inflamev.
/ɪnˈfleɪm/, U.S. /ᵻnˈfleɪm/ I. transitive.
1. figurative.a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) v. i. 7 Vse all your power To stop their marches 'fore we are enflam'd: Our discontented Counties doe reuolt. View more context for this quotation
a. To cause to blaze or burst into flames; to set ablaze; to set on fire; to kindle.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > burn or consume by fire [verb (transitive)] > set on fire
inflamec1384
to set on firec1384
firec1425
incense1470
esprise1474
succend?a1475
embrase1480
to light upa1500
enfirea1522
ignifya1586
befire1613
incendiatea1701
to touch off1759
conflagrate1835
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Mal. iv. 1 Alle proude men..shuln be stobil; and the day cummynge shal enflawme hem.
1413 Pilgr. Sowle (1859) ii. lx. 58 Of wexe ne of matche..ther cometh neuer stynke, but yf that it be fyrst enflammed with fyre.
c1600 Hist. & Life James VI (1825) 6 They..kendlit thair trayne of gun poulder, whilk inflammit the haill timber of the hous.
1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §361 It is Heat, rather than Flame, which neuerthelesse is sufficient to Enflame the Oyl.
1631 T. Heywood England's Elizabeth Gardiner had inflamed many Martyrs, and hath now his body inflamed.
1780 Falconer's Universal Dict. Marine (rev. ed.) at Mortar The fuse..inflames the powder.
1823 W. Henry Elements Exper. Chem. (ed. 9) I. vii. 237 Add to three measures of the air under examination, two measures of pure hydrogen gas; inflame the mixture.
1850 F. W. Robertson Serm. 3rd Ser. viii. 104 Fire will inflame straw.
b. transferred. To light up or redden as if with flame; to ‘fire’.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > light > illumination > illuminate [verb (transitive)] > with or as with fire
inflame1477
bonfire1605
to beacon up1644
kindle1685
beacon1803
flare1853
the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > making or becoming red > make red [verb (transitive)]
red?c1225
rud?c1225
rubifyc1450
inflame1477
keel1508
redden1552
rubrify1587
fire1597
blusha1616
over-reda1616
ruddy1689
rouge1815
1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 97 Certayn oxen or bulles of fyre so grete that they enflamed alle the regyon of the ayer.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 139 I will my self conduct thee on thy Way, When next the Southing Sun inflames the Day. View more context for this quotation
a1822 P. B. Shelley Charles I i, in Wks. (1870) II. 376 The torches Inflame the night to the eastward.
1892 C. Haviland in Pall Mall Gaz. 8 Aug. 3/1 The red, reflected sky Inflames the river, tints the trees.
2.
a. figurative. To set on fire with passion, strong feeling, or desire; to excite passionately.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > passion > ardour or fervour > ardent or fervent [verb (transitive)] > inflame (with) passion
annealeOE
ontendeOE
anheatOE
atend1006
tindc1175
firec1225
heat?c1225
inlowa1300
inflamea1340
eschaufec1374
flamec1380
kindlec1390
chafe1393
achafea1400
to set a firec1400
lighta1413
incense1435
scaldc1480
embrase1483
incend?1504
to set on fire?1526
enkindle1561
enfire1596
flush1633
boil1649
calenturea1657
infirea1661
the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > vehement or passionate desire > desire vehemently or passionately [verb (transitive)] > inflame with passionate desire
inflamea1340
scaldc1480
enkindle1561
the mind > emotion > excitement > exciting > excite [verb (transitive)]
astirc1000
stir?c1225
araisec1374
entalentc1374
flamec1380
reara1382
raisec1384
commove1393
kindlea1400
fluster1422
esmove1474
talent1486
heavec1540
erect?1555
inflame1560
to set on gog1560
yark1565
tickle1567
flesh1573
concitate1574
rouse1574
warmc1580
agitate1587
spirit1598
suscitate1598
fermentate1599
nettle1599
startle1602
worka1616
exagitate1621
foment1621
flush1633
exacuatea1637
ferment1667
to work up1681
pique1697
electrify1748
rattle1781
pump1791
to touch up1796
excite1821
to key up1835
to steam up1909
jazz1916
steam1922
volt1930
whee1949
to fire up1976
geek1984
a1340 R. Rolle Psalter civ. 18 Þe worde of oure lord enflaummyd him.
c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) Pref. 2 Pride enuy and couetise has so enflaumbed þe hertes.
c1449 R. Pecock tr. St. Augustine in Repressor 330 The wil is heet and inflamyd into loue.
c1480 (a1400) St. George 567 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 192 Hou dacyane..wes inflammyt of yre & tene.
