787 G. Adams Ess. Microscope v. 184 All quadrupedes, birds, and fishes, have an internal skeleton of bones to which the muscles are fixed.

1877 H. A. Nicholson Anc. Life-hist. Earth ix. 112 The ordinary Cuttle-fishes and Calamaries either possess an internal skeleton, or if they have an external shell, it is not chambered.

1986 PC Mag. July 135 A steel chassis forms the internal skeleton.

2010 W. T. Fitch Evol Lang. v. 216 The presence of an internal skeleton gives vertebrates a major advantage.

1818 Descr. W. Annesley's New Syst. Naval Archit. 27 Every treenail, bolt, &c. through the whole ellipsis must shift its place first, which is impossible to effect by any internal stress a vessel is liable to.

1923 R. Glazebrook Dict. Appl. Physics V. 344/1 In quenching steel these internal stresses cause internal straining of the metal.

2010 D. Blockley Bridges vi. 212 Now we want to know the turning effect that the beam can resist. This comes from the internal stresses in the beam when they are at their largest.

1804 J. Leslie Exper. Inq. Heat xiii. 243 These internal waves, whether of the quality of hot or cold, must evidently have all the properties which belong to elastic pulsations.

1931 Rapports et Proc.-Verb. des Réunions Conseil Perm. Internat. Explor. Mer 76 10 Free internal waves must abate owing to internal friction and eddy-viscosity.

1966 McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. (rev. ed.) XIV. 417/2 Internal waves have been found in the atmosphere as lee waves..and as waves propagated along an inversion layer.

2002 P. Herring Biol. Deep Ocean iii. 51 Other nepheloid layers are sometimes formed by the impact of internal waves on the continental slope.

1654 W. Jenkyn Expos. Jude: 2nd Pt. xii. 341 A renewed Principle of life, must needs want that which should make us good for continuance, namely internalness and sincerity.

1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II. i. Internalness, inwardness.

1847 Musical World 6 Nov. 703/1 The concrete relations as reflected in the subject, nay, as in reality, so in a work of art, allows them to arise as products of internalness, and subjective intuition.

1932 S. Dasgupta Hist. Indian Philos. II. xi. 72 Inference cannot reveal the internalness of any cognition or feeling.

2000 B. Davis et al. Engaging Minds v. 233 One's silent readings are always accompanied by a sort of silent speaking. In other words, the internalness or mentalness of silent reading is an illusion.