1560 A. L. tr. J. Calvin Serm. Songe Ezechias iii. 61 If we be not then enflamed to praise him with full mouth.
a1572 J. Knox Hist. Reformation Scotl. in Wks. (1846) I. 361 The multitud easelie inflambed gave the alarme.
1663 S. Butler Hudibras: First Pt. i. iii. 181 Honour, Revenge, Contempt and Shame, Did equally their breasts enflame.
1726 G. Leoni tr. L. B. Alberti Architecture III. 18/1 Having their minds enflamed with passion.
1752 D. Hume Ess. & Treat. (1777) I. 69 Court and country-party enflamed into a civil war by an unhappy concurrence of circumstances.
1845 S. Austin tr. L. von Ranke Hist. Reformation in Germany III. 215 The warning..had served only to enflame Suleiman with fresh ardour to seek him out.
1876 S. Smiles Huguenots in Eng. (rev. ed.) iii. 40 [They] did their utmost to inflame the minds of the people against the heretics.
b. To fire, kindle, rouse (passion, etc.).
ΚΠ
c1340 R. Rolle Prose Treat. 2 It inflawmes þe affeccyone.
1574 J. Baret Aluearie I 116 His anger was inflamed again.
1732 in Swift's Lett. (1766) II. 267 The motive that inflamed his passions upon that subject [Religion].
1838 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Ferdinand & Isabella II. i. xviii. 178 The reports..of the first adventurers had inflamed the cupidity of many.
3.
a. To heat, make hot; esp. to raise (the body or blood) to a feverish or morbid heat; to excite inflammation in.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > inflammation > inflame [verb (transitive)]
inflame1530
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > heat or make hot [verb (transitive)] > warm a person or the body > make hot
inflame1530
incend1541
heat1601
broil1635
calorify1841
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 534/2 His lyver is al enflamed with drinkyng of hote wynes.
1584 T. Cogan Hauen of Health ccxvii. 210 White wine inflameth or heateth least of all wines.
1599 H. Buttes Dyets Dry Dinner sig. N8v Hurtes..hot constitutions, by inflaming the inward parts, and blood.
1665 T. Herbert Some Years Trav. (new ed.) 282 I put some of the wood into my mouth and chewed it;..for half an hour my mouth was inflamed as if I had taken so much Vitrol.
1714 A. Pope Rape of Lock (new ed.) iv. 34 If e'er thy Gnome could..Like Citron-Waters Matron's Cheeks inflame.
1775 R. Chandler Trav. Asia Minor lxxxii. 273 We had..wooden lattices to admit the air, while cool; and with shutters to exclude it, when inflamed.
1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess i. 15 I saw my father's face Grow long and troubled.., Inflamed with wrath.
1897 F. Marryat Blood of Vampire xv Her eyes were inflamed with crying.
b. Of a stimulant. (Uniting senses 2, 3.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > heat or make hot [verb (transitive)] > warm a person or the body > make hot > of a stimulant
inflame1560
1560 Bible (Geneva) Isa. v. 11 Wo vnto them, that rise vp early to followe drunkennes, and to them that continue vntil night, til the wine do inflame them.
a1586 Sir H. Sidney in R. Parr Life J. Usher (1686) Misc. Lett. 23 Lest, being enforced to drink [wine] upon the sudden, you should find your self enflamed.
1678 R. L'Estrange tr. Of Anger vii. 65 in Seneca's Morals Abstracted (1679) Others are Enflam'd by Wine.
1850 F. W. Robertson Serm. 3rd Ser. ix. 116 Stimulants like wine inflame the senses.
4. † b. To augment (a price, or amount charged).
a. To add heat or fuel to, to aggravate, augment in violence, exacerbate.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > make (more) violent [verb (transitive)]
enragec1500
renfierce1590
inflame1607
incense1615
ferment1660
the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > severity > make more severe [verb (transitive)]
gregge1340
aggrievea1425
aggravec1475
aggregec1540
aggravate1576
inflame1607
exasperate1611
to set forward(s)1611
exacerbate1660
sharpen1768
nettle1821
compound1961
1607 S. Hieron Spirituall Sonne-ship in Wks. (1620) I. 353 How happy might I bee, if..I might either enkindle this desire, where hitherto it hath not beene, or might enflame it or adde heate vnto it, where it is?
1706 J. Collier Reply to Dr. Filmer (1730) 415 The Repetition of an ill Thing heightens the Degree, and inflames the Guilt.
1709 J. Addison Tatler No. 123. ⁋3 This Stream..rather inflamed than quenched their Thirst.
1817 J. Mill Hist. Brit. India II. v. v. 540 The customary disputes were renewed and inflamed.
1879 F. W. Farrar Life & Work St. Paul II. ix. xl. 326 Had he any right to inflame an existing animosity?
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > monetary value > price > fluctuation in price > [verb (transitive)] > increase (prices)
raise?a1513
enhance1542
enhaulse1600
exhance1667
inflamea1687
to run up1709
rise1740
to put up1838
hike1904
up1934
price-gouge1940
uplift1962
a1687 W. Petty Polit. Anat. Ireland (1691) 75 The Interest must enflame the price of Irish Commodities.
1696 G. Stanhope tr. Thomas à Kempis Christian's Pattern (1711) 187 Beware lest this busy and malicious impertinence do not inflame the reckoning.
1773 O. Goldsmith She stoops to Conquer ii. 20 We passengers are to be taxed to pay all these fineries. I have often seen a good sideboard,..tho' not actually put in the bill, enflame a reckoning confoundedly.
II. intransitive.
5. † b. transferred. To become very hot. Obsolete.
a. To burst into flame; to catch fire.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > burn or be on fire [verb (intransitive)] > catch fire or begin to burn
quicka1225
kindle?c1225
tindc1290
atend1398
to catch fire (also afire, on fire)c1400
quickenc1425
enkindle1556
fire1565
to set on fire1596
take1612
catch1632
conflagrate1657
to fly on fire1692
to go up1716
deflagrate1752
flagrate1756
inflame1783
ignite1818
to fire up1845
1783 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 73 227 When the metal is red-hot, it melts and inflames instantaneously.
1794 G. Adams Lect. Nat. & Exper. Philos. I. xi. 488 It does not inflame, unless mixed with atmospherical or with vital air.
1812 H. Davy Elements Chem. Philos. 89 By the friction of solids..the axle trees of carriages sometimes inflame.
1871 J. Tyndall Fragm. Sci. (1879) I. iii. 85 It first smokes and then violently inflames.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > be hot [verb (intransitive)] > very
(to be, set) a walm?1605
inflame1638
burn1727
1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) 296 Long becalmed, whereby the ayre inflam'd, and Sea gave a fierie reflection.
6. To become hot or excited with passion; to glow with ardour of feeling.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > passion > ardour or fervour > become ardent or fervent [verb (intransitive)] > become inflamed with passion
heata1225
tind1297
lowea1333
anheat1340
to catch firec1400
kindlea1450
to take firea1513
inflame1559
broil1561
calenturea1657
1559 W. Baldwin et al. Myrroure for Magistrates Cade xiii I therby enflamed much the more.
1621 F. Quarles Hadassa vii. sig. F3v Their fell disdaine..Inflam'd.
1824 T. Carlyle Life Schiller (1872) App. ii. 272 I know how soon your noble heart inflames when sympathy and humanity appeal to it.
7. To become inflamed under the action of disease or stimulants; to be affected with inflammation.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > inflammation > become inflamed [verb (intransitive)]
scald1566
inflame1607
1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 224 Sometime the liuer of the Foxe inflameth.
1740 H. Bracken Farriery Improv'd (ed. 2) II. vi. 162 The Fibres..will not fret or inflame as soon.
1753 N. Torriano tr. J. B. L. Chomel Hist. Diss. Gangrenous Sore Throat 126 The Blister inflamed to a great Degree.
1755 Man x. 3 Their high blood being apt to inflame with wine.
1892 Argosy Mar. 181 He was compelled to drink sparingly lest his head should inflame.
1898 J. Hutchinson Archives Surg. IX. 313 The patches do not ulcerate or inflame.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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